Edition: US - Today's top story: Brain-imaging modern people making Stone Age tools hints at evolution of human intelligence [Click here to view this message in your web-browser](.
Edition: US
9 May 2017
[[The Conversation]Academic rigor, journalistic flair](
Editor's note
How can we figure out how the brains of our long distant ancestors worked millions of years ago? All they left behind are some fossilized bones and some stone tools, making it hard to know much definitive about their cognitive processes, including when language first emerged. But maybe those aren’t the only clues we have. Indiana University’s Shelby Putt hooked modern humans – like you – up to brain imaging devices as they worked to make various stone tools. The idea is that we can zero in on what kind of [brainpower is necessary to complete these tool-making tasks]( whether performed today or by our ancient predecessors.
In Germany – a country where going to the theater is more popular than going to soccer matches – the Syrian refugee crisis has been a fertile subject for playwrights. As Stanford University’s Emily Goodling explains, this is largely the result of [Germany’s unique political “theaterkultur,”]( which for decades has blurred the lines between activism and art.
Closer to home, political scientist Jose Miguel Cruz traces the complex origins of the notorious, transnational gang MS-13 to [the streets of Los Angeles in the 1980s](. “Despite what President Donald Trump and Attorney General Sessions have claimed,” he writes, “lax immigration policies are not what allowed MS-13 and other Central American gangs to form in the U.S.”
Maggie Villiger
Senior Editor, Science + Technology
Top story
The stone flakes are flying, but what brain regions are firing? Shelby S. Putt
[Brain-imaging modern people making Stone Age tools hints at evolution of human intelligence](
Shelby Putt, Indiana University
We can't observe the brain activity of extinct human species. But we can observe modern brains doing the things that our distant ancestors did, looking for clues about how ancient brains worked.
Arts + Culture
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[How the refugee crisis is playing out on the German stage](
Emily S. Goodling, Stanford University
In Germany – a country where going to the theater is a deeply ingrained cultural tradition – the stage is a place to confront pressing political issues.
Politics + Society
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[Central American gangs like MS-13 were born out of failed anti-crime policies](
Jose Miguel Cruz, Florida International University
Trump's plans to crack down on immigration could create the same conditions that led to MS-13's birth and expansion.
Health + Medicine
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[Throwing injuries in young baseball players: Is there something we are not considering?](
Jason Zaremski, University of Florida
Injuries to the throwing arm of young baseball players have been increasing for years. Studies that assess pitch count are helping, but there are also actions that parents and coaches can take.
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[“Surgeries to reconstruct a frequent injury to a ligament in the elbow of the throwing arm – also known as Tommy John surgery – have been increasing in baseball players at all levels of play for the past 20 years.”](
Jason Zaremski
University of Florida
[Read more](
[Jason Zaremski]
Economy + Business
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[Iranian voters' economic gloom may doom President Rouhani's reelection bid](
Nader Habibi, Brandeis University
Rouhani's conservative rivals are exploiting growing pessimism about the economy, increasing the odds that someone more hostile to the West might become Iran's next president.
Environment + Energy
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[To curb climate change, we need to protect and expand US forests](
William Moomaw, Tufts University
A new report calls U.S. forests an undervalued asset for slowing climate change. It warns that they are being degraded by logging for wood, paper and fuel, particularly in the Southeast.
From Our International Editions
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[Why election loss doesn't spell au revoir for Le Pen or the Front National](
David Lees, University of Warwick
Victory for Emmanuel Macron is a blow for the far right, but there are lessons to be learnt for 2022.
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[Explainer: what's behind the high stakes in Kenya's presidential elections](
Sekou Toure Otondi, University of Nairobi
Kenya's next general election is slated for August 8 this year. As the country prepares for the polls, there are fears that political tensions will result in violence. Will history repeat itself?
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[Global warming could accelerate towards 1.5â if the Pacific gets cranky](
Ben Henley, University of Melbourne; Andrew King, University of Melbourne
If the Pacific Ocean enters an 'El Tio' phase, it could speed the world towards 1.5 degrees of global warming, one of the crucial benchmarks of the Paris Climate Agreement.
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[Emmanuel Macron has a difficult task ahead say international experts](
Donatella Della Porta, Institute of Human and Social sciences, Scuola Normale Superiore, Florence ; Balveer Arora, Jawaharlal Nehru University ; Janjira Sombatpoonsiri, Thammasat University; Luis Gómez Romero, University of Wollongong; Simon P. Watmough, European University Institute
The Conversation Global asked scholars from around the world what they thought of Emmanuel Macron's victory, and what means for their country.
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