Scientists solve da Vinci's paradox

Plus: NASA nuclear propulsion concept could reach Mars in just 45 days. Jan 20, 2023 [Blueprint]( It’s taken a while, [but they’ve done it](. …About 500 years in fact, but scientists have now solved Leonardo da Vinci’s air bubbles paradox. That is to say, they’ve found a method to explain the erratic movement of bubbles rising in water. This may also be helpful for understanding the mobility of particles whose behavior is transitional between a solid and a gas. So, that’s something to be bubbly about. But before you watch scientists rise to that challenge, watch them rise to this one. [This video]( shows a new NASA nuclear propulsion concept that could reach Mars in just 45 days. Nippy! Good morning. I’m Alice, an Editor at IE. This is The Blueprint. Let’s dive in. [Dams could sustainably feed 1.15 billion people, but as a last resort](. [premium] Hydroelectric dams supply a renewable energy resource that contributes a huge proportion of the world's renewable energy. Perhaps science and innovation need to step up and make them more sustainable. [Play]VIDEO OF THE DAY [NASA nuclear propulsion concept could reach Mars in just 45 days.]( [NASA nuclear propulsion concept could reach Mars in just 45 days.]( They’d be back in time for summer. [Must Read]MUST READ [Scientists solve 500-year-old mystery of Leonardo's paradox.]( [Scientists solve 500-year-old mystery of Leonardo's paradox.]( Leonardo da Vinci observed bubbles were spiraling and zigzagging (rather than going up) when floating on the water's surface – [the 500-year-old air bubbles paradox](. Now, a method to explain the erratic movement of bubbles rising in water has been found. The new study may be helpful in comprehending the mobility of particles whose behavior is transitional between a solid and a gas, according to researchers. They say the air-water interface of the bubble can be precisely characterized using a numerical discretization technique, which allows for the simulation of the bubble's motion and the investigation of its stability. The study demonstrates that bubbles depart from a straight trajectory in water when their spherical radius exceeds 0.926 millimeters, a result that is within two percent of the experimental values obtained with ultrapure water in the 1990s. Their simulations closely match high-precision measurements of unsteady bubble motion. → In spite of these efforts though, and in spite of the ready availability of enormous computing power, it has not been possible to reconcile experiments with numerical simulations of the full hydrodynamic equations for a deformable air bubble in water …yet. [READ MORE [Arrow]]( [Facebook]( [INNOVATION]INNOVATION [NASA considers building an oxygen pipeline in the lunar south pole.]( NASA may use an [oxygen pipeline to transport oxygen to various locations around the lunar south pole]( for its upcoming Artemis missions. Peter Curreri, Chief Science Officer at Lunar Resources Inc. has filed a proposal to the space agency's Innovative Advanced Concepts (NIAC) program. His was one of 14 research teams awarded $175,000 in funding to develop their concepts. The proposed lunar pipeline would connect to NASA's lunar ice extraction hub in the lunar south pole. [READ MORE [Arrow]]( [SCIENCE]SCIENCE [Solar Panels: price, specs. Everything you need to know about solar energy.]( As the world strives to reduce its dependence on fossil fuels and move toward more sustainable forms of energy, [solar energy is something everybody wants to tap into](. A perennial energy source, sunlight is available in most parts of the world for significant periods of time in the day. To harvest this energy you need specialized equipment, and solar panels are the most commonly used method. If you do not know how they work, what they are made from, or how much energy they can generate, this is a basic guide to get you started. [READ MORE [Arrow]]( [CULTURE]CULTURE [The fungus in ‘The Last of Us’ isn't fictional. Could it infect humans?]( Only one episode of The Last of Us has been aired so far, and [everybody is already talking about the zombie fungus that ended the world]( as we know it today. For a world still feeling the pandemic's effects, the natural question is, could it be real? Ophiocordyceps is the name given to the genus of fungi capable of such capabilities and it’s been known for nearly a century. British mycologist Tom Petch described them way back in 1931, and science today has on record at least 140 species of these fungi that infect insects. [READ MORE [Arrow]]( [MAIL & MUSINGS]MAIL & MUSINGS Scientists solve 500-year-old mystery of Leonardo's paradox. Do you think this is one of many ancient paradoxes that scientists will be able to solve as technology advances? [Yes, absolutely]( [No, I don’t think so]( [In some cases, possibly]( [I am unsure either way]( YESTERDAY'S RESULTS Yesterday, we asked you what else you think the world’s biggest plane might primarily be used for, and 44 percent of you said scientific research. 44% Scientific research 32% Other military purposes 15% Delivering aid 8% Something else entirely [QUOTE OF THE DAY]QUOTE OF THE DAY “There are three classes of people: those who see, those who see when they are shown, those who do not see.” Leonardo da Vinci. [9 techie Valentine's Day gifts that'll make her crazy about you]( [THINGS WE LOVE]THINGS WE LOVE [image]( [Micky Upholstered Armchair]( [image]( [Astrohaus Freewrite Traveler]( [image]( [Football Floating Helmet]( [image]( [Spurgeon Bathroom Vanity]( [AND ANOTHER THING]AND ANOTHER THING - LightSail 2 proves [flight by light is possible]( then passes the torch to NASA. [premium] - [Chicken DNA is replacing the genetics]( of their ancestral jungle fowl. (Science News) - FIFA World Cup in Qatar: It was ['the hand of God' vs. the hand of technology](. [premium] - Fresh ideas about the [causes of depression]( are bringing new treatments. (New Scientist) - US [hypersonic missile 'Mayhem']( gets a boost from Kratos. - Armored dinos [may have used tail clubs]( to bash each other. (SN Explores) - [China's new hyperloop train]( successfully completes first test runs. [Subscribe to IE+ today.]( Prepared by Alice Cooke Enjoy Reading? Forward this email to a friend. 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