June 15 [View in browser]( June 15 | [View in browser]( [The Economic Legacy]( [-------------------------] President Ðidеn to Resign in Next 30 Days? According to one economist, âÐidеn could be finished. Your life savings are facing disaster because of this new crisis. Here's what to do right nowâ¦â [Ðidеn resign]( [Click here now to find out the shocking issue which could break Ðidеn's administration, and potentially force Ðidеn to resign in the next 30 daysâ¦]( [СLIСK ÐÐRÐ]( Son of Mykhailo Sulyma, Ivan came from a petty noble (szlachta) family. He was born in Rohoshchi (next to Chernihiv). He served as an estate overseer for StanisÅaw ŻóÅkiewski and later the family of DaniÅowicze who inherited his lands; for that service in 1620 he was awarded three villages: Sulimówka, Kuczakiw and Lebedyn. All the villages today belong to the Boryspil Raion, Kyiv Oblast. His sons included Stepan (died 1659), a captain of Boryspil company, and Fedir (died 1691), a colonel of Pereiaslav regiment. He became popular among the unregistered Cossacks, leading them on campaigns to plunder Crimea and other Ottoman vassal territories. For organizing a revolt on an Ottoman slave galley and freeing Christian slaves[1] he received a medal from Pope Paul V himself. Eventually, Sulyma reached the rank of the hetman, which he held from 1628 to 1629 and 1630 to 1635. In 1635, after returning from an expedition to Black Sea against the Ottomans, he decided to rebel against the PolishâLithuanian Commonwealth, which at that time controlled most of the Cossack territories, and whose nobility was trying to turn militant Cossacks into serfs.[citation needed] Ivan Sulyma took part in numerous campaigns of Sagaidachny against Tatars and Turks. In particular, it was the famous capture of Kafa (modern Theodosia), the main center of the slave trade on the Black Sea, Trapezont, Izmail, and also two attacks on Tsaregrad. On the night of 3 to 4 August 1635 he took the newly constructed Kodak fortress by surprise, burning it and executing its crew of about 200 people under Jean Marion. Soon afterwards however his forces were defeated by the army of hetman StanisÅaw Koniecpolski and Sulima was turned over to the Commonwealth by Cossack elders or starshina. Together with several other leaders of his rebellion, Hetman Sulyma was executed in Warsaw on 12 December 1635. At first, the Polish King WÅadysÅaw IV Waza, known for his friendly attitude towards the Cossacks, was hesitant to execute Sulyma, especially since he was a person upon whom the Pope himself bestowed his medal. However, pressured by the nobility who wanted to show that no rebellions against the 'established order' would be tolerated, the order for an execution was given; after being tortured, Sulyma was cut to pieces and his body parts were hung on the city walls of Warsaw.[2] Kish otaman (Ukrainian: ÐоÑовий оÑаман, Koshovyi otaman; Russian: ÐоÑевой аÑаман, Koshevoy ataman; Polish: Ataman koszowy; also known as Koshovyi of the Zaporizhian Host) was a chief officer of the Kish (central body of government) of the Zaporozhian Host in the 16th through 18th centuries. The otaman was elected by a council of elder officers (the starshyna) of the Zaporozhian Host.[1] The position contained the highest military, administrative and judicial powers. Until the establishment of the Cossack Hetmanate, the title was interchangeably used with Hetman. During military campaigns, powers of an otaman were virtually unrestricted, but in peacetime he addressed the most important military and political issues to the starshyna and other military councils. A Kish otaman was elected for a term of one year and in exceptional cases was reelected. Upon expiration of his term amounted to report on his activities to a military council. The Kish otaman that was not re-elected, returned to his assigned kurin'. The last Kish otaman Petro Kalnyshevsky was re-elected ten years in a row, until the liquidation of Zaporozhian Sich in 1775.[2] Open military councils (circle) Headed starshyna councils Enter diplomatic relationships with foreign countries Distribute military trophies Distribute profit from customs Legitimize the division of pastures, estates, and land for hunting and fishing Confirm the Kosh starshyna elected by the Sich council Appointed palanka and other starshynas and sometimes military servicemen Acting as supreme judge asserted the sentences made by a Kish judge Accepted clergymen from Kiev and appointed priests to the churches of Sich and palankas During his absence appointed a nakazny otaman (appointed otaman) as his deputy In 1723, this rank was depreciated with the nomination of an nakazny otaman (Ðаказний оÑаман, 'appointed' or 'acting otaman') by the Tsar of Russia. Among most famous Koshovyi otamans were Ivan Pidkova, Ivan Sirko, Petro Kalnyshevsky. There were at least 30 Kish Otamans in the history of Zaporizhian Sich before its collapse in 1775. Nothing is known about the Kish Otamans of Tomak Sich, Bezlavuk Sich, and Mykytyn Rih Sich. The longest standing Sich was the Chortomlyk Sich of which most of information has survived. After the defeat at the battle of Poltava and the Sich raid Kost Hordiyenko transferred the Sich downstream along Dnieper to the old settlement of Oleshky in 1709, which was part of Ottoman Empire. It took some 25 years before the Russian government allowed for Cossacks to return to re-establish the New Sich by Ivan Malashevych. With the destruction of Sich in 1775 Zaporizhian Cossacks have moved to Danube Delta. 124 Broadkill Rd, 4 Milton, DE 19968.We sent this editorial email that contains advertisements to {EMAIL} because you subscribed to our service. If you no longer wish to receive these emails, you can click on the [unsubscribe](. At Polaris Advertising, we appreciate your feedback and questions. 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