Opinion Today: Democracy should not be taken for granted

Our columnist takes lessons from recent Polish history. [View in browser](~/AAAAAQA~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)|[nytimes.com](~/AAAAAQA~/RgRnpgSKP0SxaHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnl0aW1lcy5jb20vP2NhbXBhaWduX2lkPTM5JmVtYz1lZGl0X3R5XzIwMjQwMjA3Jmluc3RhbmNlX2lkPTExNDUzNSZubD1vcGluaW9uLXRvZGF5JnJlZ2lfaWQ9Nzc2NzQ5NTImc2VnbWVudF9pZD0xNTc1MjImdGU9MSZ1c2VyX2lkPWFhNDkxZWY3ZjFkOTY0ZTQ5NzlmYjc4NGU3NGUwMWQ3VwNueXRCCmW6in_DZWI0jHNSG3RyaXN0cmFtYmFsZHdpbjkwQGdtYWlsLmNvbVgEAAAAAw~~)[Continue reading the main story](#) [Ad](~/AAAAAQA~/RgRnpgSKP0SYaHR0cHM6Ly9saXZlaW50ZW50Lm5ld3lvcmt0aW1lc2luZm8uY29tL2NsaWNrP3M9MTYyMTM5JmxpPVRZJm09YWE0OTFlZjdmMWQ5NjRlNDk3OWZiNzg0ZTc0ZTAxZDcmcD1UWV8yMDI0MDIwNyZ0ZT0xJm5sPW9waW5pb24tdG9kYXkmZW1jPWVkaXRfdHlfMjAyNDAyMDdXA255dEIKZbqKf8NlYjSMc1IbdHJpc3RyYW1iYWxkd2luOTBAZ21haWwuY29tWAQAAAAD) [Opinion Today](~/AAAAAQA~/RgRnpgSKP0TAaHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnl0aW1lcy5jb20vc2VjdGlvbi9vcGluaW9uP2NhbXBhaWduX2lkPTM5JmVtYz1lZGl0X3R5XzIwMjQwMjA3Jmluc3RhbmNlX2lkPTExNDUzNSZubD1vcGluaW9uLXRvZGF5JnJlZ2lfaWQ9Nzc2NzQ5NTImc2VnbWVudF9pZD0xNTc1MjImdGU9MSZ1c2VyX2lkPWFhNDkxZWY3ZjFkOTY0ZTQ5NzlmYjc4NGU3NGUwMWQ3VwNueXRCCmW6in_DZWI0jHNSG3RyaXN0cmFtYmFsZHdpbjkwQGdtYWlsLmNvbVgEAAAAAw~~) February 7, 2024 [Author Headshot](~/AAAAAQA~/RgRnpgSKP0TFaHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnl0aW1lcy5jb20vYnkvbWljaGVsbGUtZ29sZGJlcmc_Y2FtcGFpZ25faWQ9MzkmZW1jPWVkaXRfdHlfMjAyNDAyMDcmaW5zdGFuY2VfaWQ9MTE0NTM1Jm5sPW9waW5pb24tdG9kYXkmcmVnaV9pZD03NzY3NDk1MiZzZWdtZW50X2lkPTE1NzUyMiZ0ZT0xJnVzZXJfaWQ9YWE0OTFlZjdmMWQ5NjRlNDk3OWZiNzg0ZTc0ZTAxZDdXA255dEIKZbqKf8NlYjSMc1IbdHJpc3RyYW1iYWxkd2luOTBAZ21haWwuY29tWAQAAAAD) By [Michelle Goldberg](~/AAAAAQA~/RgRnpgSKP0TFaHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnl0aW1lcy5jb20vYnkvbWljaGVsbGUtZ29sZGJlcmc_Y2FtcGFpZ25faWQ9MzkmZW1jPWVkaXRfdHlfMjAyNDAyMDcmaW5zdGFuY2VfaWQ9MTE0NTM1Jm5sPW9waW5pb24tdG9kYXkmcmVnaV9pZD03NzY3NDk1MiZzZWdtZW50X2lkPTE1NzUyMiZ0ZT0xJnVzZXJfaWQ9YWE0OTFlZjdmMWQ5NjRlNDk3OWZiNzg0ZTc0ZTAxZDdXA255dEIKZbqKf8NlYjSMc1IbdHJpc3RyYW1iYWxkd2luOTBAZ21haWwuY29tWAQAAAAD) Poland’s last election flew under the radar for a lot of people because it happened only eight days after the Hamas rampage in Israel on Oct. 7, when many who follow world news were focused on the Middle East. But as I argue in [my latest column](~/AAAAAQA~/RgRnpgSKP0TmaHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnl0aW1lcy5jb20vMjAyNC8wMi8wNi9vcGluaW9uL2Fib3J0aW9uLWJhbi1wb2xhbmQtZGVtb2NyYWN5Lmh0bWw_Y2FtcGFpZ25faWQ9MzkmZW1jPWVkaXRfdHlfMjAyNDAyMDcmaW5zdGFuY2VfaWQ9MTE0NTM1Jm5sPW9waW5pb24tdG9kYXkmcmVnaV9pZD03NzY3NDk1MiZzZWdtZW50X2lkPTE1NzUyMiZ0ZT0xJnVzZXJfaWQ9YWE0OTFlZjdmMWQ5NjRlNDk3OWZiNzg0ZTc0ZTAxZDdXA255dEIKZbqKf8NlYjSMc1IbdHJpc3RyYW1iYWxkd2luOTBAZ21haWwuY29tWAQAAAAD), the defeat of Poland’s right-wing nationalist Law and Justice Party — in a contest the party tried to rig in its own favor — was a big deal. Many people had feared that the country was going to [go the way of Hungary](~/AAAAAQA~/RgRnpgSKP4RmAWh0dHBzOi8vd3d3LmV1cm9wYXJsLmV1cm9wYS5ldS9uZXdzL2VuL3ByZXNzLXJvb20vMjAyMjA5MDlJUFI0MDEzNy9tZXBzLWh1bmdhcnktY2FuLW5vLWxvbmdlci1iZS1jb25zaWRlcmVkLWEtZnVsbC1kZW1vY3JhY3k_Y2FtcGFpZ25faWQ9MzkmZW1jPWVkaXRfdHlfMjAyNDAyMDcmaW5zdGFuY2VfaWQ9MTE0NTM1Jm5sPW9waW5pb24tdG9kYXkmcmVnaV9pZD03NzY3NDk1MiZzZWdtZW50X2lkPTE1NzUyMiZ0ZT0xJnVzZXJfaWQ9YWE0OTFlZjdmMWQ5NjRlNDk3OWZiNzg0ZTc0ZTAxZDcjOn46dGV4dD1UaGUlMjBsYWNrJTIwb2YlMjBkZWNpc2l2ZSUyMEVVLHN0YW5kYXJkcyUyMGlzJTIwYWJzZW50JTJDJTIwTUVQcyUyMHNheS5XA255dEIKZbqKf8NlYjSMc1IbdHJpc3RyYW1iYWxkd2luOTBAZ21haWwuY29tWAQAAAAD) and transform into an entrenched autocracy. Instead, people flooded the polls and gave power to a centrist, pro-European coalition. Turnout was a staggering 74 percent and, amazingly, was higher among people under 30 than among those 60 and over. Liberal Poles kept comparing the election to the one in 1989, when the Solidarity Movement triumphed over communism. I wanted to go to Poland because this turn away from populist authoritarianism seemed like a ray of light at a time when so much of the news is relentlessly grim. After Donald Trump was elected, many Americans turned to books about how liberal democracies fall apart for clues to our own fate, and Poland often featured in them. Now, I write, Poland can show us what it looks like when a democracy is revitalized. There was so much there to be inspired by, particularly the role that a backlash against a draconian abortion ban — imposed by a constitutional court of dubious legitimacy — played in spurring people to vote. “That was one of those moments when people understood, women especially, that this change in the rule of law is not just a theory, but it has specific consequences for people’s lives,” Poland’s new justice minister, Adam Bodnar, told me. But my trip was also sobering because, at a moment when we’re faced with the prospect of a second Trump term, it brought home for me how much easier it is to destroy a democracy than it is to rebuild it. Read the column: [[A woman holds a megaphone to her mouth.] Michelle Goldberg In Poland, I Saw What a Second Trump Term Could Do to America Being in Warsaw was inspiring and sobering. By Michelle Goldberg and Rafal Milach](~/AAAAAQA~/RgRnpgSKP0TmaHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnl0aW1lcy5jb20vMjAyNC8wMi8wNi9vcGluaW9uL2Fib3J0aW9uLWJhbi1wb2xhbmQtZGVtb2NyYWN5Lmh0bWw_Y2FtcGFpZ25faWQ9MzkmZW1jPWVkaXRfdHlfMjAyNDAyMDcmaW5zdGFuY2VfaWQ9MTE0NTM1Jm5sPW9waW5pb24tdG9kYXkmcmVnaV9pZD03NzY3NDk1MiZzZWdtZW50X2lkPTE1NzUyMiZ0ZT0xJnVzZXJfaWQ9YWE0OTFlZjdmMWQ5NjRlNDk3OWZiNzg0ZTc0ZTAxZDdXA255dEIKZbqKf8NlYjSMc1IbdHJpc3RyYW1iYWxkd2luOTBAZ21haWwuY29tWAQAAAAD)[Continue reading the main story](#a11y-skip-universal-0) ADVERTISEMENT [Ad](~/AAAAAQA~/RgRnpgSKP0SXaHR0cHM6Ly9saXZlaW50ZW50Lm5ld3lvcmt0aW1lc2luZm8uY29tL2NsaWNrP3M9NTk3ODUmbGk9VFkmbT1hYTQ5MWVmN2YxZDk2NGU0OTc5ZmI3ODRlNzRlMDFkNyZwPVRZXzIwMjQwMjA3JnRlPTEmbmw9b3Bpbmlvbi10b2RheSZlbWM9ZWRpdF90eV8yMDI0MDIwN1cDbnl0Qgpluop_w2ViNIxzUht0cmlzdHJhbWJhbGR3aW45MEBnbWFpbC5jb21YBAAAAAM~) Here’s what we’re focusing on today: Editors’ Picks [Guest Essay We Need to Restore the Soul of New York City The city is rewriting its antiquated zoning code. We should seize the chance to create a metropolis of opportunity that evolves with the times. 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By Gershom Gorenberg](~/AAAAAQA~/RgRnpgSKP0TnaHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnl0aW1lcy5jb20vMjAyNC8wMi8wNy9vcGluaW9uL2lzcmFlbC1kZW1vY3JhY3ktbmV0YW55YWh1LXdhci5odG1sP2NhbXBhaWduX2lkPTM5JmVtYz1lZGl0X3R5XzIwMjQwMjA3Jmluc3RhbmNlX2lkPTExNDUzNSZubD1vcGluaW9uLXRvZGF5JnJlZ2lfaWQ9Nzc2NzQ5NTImc2VnbWVudF9pZD0xNTc1MjImdGU9MSZ1c2VyX2lkPWFhNDkxZWY3ZjFkOTY0ZTQ5NzlmYjc4NGU3NGUwMWQ3VwNueXRCCmW6in_DZWI0jHNSG3RyaXN0cmFtYmFsZHdpbjkwQGdtYWlsLmNvbVgEAAAAAw~~) [Illustration of flowers sprouting from a clenched fist.](~/AAAAAQA~/RgRnpgSKP0TnaHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnl0aW1lcy5jb20vMjAyNC8wMi8wNy9vcGluaW9uL2lzcmFlbC1kZW1vY3JhY3ktbmV0YW55YWh1LXdhci5odG1sP2NhbXBhaWduX2lkPTM5JmVtYz1lZGl0X3R5XzIwMjQwMjA3Jmluc3RhbmNlX2lkPTExNDUzNSZubD1vcGluaW9uLXRvZGF5JnJlZ2lfaWQ9Nzc2NzQ5NTImc2VnbWVudF9pZD0xNTc1MjImdGU9MSZ1c2VyX2lkPWFhNDkxZWY3ZjFkOTY0ZTQ5NzlmYjc4NGU3NGUwMWQ3VwNueXRCCmW6in_DZWI0jHNSG3RyaXN0cmFtYmFsZHdpbjkwQGdtYWlsLmNvbVgEAAAAAw~~)[Continue reading the main story](#a11y-skip-universal-0) ADVERTISEMENT [Ad](~/AAAAAQA~/RgRnpgSKP0SYaHR0cHM6Ly9saXZlaW50ZW50Lm5ld3lvcmt0aW1lc2luZm8uY29tL2NsaWNrP3M9MjAxODEyJmxpPVRZJm09YWE0OTFlZjdmMWQ5NjRlNDk3OWZiNzg0ZTc0ZTAxZDcmcD1UWV8yMDI0MDIwNyZ0ZT0xJm5sPW9waW5pb24tdG9kYXkmZW1jPWVkaXRfdHlfMjAyNDAyMDdXA255dEIKZbqKf8NlYjSMc1IbdHJpc3RyYW1iYWxkd2luOTBAZ21haWwuY29tWAQAAAAD) [The Constitution Barely Survives the Mayorkas Vote Only three Republicans seemed to understand how the impeachment process is supposed to work. By David Firestone](~/AAAAAQA~/RgRnpgSKP0TtaHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnl0aW1lcy5jb20vbGl2ZS8yMDI0LzAyLzA2L29waW5pb24vdGhlcG9pbnQvbWF5b3JrYXMtaW1wZWFjaG1lbnQtcmVzdWx0P2NhbXBhaWduX2lkPTM5JmVtYz1lZGl0X3R5XzIwMjQwMjA3Jmluc3RhbmNlX2lkPTExNDUzNSZubD1vcGluaW9uLXRvZGF5JnJlZ2lfaWQ9Nzc2NzQ5NTImc2VnbWVudF9pZD0xNTc1MjImdGU9MSZ1c2VyX2lkPWFhNDkxZWY3ZjFkOTY0ZTQ5NzlmYjc4NGU3NGUwMWQ3VwNueXRCCmW6in_DZWI0jHNSG3RyaXN0cmFtYmFsZHdpbjkwQGdtYWlsLmNvbVgEAAAAAw~~) [Article Image](~/AAAAAQA~/RgRnpgSKP0TtaHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnl0aW1lcy5jb20vbGl2ZS8yMDI0LzAyLzA2L29waW5pb24vdGhlcG9pbnQvbWF5b3JrYXMtaW1wZWFjaG1lbnQtcmVzdWx0P2NhbXBhaWduX2lkPTM5JmVtYz1lZGl0X3R5XzIwMjQwMjA3Jmluc3RhbmNlX2lkPTExNDUzNSZubD1vcGluaW9uLXRvZGF5JnJlZ2lfaWQ9Nzc2NzQ5NTImc2VnbWVudF9pZD0xNTc1MjImdGU9MSZ1c2VyX2lkPWFhNDkxZWY3ZjFkOTY0ZTQ5NzlmYjc4NGU3NGUwMWQ3VwNueXRCCmW6in_DZWI0jHNSG3RyaXN0cmFtYmFsZHdpbjkwQGdtYWlsLmNvbVgEAAAAAw~~) [Donald Trump, the World’s Most Dangerous Pop Star He was never just a presidential candidate. By Anna Marks and Vishakha Darbha](~/AAAAAQA~/RgRnpgSKP0TeaHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnl0aW1lcy5jb20vMjAyNC8wMi8wNy9vcGluaW9uL2RvbmFsZC10cnVtcC1wb3Atc3Rhci5odG1sP2NhbXBhaWduX2lkPTM5JmVtYz1lZGl0X3R5XzIwMjQwMjA3Jmluc3RhbmNlX2lkPTExNDUzNSZubD1vcGluaW9uLXRvZGF5JnJlZ2lfaWQ9Nzc2NzQ5NTImc2VnbWVudF9pZD0xNTc1MjImdGU9MSZ1c2VyX2lkPWFhNDkxZWY3ZjFkOTY0ZTQ5NzlmYjc4NGU3NGUwMWQ3VwNueXRCCmW6in_DZWI0jHNSG3RyaXN0cmFtYmFsZHdpbjkwQGdtYWlsLmNvbVgEAAAAAw~~) [A photo of Donald Trump speaking into a microphone, reproduced in red on a cream background.](~/AAAAAQA~/RgRnpgSKP0TeaHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnl0aW1lcy5jb20vMjAyNC8wMi8wNy9vcGluaW9uL2RvbmFsZC10cnVtcC1wb3Atc3Rhci5odG1sP2NhbXBhaWduX2lkPTM5JmVtYz1lZGl0X3R5XzIwMjQwMjA3Jmluc3RhbmNlX2lkPTExNDUzNSZubD1vcGluaW9uLXRvZGF5JnJlZ2lfaWQ9Nzc2NzQ5NTImc2VnbWVudF9pZD0xNTc1MjImdGU9MSZ1c2VyX2lkPWFhNDkxZWY3ZjFkOTY0ZTQ5NzlmYjc4NGU3NGUwMWQ3VwNueXRCCmW6in_DZWI0jHNSG3RyaXN0cmFtYmFsZHdpbjkwQGdtYWlsLmNvbVgEAAAAAw~~) [Paul Krugman Trump, Immigration and the Lump of Labor Fallacy Neither machines nor immigrants take away Americans’ jobs. By Paul Krugman](~/AAAAAQA~/RgRnpgSKP0ToaHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnl0aW1lcy5jb20vMjAyNC8wMi8wNi9vcGluaW9uL3RydW1wLWltbWlncmF0aW9uLWx1bXAtb2YtbGFib3IuaHRtbD9jYW1wYWlnbl9pZD0zOSZlbWM9ZWRpdF90eV8yMDI0MDIwNyZpbnN0YW5jZV9pZD0xMTQ1MzUmbmw9b3Bpbmlvbi10b2RheSZyZWdpX2lkPTc3Njc0OTUyJnNlZ21lbnRfaWQ9MTU3NTIyJnRlPTEmdXNlcl9pZD1hYTQ5MWVmN2YxZDk2NGU0OTc5ZmI3ODRlNzRlMDFkN1cDbnl0Qgpluop_w2ViNIxzUht0cmlzdHJhbWJhbGR3aW45MEBnbWFpbC5jb21YBAAAAAM~) [A photo illustration of three workers circling around two plush leather office chairs, as if playing musical chairs, against a green background. ](~/AAAAAQA~/RgRnpgSKP0ToaHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnl0aW1lcy5jb20vMjAyNC8wMi8wNi9vcGluaW9uL3RydW1wLWltbWlncmF0aW9uLWx1bXAtb2YtbGFib3IuaHRtbD9jYW1wYWlnbl9pZD0zOSZlbWM9ZWRpdF90eV8yMDI0MDIwNyZpbnN0YW5jZV9pZD0xMTQ1MzUmbmw9b3Bpbmlvbi10b2RheSZyZWdpX2lkPTc3Njc0OTUyJnNlZ21lbnRfaWQ9MTU3NTIyJnRlPTEmdXNlcl9pZD1hYTQ5MWVmN2YxZDk2NGU0OTc5ZmI3ODRlNzRlMDFkN1cDbnl0Qgpluop_w2ViNIxzUht0cmlzdHJhbWJhbGR3aW45MEBnbWFpbC5jb21YBAAAAAM~) [letters Desperate Migrants Seeking a New Life Readers discuss the surge of migrants seeking asylum in the U.S. Also: Palestinian suffering and Israeli dilemmas; the moon’s mystique.](~/AAAAAQA~/RgRnpgSKP0TdaHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnl0aW1lcy5jb20vMjAyNC8wMi8wNi9vcGluaW9uL2ltbWlncmF0aW9uLW1pZ3JhbnRzLmh0bWw_Y2FtcGFpZ25faWQ9MzkmZW1jPWVkaXRfdHlfMjAyNDAyMDcmaW5zdGFuY2VfaWQ9MTE0NTM1Jm5sPW9waW5pb24tdG9kYXkmcmVnaV9pZD03NzY3NDk1MiZzZWdtZW50X2lkPTE1NzUyMiZ0ZT0xJnVzZXJfaWQ9YWE0OTFlZjdmMWQ5NjRlNDk3OWZiNzg0ZTc0ZTAxZDdXA255dEIKZbqKf8NlYjSMc1IbdHJpc3RyYW1iYWxkd2luOTBAZ21haWwuY29tWAQAAAAD) [Article Image](~/AAAAAQA~/RgRnpgSKP0TdaHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnl0aW1lcy5jb20vMjAyNC8wMi8wNi9vcGluaW9uL2ltbWlncmF0aW9uLW1pZ3JhbnRzLmh0bWw_Y2FtcGFpZ25faWQ9MzkmZW1jPWVkaXRfdHlfMjAyNDAyMDcmaW5zdGFuY2VfaWQ9MTE0NTM1Jm5sPW9waW5pb24tdG9kYXkmcmVnaV9pZD03NzY3NDk1MiZzZWdtZW50X2lkPTE1NzUyMiZ0ZT0xJnVzZXJfaWQ9YWE0OTFlZjdmMWQ5NjRlNDk3OWZiNzg0ZTc0ZTAxZDdXA255dEIKZbqKf8NlYjSMc1IbdHJpc3RyYW1iYWxkd2luOTBAZ21haWwuY29tWAQAAAAD) We hope you’ve enjoyed this newsletter, which is made possible through subscriber support. 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