+ What is the Synod of Bishops? US Edition - Today's top story: The most powerful space telescope ever built will look back in time to the Dark Ages of the universe [View in browser]( US Edition | 13 October 2021 [The Conversation]( First, there was the Big Bang. The universe was mind-bogglingly hot and dense and small. As the universe expanded, it cooled and everything went black. There were no stars or galaxies to produce light that would break up the immense darkness of what astronomers call the Dark Ages of the universe. But things did not stay dark forever. Some few hundred million years later, matter began to clump together and the first stars and galaxies began to form. What happened in between the Big Bang and the birth of the first stars? This is a question astronomers have wondered for decades. The James Webb Space Telescope was designed to look back in time to the first faint light that ever existed and will help astronomers understand this early era of the universe. Christopher Impey, an astronomer at the University of Arizona, explains [what the James Webb Space Telescope is looking for]( and what it might help reveal about the biggest mysteries of the universe. Also today: - [What we know about vaccines, pregnancy and babies](
- [How marijuana use affects academic performance](
- [Is a $16 food truck taco a sign of coming gentrification?]( Daniel Merino Assistant Science Editor & Co-Host of The Conversation Weekly Podcast
Hubble took pictures of the oldest galaxies it could â seen here â but the James Webb Space Telescope can go back much farther in time. NASA
[The most powerful space telescope ever built will look back in time to the Dark Ages of the universe]( Chris Impey, University of Arizona The James Webb Space Telescope is set to launch into orbit in December 2021. Its mission is to search for the first light to ever shine in the universe. Health -
[Vaccination against COVID-19 supports a healthy pregnancy by protecting both mother and child â an immunologist explains the maternal immune response]( Matthew Woodruff, Emory University In light of mounting research showing the serious risks of contracting COVID-19 during pregnancy, the CDC is re-upping its urgency that pregnant women get their shots. Arts + Culture -
[How food became the perfect beachhead for gentrification]( Pascale Joassart-Marcelli, San Diego State University Ethnic food is cheap, and it appeals to adventurous eaters. Real estate agents and investors have caught on. Politics + Society -
[Lebanonâs crisis has gone from bad to worse. But is anyone listening?]( Tony Walker, La Trobe University With fuel shortages and economic ruin causing havoc in the country, Lebanon is in dire need of help. But its supporters may have run out of patience. Ethics + Religion -
[What is the Synod of Bishops? A Catholic priest and theologian explains]( William Clark, College of the Holy Cross Pope Francis formally opened a two-year process called a âsynod on synodalityâ for the Catholic Church on Oct. 10. Education -
[How does smoking marijuana affect academic performance? Two researchers explain how it can alter more than just moods]( Jason R. Kilmer, Ph.D., University of Washington; Christine M. Lee, Ph.D., University of Washington In their quest to feel high and relax, college students who use marijuana may be setting themselves back, research consistently shows. Environment + Energy -
[Moving beyond Americaâs war on wildfire: 4 ways to avoid future megafires]( Susan Kocher, University of California, Division of Agriculture and Natural Resources; Ryan E. Tompkins, University of California, Division of Agriculture and Natural Resources Two forest researchers who evacuated their homes during 2021âs extreme wildfires explain how more forest thinning and underbrush removal can combat the rising risks created by climate change. Economy + Business -
[Tax or treat! State laws on candy taxation vary wildly]( Hayes Holderness, University of Richmond Whether you pay tax on your Halloween treat supply depends on which state you live in and how it defines candy. Trending on site -
[What is chaos? A complex systems scientist explains]( Mitchell Newberry, University of Michigan Part of the 2021 Nobel Prize in Physics was awarded for work modeling Earthâs climate using its chaotic, complex weather. To scientists, chaos lies in the gray zone between randomness and predictability. -
[Computer Space launched the video game industry 50 years ago â hereâs the real reason you probably havenât heard of it]( Noah Wardrip-Fruin, University of California, Santa Cruz The game that launched todayâs massive video game industry was not a roaring success. The oft-told story of why turns out to be off the mark. -
[Perseveranceâs first major successes on Mars â an update from mission scientists]( Melissa Rice, Western Washington University; Briony Horgan, Purdue University Perseverance and its helicopter sidekick, Ingenuity, have been on Mars for nearly nine months. The duo have taken rock samples, performed first flights and taken images of the delta in Jezero Crater. --------------------------------------------------------------- Todayâs graphic [A map of the United States color coded according to the percentage of bridges in the state rated in poor condition.]( From the story, [Rural Alaska has a bridge problem as permafrost thaws and crossing river ice gets riskier with climate change]( [The Conversation]( Youâre receiving this newsletter from [The Conversation]( 303 Wyman Street, Suite 300 Waltham, MA 02451 [Forward to a friend]( • [Unsubscribe](