The Evening Wrap: Maratha quota law ruled unconstitutional

The Hindu Newsletter - The biggest news stories from today [logo] The Evening Wrap Wednesday | 05 May, 2021 [The Hindu logo] Welcome to the Evening Wrap newsletter, your guide to the day’s biggest stories with concise analysis from The Hindu. [[Arrow]Open in browser]( [[Mail icon]More newsletters]( Maratha quota law unconstitutional, rules Supreme Court A five-judge Constitution Bench of the [Supreme Court on Wednesday unanimously declared]( a Maharashtra law which [provides reservation benefits to the Maratha community](, taking the quota limit in the State in excess of 50%, as unconstitutional. The Bench, led by Justice Ashok Bhushan, found there was no “exceptional circumstances” or “extraordinary situation” in Maharashtra that required the Maharashtra government to break the 50% ceiling limit to bestow quota benefits on the Maratha community. The Supreme Court struck down the findings of the Justice N.G. Gaikwad Commission, which had led to the enactment of the Maratha quota law, and set aside the Bombay High Court judgment that had validated the Maharashtra State Reservation for Socially and Educationally Backward Classes (SEBC) Act of 2018. The High Court had, in June 2019, reduced the quantum of reservation for Marathas from the 16% recommended by the Gaikwad Commission to 12% in education and 13% in employment. The Supreme Court concluded that even the reduced percentages of reservation granted by the High Court were ultra vires. In fact, the Supreme Court held that a separate reservation for the Maratha community violates Articles 14 (right to equality) and 21 (due process of law). Most notably, the Supreme Court declined to re-visit its 1992 Indira Sawhney judgment, which had fixed the reservation limit at 50%. “We don’t find any substance to revisit the Indira Sawhney judgment or referring it to a larger bench. The judgment has been upheld by at least four Constitution Benches,” Justice Ashok Bhushan said, reading from his lead opinion on the question of validity of the Maratha quota law. In 1992, a nine-judge Bench of the court had drawn the “Lakshman rekha” for reservation in jobs and education at 50%, except in “extraordinary circumstances”. However, over the years, several States like Maharashtra and Tamil Nadu have crossed the rubicon and passed laws which allow reservations above 60%. Justice Bhushan said that appointments made under the Maratha quota following the Bombay HC judgment endorsing the State law would hold, but they would get no further benefits. Students already admitted under the Maratha quota law would continue. [underlineimg] SC asks Centre, Delhi govt to learn from Maharashtra and BMC how to manage oxygen supply The Supreme Court on May 5 [ordered the Centre to burn the midnight oil and prepare a “comprehensive plan” for the supply of 700 MT of life-saving oxygen to Delhi]( on a daily basis. The plan, which has to be handed over to the court in the form of a tabulated chart at 10.30 a.m. on May 6, should identify the sources of supply of oxygen to Delhi, and the provisions for transport and logistical arrangements, including distribution points for oxygen. [ Family members of COVID-19 patients wait outside an oxygen-filling centre to refill empty cylinders in New Delhi on May 5, 2021. ] The court orally urged Solicitor General Tushar Mehta, representing the Centre, to comply with the April 30 order of the Supreme Court and ensure that Delhi received 700 MT oxygen by May 5 midnight. According to the Centre, Delhi had received 351 MT of oxygen till noon. The Bench, however, stayed a Delhi High Court order initiating contempt action against the Centre’s officers for the continued shortfall in the supply of oxygen to Delhi, which is battling a devastating second wave of Covid-19. “Hauling officers up for contempt will not bring oxygen to Delhi,” Justice Chandrachud reasoned. “Contempt is when something is done absolutely willfully... This is a national crisis, nobody can dispute that the Centre has not done anything... But still what is your plan for distribution and assessment of requirement of oxygen?” Justice Shah asked Mehta. The court asked the Centre and the Delhi government officials to get the help of Maharashtra government and consult with Brihanmumbai Municipal Corporation, especially its Commissioner Iqbal Singh Chahal. The court asked the Centre to take a leaf from Maharashtra’s successful management of oxygen supply and creation of storage tanks when the active caseload was up to 92,000 in Mumbai. Mehta agreed there was nothing wrong for the Centre to consult the municipal body. “Yes... these shared experiences can be put to use in Delhi. The administrative experiences of Mumbai can be replicated in Delhi to the extent feasible...If densely populated Mumbai could install storage tanks, it can certainly be done in Delhi," Justice Chandrachud replied. The court asked why the Centre and Delhi government did not devise a mechanism to tell people “upfront and on a transparent basis that there will be so much allocation of oxygen today, so much distribution, this is the availability of tankers and this is when the oxygen train will arrive.” He added, “Please publicise. Let people know.” [underlineimg] Third wave of pandemic is inevitable, says principal scientific advisor K. VijayRaghavan, Principal Scientific Advisor, while addressing the media during the Health Ministry’s briefing said that [a third wave was inevitable in the country](. The second wave was expected, he said, while adding that a third wave was inevitable. “We have to be prepared and vaccine updates are needed,” he said. [ ] He said it is vital that people persisted with Covid-appropriate behaviour as the virus-variants don’t change their fundamental behaviour. He said the vaccines were effective as of now. Meanwhile, Lav Agarwal, Joint Health Secretary, said that Maharashtra, Uttar Pradesh, Delhi and Gujarat have recorded a dip in daily cases recorded. However, an increase in the number of daily cases was noted in States like Kerala, Tamil Nadu, Andhra Pradesh, West Bengal, Bihar, Haryana and Punjab, among others. The Joint Health Secretary noted the rise in cases in cities like Bengaluru, Ernakulam, Kannur and Kanpur among others as alarming. [underlineimg] Covid-19 scare at G7 meeting after two members of Jaishankar’s delegation test positive The Group of Seven (G7) foreign ministers’ meeting in London was hit by a Covid-19 scare on Wednesday when India’s foreign minister and his entire team said they were self-isolating after [two delegation members tested positive](. Britain is hosting the three-day meeting -- the first such G-7 event in two years -- which has been heavily billed as a chance to restart face-to-face diplomacy and an opportunity for the West to show a united front against threats from China and Russia. India is attending the G7 as a guest and had been due to take part in meetings on Tuesday evening and throughout Wednesday. “Was made aware yesterday evening of exposure to possible Covid positive cases,” Indian Foreign Minister Subrahmanyam Jaishankar said on Twitter. “As a measure of abundant caution and also out of consideration for others, I decided to conduct my engagements in the virtual mode. That will be the case with the G7 Meeting today as well.” The meeting is a precursor to the main G7 summit due to take place at a rural English resort in June, with U.S. President Joe Biden and other world leaders set to attend. A British official confirmed the two positive tests and said the entire Indian delegation was self-isolating. British rules require a 10-day self-isolation period. The Indian delegation had not yet attended the main summit venue at Lancaster House, and so meetings scheduled for Wednesday went ahead as planned. Asked if, in light of the positive tests, it had been a mistake to hold the summit in person, Prime Minister Boris Johnson said, “I think it’s very important to try to continue as much business as you can as a government.” Johnson said he would speak with Jaishankar later on Wednesday by Zoom. Jaishankar was pictured meeting British interior minister Priti Patel on Tuesday, although Patel did not have to self-isolate because the meeting had been held in line with existing rules. Both were wearing masks in the photograph. India is not a G7 member but was invited by Britain to this week’s summit, along with Australia, South Africa and South Korea. [underlineimg] Mamata sworn in Chief Minister for third time Trinamool Congress (TMC) chairperson [Mamata Banerjee was on May 5 sworn in as the Chief Minister of West Bengal](. She was administered the oath of office by Governor Jagdeep Dhankhar. She has assumed the office of Chief Minister for the third time in a row. The TMC had won 213 seats in the 294-member Assembly in the recent election. The party’s vote share was also at an all-time high of 47.9 %. TMC legislators had unanimously elected Banerjee as leader. “I want to thank all the people of the State, ‘Maa, Maati Manus’ of West Bengal. There were many in the country and across the world whose eyes were on West Bengal,” she said after being sworn in. Banerjee said that her first priority would be to contain the Covid-19 crisis. She also appealed for peace and ending the post-poll violence. “I will appeal to all political parties to maintain peace. Take proper care that there is no violence. West Bengal does not like violence, and I do not support violence,” she said. [underlineimg] Covid Watch: Numbers and Developments The [number of reported coronavirus cases from India]( stood at 2,10,04,784 at the time of publishing this newsletter, with the death toll at 2,29,180. [underlineimg] In Brief Former U.S. President [Donald Trump won’t return to Facebook]( — for now. The social network’s quasi-independent Oversight Board voted to uphold his ban from the platform after his account was suspended four months ago for inciting violence that led to the deadly January 6 Capitol riot. While uploading the suspension, the board faulted Facebook for the way it made the decision. The board said the ongoing risk of serious violence justified Facebook’s suspension at the time, but said it “was not appropriate for Facebook to impose an ‘indefinite’ suspension.” Tamil Nadu Governor Banwarilal Purohit on Wednesday [appointed DMK president M.K. Stalin as the Chief Minister]( and invited him to form the government in the State on May 7. Earlier, Stalin called on Purohit in the Raj Bhavan and staked claim to form the government. Stalin handed over the letter of his election as leader of the DMK Legislature Party. The sixth batch of [three Rafale fighter jets departed from France]( on May 5 and will arrive in India later in the evening. With these, the Indian Air Force (IAF) will have 20 Rafales in service. Last month, during a five-day visit to France, IAF chief Air Chief Marshal RKS Bhadauria flagged off the fifth batch of three jets from the Merignac air base. The fifth ferry marked the end of training of the third batch of pilots and all maintenance crew, ACM Bhadauria had said then. [underlineimg] Evening Wrap will return tomorrow. Today's Top Picks [[ Kerala had the highest number of winning candidates with criminal cases. File photo of a voting booth for representation. ] Over half newly-elected MLAs have criminal cases]( [[ A man shows the cracks on a wall at an apartment building in Guwahati on April 28, 2021, after a strong earthquake hit Assam in northeastern India, damaging buildings, but there were no immediate reports of casualties. ] Unfamiliar lineament among Assam earthquake factors]( [[ White-rumped vulture ] Why vultures are important to protect nature]( [[ ] 25 years of ‘Indian’: Meet ‘Aasaan’ Rajendran, who taught ‘varmakkalai’ to Kamal Haasan]( Copyright @ 2021, THG PUBLISHING PVT LTD. 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