The Morning: Gaza’s vital tunnels

Plus, a Trump gag order, American gun violence and tributes to Matthew Perry. 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We’re covering the crucial tunnel network under Gaza — as well as a Trump gag order, American gun violence and tributes to Matthew Perry. A Palestinian fighter in a Gaza tunnel last year.Mohammed Saber/EPA, via Shutterstock A maze of tunnels There is a transportation network below Gaza, one that Israel is trying to destroy. The network is made up of tunnels, where most Hamas fighters are likely living alongside stockpiles of weapons, food, water and, now, more than 200 Israeli hostages. Parts of the tunnels are large enough for vehicles to drive in them. The Israeli military first launched an intense air attack targeting these tunnels and [has now sent in ground troops](~/AAAAAQA~/RgRnIgvJP4QMAWh0dHBzOi8vd3d3Lm55dGltZXMuY29tL2xpdmUvMjAyMy8xMC8zMC93b3JsZC8taXNyYWVsLWhhbWFzLXdhci1nYXphLW5ld3MvaGVyZS1pcy10aGUtbGF0ZXN0LW9uLXRoZS13YXI_Y2FtcGFpZ25faWQ9OSZlbWM9ZWRpdF9ubl8yMDIzMTAzMCZpbnN0YW5jZV9pZD0xMDY0NDMmbmw9dGhlLW1vcm5pbmcmcmVnaV9pZD03NzY3NDk1MiZzZWdtZW50X2lkPTE0ODY2NSZzbWlkPXVybC1zaGFyZSZ0ZT0xJnVzZXJfaWQ9YWE0OTFlZjdmMWQ5NjRlNDk3OWZiNzg0ZTc0ZTAxZDdXA255dEIKZTzJhj9lYsmWOFIbdHJpc3RyYW1iYWxkd2luOTBAZ21haWwuY29tWAQAAAAD) to destroy them. Eliminating the tunnels would go long way toward breaking Hamas’s control over Gaza. In today’s newsletter, we’ll explain why the tunnel network is so important — and why Israel will not have an easy time dismantling it. ‘The metro’ Tunnels have existed under Gaza for years. But after Israel withdrew its forces and settlers from Gaza nearly two decades ago, Hamas vastly expanded the underground network. Hamas has a long history of terrorist violence — both the U.S. and the European Union consider it a terrorist group — and the tunnels allow its members to hide from Israeli air attacks. Israel created further incentive for tunnel construction by tightening the blockade of Gaza after 2007. The main rationale for the blockade was to keep out weapons and related material, but Israel’s definition is so broad that the blockade also restricted the flow of basic items. In response, Gazans have used the tunnels — which extend south into Egypt — to smuggle in food, goods, people and weapons. Some people refer to the hundreds of miles of tunnels as “the metro.” ([This story](~/AAAAAQA~/RgRnIgvJP0TpaHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnl0aW1lcy5jb20vMjAyMy8xMC8yOC91cy9wb2xpdGljcy9nYXphcy10dW5uZWxzLWlzcmFlbC1ncm91bmQtd2FyLmh0bWw_Y2FtcGFpZ25faWQ9OSZlbWM9ZWRpdF9ubl8yMDIzMTAzMCZpbnN0YW5jZV9pZD0xMDY0NDMmbmw9dGhlLW1vcm5pbmcmcmVnaV9pZD03NzY3NDk1MiZzZWdtZW50X2lkPTE0ODY2NSZ0ZT0xJnVzZXJfaWQ9YWE0OTFlZjdmMWQ5NjRlNDk3OWZiNzg0ZTc0ZTAxZDdXA255dEIKZTzJhj9lYsmWOFIbdHJpc3RyYW1iYWxkd2luOTBAZ21haWwuY29tWAQAAAAD), by our colleagues Adam Goldman, Helene Cooper and Justin Scheck, has more details.) Egypt’s government has also viewed the tunnels as a security threat. A decade ago, Egypt tried to destroy some tunnels along its border with Gaza, by dumping sewage into them and leveling houses that concealed entrances, as Joel Roskin, a geology professor at Bar-Ilan University in Israel, told our colleagues. In the current war, Hamas will use the tunnels to hide and to attack Israeli soldiers from unexpected places. “By using the tunnels, the enemy can surround and attack us from behind,” said Col. Amir Olo, the former commander of the elite Israeli engineering unit in charge of dismantling tunnels. The civilian toll The battle over the tunnels is a major reason that this war already has a high civilian death toll. More than two million people live above the tunnels — a layer of human life between many Hamas targets and Israeli missiles. Hamas has hidden many weapons under [hospitals, schools and mosques](~/AAAAAQA~/RgRnIgvJP4QWAWh0dHBzOi8vd3d3Lndhc2hpbmd0b25wb3N0LmNvbS9uZXdzL21vcm5pbmctbWl4L3dwLzIwMTQvMDcvMzEvd2h5LWhhbWFzLXN0b3Jlcy1pdHMtd2VhcG9ucy1pbnNpZGUtaG9zcGl0YWxzLW1vc3F1ZXMtYW5kLXNjaG9vbHMvP2NhbXBhaWduX2lkPTkmZW1jPWVkaXRfbm5fMjAyMzEwMzAmaW5zdGFuY2VfaWQ9MTA2NDQzJm5sPXRoZS1tb3JuaW5nJnJlZ2lfaWQ9Nzc2NzQ5NTImc2VnbWVudF9pZD0xNDg2NjUmdGU9MSZ1c2VyX2lkPWFhNDkxZWY3ZjFkOTY0ZTQ5NzlmYjc4NGU3NGUwMWQ3VwNueXRCCmU8yYY_ZWLJljhSG3RyaXN0cmFtYmFsZHdpbjkwQGdtYWlsLmNvbVgEAAAAAw~~) so that Israel must risk killing civilians, and face an international backlash, when it fights. Hamas fighters also slip above and below ground, blending with civilians. These practices mean that Hamas is responsible for many of the civilian deaths, according to international law, as David French, a Times Opinion writer and former military lawyer, [has explained](~/AAAAAQA~/RgRnIgvJP4QMAWh0dHBzOi8vd3d3Lm55dGltZXMuY29tLzIwMjMvMTAvMTIvb3Bpbmlvbi9pc3JhZWwtaGFtYXMtaXNpcy1nYXphLmh0bWw_YWN0aW9uPWNsaWNrJmNhbXBhaWduX2lkPTkmZW1jPWVkaXRfbm5fMjAyMzEwMzAmaW5zdGFuY2VfaWQ9MTA2NDQzJm1vZHVsZT1SZWxhdGVkTGlua3Mmbmw9dGhlLW1vcm5pbmcmcGd0eXBlPUFydGljbGUmcmVnaV9pZD03NzY3NDk1MiZzZWdtZW50X2lkPTE0ODY2NSZ0ZT0xJnVzZXJfaWQ9YWE0OTFlZjdmMWQ5NjRlNDk3OWZiNzg0ZTc0ZTAxZDdXA255dEIKZTzJhj9lYsmWOFIbdHJpc3RyYW1iYWxkd2luOTBAZ21haWwuY29tWAQAAAAD). Deliberately putting military resources near civilians and disguising fighters as civilians are both violations of the laws of war. António Guterres, the secretary general of the United Nations, [has said](~/AAAAAQA~/RgRnIgvJP0TyaHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnl0aW1lcy5jb20vMjAyMy8xMC8yNS93b3JsZC9taWRkbGVlYXN0L3VuLXNlY3VyaXR5LWNvdW5jaWwtZ3V0ZXJyZXMtaXNyYWVsLmh0bWw_Y2FtcGFpZ25faWQ9OSZlbWM9ZWRpdF9ubl8yMDIzMTAzMCZpbnN0YW5jZV9pZD0xMDY0NDMmbmw9dGhlLW1vcm5pbmcmcmVnaV9pZD03NzY3NDk1MiZzZWdtZW50X2lkPTE0ODY2NSZ0ZT0xJnVzZXJfaWQ9YWE0OTFlZjdmMWQ5NjRlNDk3OWZiNzg0ZTc0ZTAxZDdXA255dEIKZTzJhj9lYsmWOFIbdHJpc3RyYW1iYWxkd2luOTBAZ21haWwuY29tWAQAAAAD) Israel is also violating international law by continuing to bomb southern Gaza — partly to destroy tunnels — after first ordering people to evacuate there for safety. While Israel says its strikes are precise, Palestinians say that the bombing has felt vengeful and unfocused. One man [lost 45 members](~/AAAAAQA~/RgRnIgvJP0TlaHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnl0aW1lcy5jb20vMjAyMy8xMC8yNS93b3JsZC9taWRkbGVlYXN0L2dhemEtZGlhc3BvcmEtZmFtaWxpZXMuaHRtbD9jYW1wYWlnbl9pZD05JmVtYz1lZGl0X25uXzIwMjMxMDMwJmluc3RhbmNlX2lkPTEwNjQ0MyZubD10aGUtbW9ybmluZyZyZWdpX2lkPTc3Njc0OTUyJnNlZ21lbnRfaWQ9MTQ4NjY1JnRlPTEmdXNlcl9pZD1hYTQ5MWVmN2YxZDk2NGU0OTc5ZmI3ODRlNzRlMDFkN1cDbnl0QgplPMmGP2ViyZY4Uht0cmlzdHJhbWJhbGR3aW45MEBnbWFpbC5jb21YBAAAAAM~) of his extended family. Overall, Hamas says, at least 8,000 people have died in the war, and the U.N. has confirmed the deaths of at least 2,360 children. One issue is that bombs that hit tunnels can still kill civilians through a kind of aftershock. When bombs explode underground, buildings above can collapse into a crater. “The craters become mass graves,” said Eyal Weizman, the director of Forensic Architecture, a research group. Whatever the appropriate mix of blame between Israel and Hamas, the human toll has led to widespread criticism of Israel. And as its ground incursions continue, the toll will surely grow. The more than 200 hostages held by Hamas, likely in the tunnels, will also be at risk. Soldiers in southern Israel.Sergey Ponomarev for The New York Times Air, then ground The first stage of Israel’s campaign against the tunnels has been its air war. The military has launched more than 7,000 airstrikes on Gaza since the Oct. 7 Hamas attack that killed more than 1,400 Israelis. That air war continues, along with the ground operation. Israel has dropped special bombs that don’t explode until after they have burrowed into the ground. Another type of weapon, called “[sponge bombs](~/AAAAAQA~/RgRnIgvJP0T9aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cudGVsZWdyYXBoLmNvLnVrL3dvcmxkLW5ld3MvMjAyMy8xMC8yNS9zcG9uZ2UtYm9tYi1uZXctd2VhcG9uLWlzcmFlbC1nYXphLXR1bm5lbHMtd2FyLWhhbWFzLz9jYW1wYWlnbl9pZD05JmVtYz1lZGl0X25uXzIwMjMxMDMwJmluc3RhbmNlX2lkPTEwNjQ0MyZubD10aGUtbW9ybmluZyZyZWdpX2lkPTc3Njc0OTUyJnNlZ21lbnRfaWQ9MTQ4NjY1JnRlPTEmdXNlcl9pZD1hYTQ5MWVmN2YxZDk2NGU0OTc5ZmI3ODRlNzRlMDFkN1cDbnl0QgplPMmGP2ViyZY4Uht0cmlzdHJhbWJhbGR3aW45MEBnbWFpbC5jb21YBAAAAAM~),” creates an explosion of hardening foam to seal off tunnels. If tunnel entrances are sealed, fighters can’t pop out of them in surprise attacks. The ground operation allows Israel to take additional steps to demolish tunnels. An Israeli reservist soldier [described one technique, called “purple hair,”](~/AAAAAQA~/RgRnIgvJP0TpaHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnl0aW1lcy5jb20vMjAyMy8xMC8yOC91cy9wb2xpdGljcy9nYXphcy10dW5uZWxzLWlzcmFlbC1ncm91bmQtd2FyLmh0bWw_Y2FtcGFpZ25faWQ9OSZlbWM9ZWRpdF9ubl8yMDIzMTAzMCZpbnN0YW5jZV9pZD0xMDY0NDMmbmw9dGhlLW1vcm5pbmcmcmVnaV9pZD03NzY3NDk1MiZzZWdtZW50X2lkPTE0ODY2NSZ0ZT0xJnVzZXJfaWQ9YWE0OTFlZjdmMWQ5NjRlNDk3OWZiNzg0ZTc0ZTAxZDdXA255dEIKZTzJhj9lYsmWOFIbdHJpc3RyYW1iYWxkd2luOTBAZ21haWwuY29tWAQAAAAD) to our colleagues: Israeli troops drop smoke grenades into a tunnel, and then watch for purple smoke to come out of any houses in the area. The smoke, the soldier said, signals that a house is connected to the tunnel network and must be sealed off before soldiers descend into the tunnels. The smoke moves like strands of hair throughout the tunnel system, he said. This description helps make clear why urban warfare tends to be so deadly. “It will be bloody, brutal fighting,” said Gen. Joseph L. Votel, the former leader of U.S. military operations in the Middle East. [Continue reading the main story](#a11y-skip-native_image-0) A MESSAGE FROM WICKED on Broadway [WICKED on Broadway Ad Campaign](~/AAAAAQA~/RgRnIgvJP4QaAWh0dHBzOi8vd2lja2VkdGhlbXVzaWNhbC5jb20vdGlja2V0cy8_Y2FtcGFpZ25faWQ9OSZlbWM9ZWRpdF9ubl8yMDIzMTAzMCZpbnN0YW5jZV9pZD0xMDY0NDMmbmw9dGhlLW1vcm5pbmcmcmVnaV9pZD03NzY3NDk1MiZzZWdtZW50X2lkPTE0ODY2NSZ0ZT0xJnVzZXJfaWQ9YWE0OTFlZjdmMWQ5NjRlNDk3OWZiNzg0ZTc0ZTAxZDcmdXRtX2NhbXBhaWduPW9wZXJhdGluZyZ1dG1fY29udGVudD1saWZlc3R5bGUtZW50aHVzaWFzdHMmdXRtX21lZGl1bT1kaXNwbGF5JnV0bV9zb3VyY2U9bnl0aW1lc1cDbnl0QgplPMmGP2ViyZY4Uht0cmlzdHJhbWJhbGR3aW45MEBnbWFpbC5jb21YBAAAAAM~) [Celebrating 20 Years of 'Wicked' There's no place like Oz, and after two decades on Broadway, there's still no show like "Wicked." Get Tickets [WICKED on Broadway Logo]](~/AAAAAQA~/RgRnIgvJP4QaAWh0dHBzOi8vd2lja2VkdGhlbXVzaWNhbC5jb20vdGlja2V0cy8_Y2FtcGFpZ25faWQ9OSZlbWM9ZWRpdF9ubl8yMDIzMTAzMCZpbnN0YW5jZV9pZD0xMDY0NDMmbmw9dGhlLW1vcm5pbmcmcmVnaV9pZD03NzY3NDk1MiZzZWdtZW50X2lkPTE0ODY2NSZ0ZT0xJnVzZXJfaWQ9YWE0OTFlZjdmMWQ5NjRlNDk3OWZiNzg0ZTc0ZTAxZDcmdXRtX2NhbXBhaWduPW9wZXJhdGluZyZ1dG1fY29udGVudD1saWZlc3R5bGUtZW50aHVzaWFzdHMmdXRtX21lZGl1bT1kaXNwbGF5JnV0bV9zb3VyY2U9bnl0aW1lc1cDbnl0QgplPMmGP2ViyZY4Uht0cmlzdHJhbWJhbGR3aW45MEBnbWFpbC5jb21YBAAAAAM~) MORE ON THE WAR In Gaza Northern Gaza.Avishag Shaar-Yashuv for The New York Times - Israel said it struck hundreds of targets in Gaza this weekend. [Health facilities were damaged](~/AAAAAQA~/RgRnIgvJP0TfaHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnl0aW1lcy5jb20vbGl2ZS8yMDIzLzEwLzMwL3dvcmxkLy1pc3JhZWwtaGFtYXMtd2FyLWdhemEtbmV3cz9jYW1wYWlnbl9pZD05JmVtYz1lZGl0X25uXzIwMjMxMDMwJmluc3RhbmNlX2lkPTEwNjQ0MyZubD10aGUtbW9ybmluZyZyZWdpX2lkPTc3Njc0OTUyJnNlZ21lbnRfaWQ9MTQ4NjY1JnRlPTEmdXNlcl9pZD1hYTQ5MWVmN2YxZDk2NGU0OTc5ZmI3ODRlNzRlMDFkN1cDbnl0QgplPMmGP2ViyZY4Uht0cmlzdHJhbWJhbGR3aW45MEBnbWFpbC5jb21YBAAAAAM~). - President Biden urged Benjamin Netanyahu to “immediately and significantly” increase the amount of humanitarian aid and to protect civilians. - Thirty-three aid trucks crossed into the enclave. Many more [are waiting at the border](~/AAAAAQA~/RgRnIgvJP4QTAWh0dHBzOi8vd3d3Lm55dGltZXMuY29tL2xpdmUvMjAyMy8xMC8zMC93b3JsZC8taXNyYWVsLWhhbWFzLXdhci1nYXphLW5ld3MvODYxMGZiYjktMWFkMi01ZmYxLWE3ODYtNjYwMDNjOGJkY2M1P2NhbXBhaWduX2lkPTkmZW1jPWVkaXRfbm5fMjAyMzEwMzAmaW5zdGFuY2VfaWQ9MTA2NDQzJm5sPXRoZS1tb3JuaW5nJnJlZ2lfaWQ9Nzc2NzQ5NTImc2VnbWVudF9pZD0xNDg2NjUmc21pZD11cmwtc2hhcmUmdGU9MSZ1c2VyX2lkPWFhNDkxZWY3ZjFkOTY0ZTQ5NzlmYjc4NGU3NGUwMWQ3VwNueXRCCmU8yYY_ZWLJljhSG3RyaXN0cmFtYmFsZHdpbjkwQGdtYWlsLmNvbVgEAAAAAw~~). - Phone and internet connections partially returned after a near-total blackout. For 34 hours, most people in Gaza had [no way to reach the outside world](~/AAAAAQA~/RgRnIgvJP0TsaHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnl0aW1lcy5jb20vMjAyMy8xMC8yOS93b3JsZC9taWRkbGVlYXN0L2dhemEtYmxhY2tvdXQtaW50ZXJuZXQtaXNyYWVsLmh0bWw_Y2FtcGFpZ25faWQ9OSZlbWM9ZWRpdF9ubl8yMDIzMTAzMCZpbnN0YW5jZV9pZD0xMDY0NDMmbmw9dGhlLW1vcm5pbmcmcmVnaV9pZD03NzY3NDk1MiZzZWdtZW50X2lkPTE0ODY2NSZ0ZT0xJnVzZXJfaWQ9YWE0OTFlZjdmMWQ5NjRlNDk3OWZiNzg0ZTc0ZTAxZDdXA255dEIKZTzJhj9lYsmWOFIbdHJpc3RyYW1iYWxkd2luOTBAZ21haWwuY29tWAQAAAAD) — or one another. In Israel - Israel spotted Hamas gunmen early on Oct. 7, but expected a small attack at most. [Read more about the intelligence failures](~/AAAAAQA~/RgRnIgvJP0TvaHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnl0aW1lcy5jb20vMjAyMy8xMC8yOS93b3JsZC9taWRkbGVlYXN0L2lzcmFlbC1pbnRlbGxpZ2VuY2UtaGFtYXMtYXR0YWNrLmh0bWw_Y2FtcGFpZ25faWQ9OSZlbWM9ZWRpdF9ubl8yMDIzMTAzMCZpbnN0YW5jZV9pZD0xMDY0NDMmbmw9dGhlLW1vcm5pbmcmcmVnaV9pZD03NzY3NDk1MiZzZWdtZW50X2lkPTE0ODY2NSZ0ZT0xJnVzZXJfaWQ9YWE0OTFlZjdmMWQ5NjRlNDk3OWZiNzg0ZTc0ZTAxZDdXA255dEIKZTzJhj9lYsmWOFIbdHJpc3RyYW1iYWxkd2luOTBAZ21haWwuY29tWAQAAAAD) that shattered the country’s sense of security. - “I was wrong”: Netanyahu apologized for accusing military and security leaders of lapses that led to the Hamas massacre, but [declined to accept responsibility himself](~/AAAAAQA~/RgRnIgvJP0TtaHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnl0aW1lcy5jb20vMjAyMy8xMC8yOS93b3JsZC9taWRkbGVlYXN0L25ldGFueWFodS1pc3JhZWwtZ2F6YS1wb2xpdGljcy5odG1sP2NhbXBhaWduX2lkPTkmZW1jPWVkaXRfbm5fMjAyMzEwMzAmaW5zdGFuY2VfaWQ9MTA2NDQzJm5sPXRoZS1tb3JuaW5nJnJlZ2lfaWQ9Nzc2NzQ5NTImc2VnbWVudF9pZD0xNDg2NjUmdGU9MSZ1c2VyX2lkPWFhNDkxZWY3ZjFkOTY0ZTQ5NzlmYjc4NGU3NGUwMWQ3VwNueXRCCmU8yYY_ZWLJljhSG3RyaXN0cmFtYmFsZHdpbjkwQGdtYWlsLmNvbVgEAAAAAw~~). - A group that led antigovernment protests in Israel before the attacks — even vowing to refuse military service — is now [coordinating war efforts](~/AAAAAQA~/RgRnIgvJP0TmaHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnl0aW1lcy5jb20vMjAyMy8xMC8yOS93b3JsZC9ldXJvcGUvaXNyYWVsLXJlc2VydmlzdHMtaGFtYXMtd2FyLmh0bWw_Y2FtcGFpZ25faWQ9OSZlbWM9ZWRpdF9ubl8yMDIzMTAzMCZpbnN0YW5jZV9pZD0xMDY0NDMmbmw9dGhlLW1vcm5pbmcmcmVnaV9pZD03NzY3NDk1MiZzZWdtZW50X2lkPTE0ODY2NSZ0ZT0xJnVzZXJfaWQ9YWE0OTFlZjdmMWQ5NjRlNDk3OWZiNzg0ZTc0ZTAxZDdXA255dEIKZTzJhj9lYsmWOFIbdHJpc3RyYW1iYWxkd2luOTBAZ21haWwuY29tWAQAAAAD). Around the World - The campus police at Cornell University [guarded a Jewish center](~/AAAAAQA~/RgRnIgvJP0TlaHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnl0aW1lcy5jb20vMjAyMy8xMC8yOS93b3JsZC9taWRkbGVlYXN0L2Nvcm5lbGwtamV3aXNoLXRocmVhdHMuaHRtbD9jYW1wYWlnbl9pZD05JmVtYz1lZGl0X25uXzIwMjMxMDMwJmluc3RhbmNlX2lkPTEwNjQ0MyZubD10aGUtbW9ybmluZyZyZWdpX2lkPTc3Njc0OTUyJnNlZ21lbnRfaWQ9MTQ4NjY1JnRlPTEmdXNlcl9pZD1hYTQ5MWVmN2YxZDk2NGU0OTc5ZmI3ODRlNzRlMDFkN1cDbnl0QgplPMmGP2ViyZY4Uht0cmlzdHJhbWJhbGR3aW45MEBnbWFpbC5jb21YBAAAAAM~) after online threats of violence against Jewish students. - A [mob stormed an airport](~/AAAAAQA~/RgRnIgvJP0TzaHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnl0aW1lcy5jb20vMjAyMy8xMC8zMC93b3JsZC9ldXJvcGUvZGFnZXN0YW4tYWlycG9ydC1tb2ItcnVzc2lhLWlzcmFlbC1wbGFuZS5odG1sP2NhbXBhaWduX2lkPTkmZW1jPWVkaXRfbm5fMjAyMzEwMzAmaW5zdGFuY2VfaWQ9MTA2NDQzJm5sPXRoZS1tb3JuaW5nJnJlZ2lfaWQ9Nzc2NzQ5NTImc2VnbWVudF9pZD0xNDg2NjUmdGU9MSZ1c2VyX2lkPWFhNDkxZWY3ZjFkOTY0ZTQ5NzlmYjc4NGU3NGUwMWQ3VwNueXRCCmU8yYY_ZWLJljhSG3RyaXN0cmFtYmFsZHdpbjkwQGdtYWlsLmNvbVgEAAAAAw~~) in southern Russia when a flight arrived from Tel Aviv. The authorities arrested dozens. THE LATEST NEWS Donald Trump - A federal judge reinstated [a gag order on Donald Trump](~/AAAAAQA~/RgRnIgvJP0ThaHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnl0aW1lcy5jb20vMjAyMy8xMC8yOS91cy9wb2xpdGljcy90cnVtcC1nYWctb3JkZXItY2h1dGthbi5odG1sP2NhbXBhaWduX2lkPTkmZW1jPWVkaXRfbm5fMjAyMzEwMzAmaW5zdGFuY2VfaWQ9MTA2NDQzJm5sPXRoZS1tb3JuaW5nJnJlZ2lfaWQ9Nzc2NzQ5NTImc2VnbWVudF9pZD0xNDg2NjUmdGU9MSZ1c2VyX2lkPWFhNDkxZWY3ZjFkOTY0ZTQ5NzlmYjc4NGU3NGUwMWQ3VwNueXRCCmU8yYY_ZWLJljhSG3RyaXN0cmFtYmFsZHdpbjkwQGdtYWlsLmNvbVgEAAAAAw~~), limiting what he can say about witnesses and prosecutors in his federal elections case. - Trump’s Republican rivals are pointing to onstage gaffes as [signs he’s getting older](~/AAAAAQA~/RgRnIgvJP0TZaHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnl0aW1lcy5jb20vMjAyMy8xMC8zMC91cy9wb2xpdGljcy90cnVtcC1iaWRlbi1hZ2UuaHRtbD9jYW1wYWlnbl9pZD05JmVtYz1lZGl0X25uXzIwMjMxMDMwJmluc3RhbmNlX2lkPTEwNjQ0MyZubD10aGUtbW9ybmluZyZyZWdpX2lkPTc3Njc0OTUyJnNlZ21lbnRfaWQ9MTQ4NjY1JnRlPTEmdXNlcl9pZD1hYTQ5MWVmN2YxZDk2NGU0OTc5ZmI3ODRlNzRlMDFkN1cDbnl0QgplPMmGP2ViyZY4Uht0cmlzdHJhbWJhbGR3aW45MEBnbWFpbC5jb21YBAAAAAM~). (He is 77.) Gun Violence - The gunman in Maine who killed 18 people [disclosed he had mental health issues](~/AAAAAQA~/RgRnIgvJP0TWaHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnl0aW1lcy5jb20vMjAyMy8xMC8yOS91cy9tYWluZS1zaG9vdGluZy1ndW5tYW4uaHRtbD9jYW1wYWlnbl9pZD05JmVtYz1lZGl0X25uXzIwMjMxMDMwJmluc3RhbmNlX2lkPTEwNjQ0MyZubD10aGUtbW9ybmluZyZyZWdpX2lkPTc3Njc0OTUyJnNlZ21lbnRfaWQ9MTQ4NjY1JnRlPTEmdXNlcl9pZD1hYTQ5MWVmN2YxZDk2NGU0OTc5ZmI3ODRlNzRlMDFkN1cDbnl0QgplPMmGP2ViyZY4Uht0cmlzdHJhbWJhbGR3aW45MEBnbWFpbC5jb21YBAAAAAM~), a gun shop owner said. - More than a year after a mass shooting at an elementary school in Uvalde, Texas, the town [broke ground on a new campus](~/AAAAAQA~/RgRnIgvJP0TdaHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnl0aW1lcy5jb20vMjAyMy8xMC8yOC91cy91dmFsZGUtc2Nob29sLWdyb3VuZGJyZWFraW5nLmh0bWw_Y2FtcGFpZ25faWQ9OSZlbWM9ZWRpdF9ubl8yMDIzMTAzMCZpbnN0YW5jZV9pZD0xMDY0NDMmbmw9dGhlLW1vcm5pbmcmcmVnaV9pZD03NzY3NDk1MiZzZWdtZW50X2lkPTE0ODY2NSZ0ZT0xJnVzZXJfaWQ9YWE0OTFlZjdmMWQ5NjRlNDk3OWZiNzg0ZTc0ZTAxZDdXA255dEIKZTzJhj9lYsmWOFIbdHJpc3RyYW1iYWxkd2luOTBAZ21haWwuY29tWAQAAAAD). International Dmytro, one of three friends from Lviv, planned to open a cafe.Brendan Hoffman for The New York Times - They met as boys in western Ukraine. When Russia invaded, they went to war together. [Our reporter followed their journey](~/AAAAAQA~/RgRnIgvJP0TeaHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnl0aW1lcy5jb20vMjAyMy8xMC8yOS93b3JsZC9ldXJvcGUvdWtyYWluZS13YXItZnJpZW5kcy5odG1sP2NhbXBhaWduX2lkPTkmZW1jPWVkaXRfbm5fMjAyMzEwMzAmaW5zdGFuY2VfaWQ9MTA2NDQzJm5sPXRoZS1tb3JuaW5nJnJlZ2lfaWQ9Nzc2NzQ5NTImc2VnbWVudF9pZD0xNDg2NjUmdGU9MSZ1c2VyX2lkPWFhNDkxZWY3ZjFkOTY0ZTQ5NzlmYjc4NGU3NGUwMWQ3VwNueXRCCmU8yYY_ZWLJljhSG3RyaXN0cmFtYmFsZHdpbjkwQGdtYWlsLmNvbVgEAAAAAw~~) for a year. - After a coup in Niger, Islamist militants have [increased their attacks](~/AAAAAQA~/RgRnIgvJP0TtaHR0cHM6Ly93d3cud2FzaGluZ3RvbnBvc3QuY29tL3dvcmxkLzIwMjMvMTAvMzAvbmlnZXItY291cC1pc2xhbWlzdC1taWxpdGFudC1leHRyZW1pc20vP2NhbXBhaWduX2lkPTkmZW1jPWVkaXRfbm5fMjAyMzEwMzAmaW5zdGFuY2VfaWQ9MTA2NDQzJm5sPXRoZS1tb3JuaW5nJnJlZ2lfaWQ9Nzc2NzQ5NTImc2VnbWVudF9pZD0xNDg2NjUmdGU9MSZ1c2VyX2lkPWFhNDkxZWY3ZjFkOTY0ZTQ5NzlmYjc4NGU3NGUwMWQ3VwNueXRCCmU8yYY_ZWLJljhSG3RyaXN0cmFtYmFsZHdpbjkwQGdtYWlsLmNvbVgEAAAAAw~~), The Washington Post reports. - Climate change is [transforming how the French make cheese](~/AAAAAQA~/RgRnIgvJP0TnaHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnl0aW1lcy5jb20vMjAyMy8xMC8yOS93b3JsZC9ldXJvcGUvZnJlbmNoLWNoZWVzZS1jbGltYXRlLWNoYW5nZS5odG1sP2NhbXBhaWduX2lkPTkmZW1jPWVkaXRfbm5fMjAyMzEwMzAmaW5zdGFuY2VfaWQ9MTA2NDQzJm5sPXRoZS1tb3JuaW5nJnJlZ2lfaWQ9Nzc2NzQ5NTImc2VnbWVudF9pZD0xNDg2NjUmdGU9MSZ1c2VyX2lkPWFhNDkxZWY3ZjFkOTY0ZTQ5NzlmYjc4NGU3NGUwMWQ3VwNueXRCCmU8yYY_ZWLJljhSG3RyaXN0cmFtYmFsZHdpbjkwQGdtYWlsLmNvbVgEAAAAAw~~) — and how their regulators evaluate it. Other Big Stories - A fisherman lost at sea off the Pacific Northwest for nearly two weeks was found on a raft about 70 miles from shore. He survived partly by [catching and eating a salmon](~/AAAAAQA~/RgRnIgvJP0TJaHR0cHM6Ly93d3cuYmJjLmNvLnVrL25ld3Mvd29ybGQtdXMtY2FuYWRhLTY3MjQ2MTYzP2NhbXBhaWduX2lkPTkmZW1jPWVkaXRfbm5fMjAyMzEwMzAmaW5zdGFuY2VfaWQ9MTA2NDQzJm5sPXRoZS1tb3JuaW5nJnJlZ2lfaWQ9Nzc2NzQ5NTImc2VnbWVudF9pZD0xNDg2NjUmdGU9MSZ1c2VyX2lkPWFhNDkxZWY3ZjFkOTY0ZTQ5NzlmYjc4NGU3NGUwMWQ3VwNueXRCCmU8yYY_ZWLJljhSG3RyaXN0cmFtYmFsZHdpbjkwQGdtYWlsLmNvbVgEAAAAAw~~), the BBC reports. - Shoppers are [still spending on Halloween decorations](~/AAAAAQA~/RgRnIgvJP0TnaHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnl0aW1lcy5jb20vMjAyMy8xMC8yOS9idXNpbmVzcy9lY29ub215L2hhbGxvd2Vlbi1yZXRhaWwtZWNvbm9teS5odG1sP2NhbXBhaWduX2lkPTkmZW1jPWVkaXRfbm5fMjAyMzEwMzAmaW5zdGFuY2VfaWQ9MTA2NDQzJm5sPXRoZS1tb3JuaW5nJnJlZ2lfaWQ9Nzc2NzQ5NTImc2VnbWVudF9pZD0xNDg2NjUmdGU9MSZ1c2VyX2lkPWFhNDkxZWY3ZjFkOTY0ZTQ5NzlmYjc4NGU3NGUwMWQ3VwNueXRCCmU8yYY_ZWLJljhSG3RyaXN0cmFtYmFsZHdpbjkwQGdtYWlsLmNvbVgEAAAAAw~~), a sign that high interest rates haven’t slowed growth. Opinions Sickle cell encapsulates how our health care system has failed Black Americans. A [gene therapy offers hope](~/AAAAAQA~/RgRnIgvJP0TlaHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnl0aW1lcy5jb20vMjAyMy8xMC8zMC9vcGluaW9uL3NpY2tsZS1jZWxsLWdlbmUtdGhlcmFweS1jcmlzcHIuaHRtbD9jYW1wYWlnbl9pZD05JmVtYz1lZGl0X25uXzIwMjMxMDMwJmluc3RhbmNlX2lkPTEwNjQ0MyZubD10aGUtbW9ybmluZyZyZWdpX2lkPTc3Njc0OTUyJnNlZ21lbnRfaWQ9MTQ4NjY1JnRlPTEmdXNlcl9pZD1hYTQ5MWVmN2YxZDk2NGU0OTc5ZmI3ODRlNzRlMDFkN1cDbnl0QgplPMmGP2ViyZY4Uht0cmlzdHJhbWJhbGR3aW45MEBnbWFpbC5jb21YBAAAAAM~), Dr. Daniela Lamas writes. Here’s a column by David Brooks on the [Israel-Hamas war](~/AAAAAQA~/RgRnIgvJP0TcaHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnl0aW1lcy5jb20vMjAyMy8xMC8yNi9vcGluaW9uL2lzcmFlbC1nYXphLWNvbG9uaXplcnMuaHRtbD9jYW1wYWlnbl9pZD05JmVtYz1lZGl0X25uXzIwMjMxMDMwJmluc3RhbmNlX2lkPTEwNjQ0MyZubD10aGUtbW9ybmluZyZyZWdpX2lkPTc3Njc0OTUyJnNlZ21lbnRfaWQ9MTQ4NjY1JnRlPTEmdXNlcl9pZD1hYTQ5MWVmN2YxZDk2NGU0OTc5ZmI3ODRlNzRlMDFkN1cDbnl0QgplPMmGP2ViyZY4Uht0cmlzdHJhbWJhbGR3aW45MEBnbWFpbC5jb21YBAAAAAM~). Expand your understanding. Enhance your skills. Embrace your curiosity. A New York Times All Access subscription includes everything you need to make the most of every day. [Subscribe today](~/AAAAAQA~/RgRnIgvJP0TWaHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnl0aW1lcy5jb20vc3Vic2NyaXB0aW9uL2FsbC1hY2Nlc3M_Y2FtcGFpZ25JZD04TEpVTCZjYW1wYWlnbl9pZD05JmVtYz1lZGl0X25uXzIwMjMxMDMwJmluc3RhbmNlX2lkPTEwNjQ0MyZubD10aGUtbW9ybmluZyZyZWdpX2lkPTc3Njc0OTUyJnNlZ21lbnRfaWQ9MTQ4NjY1JnRlPTEmdXNlcl9pZD1hYTQ5MWVmN2YxZDk2NGU0OTc5ZmI3ODRlNzRlMDFkN1cDbnl0QgplPMmGP2ViyZY4Uht0cmlzdHJhbWJhbGR3aW45MEBnbWFpbC5jb21YBAAAAAM~). MORNING READS The New York Times Mental map: We asked New Yorkers to outline their neighborhoods. The result may be the [most detailed map of the city’s districts](~/AAAAAQA~/RgRnIgvJP0TsaHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnl0aW1lcy5jb20vaW50ZXJhY3RpdmUvMjAyMy8xMC8yOS91cHNob3QvbmV3LXlvcmstbmVpZ2hib3Job29kLWd1aWRlLmh0bWw_Y2FtcGFpZ25faWQ9OSZlbWM9ZWRpdF9ubl8yMDIzMTAzMCZpbnN0YW5jZV9pZD0xMDY0NDMmbmw9dGhlLW1vcm5pbmcmcmVnaV9pZD03NzY3NDk1MiZzZWdtZW50X2lkPTE0ODY2NSZ0ZT0xJnVzZXJfaWQ9YWE0OTFlZjdmMWQ5NjRlNDk3OWZiNzg0ZTc0ZTAxZDdXA255dEIKZTzJhj9lYsmWOFIbdHJpc3RyYW1iYWxkd2luOTBAZ21haWwuY29tWAQAAAAD) ever compiled. Cavities: A dentist shares tips for [protecting teeth on Halloween](~/AAAAAQA~/RgRnIgvJP0ThaHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnl0aW1lcy5jb20vMjAyMy8xMC8yNy93ZWxsL2VhdC9oYWxsb3dlZW4tY2FuZHktdGVldGgtdGlwcy5odG1sP2NhbXBhaWduX2lkPTkmZW1jPWVkaXRfbm5fMjAyMzEwMzAmaW5zdGFuY2VfaWQ9MTA2NDQzJm5sPXRoZS1tb3JuaW5nJnJlZ2lfaWQ9Nzc2NzQ5NTImc2VnbWVudF9pZD0xNDg2NjUmdGU9MSZ1c2VyX2lkPWFhNDkxZWY3ZjFkOTY0ZTQ5NzlmYjc4NGU3NGUwMWQ3VwNueXRCCmU8yYY_ZWLJljhSG3RyaXN0cmFtYmFsZHdpbjkwQGdtYWlsLmNvbVgEAAAAAw~~). Metropolitan Diary: A long trip to [satisfy a cheesecake craving](~/AAAAAQA~/RgRnIgvJP0TZaHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnl0aW1lcy5jb20vMjAyMy8xMC8yOS9ueXJlZ2lvbi9tZXRyb3BvbGl0YW4tZGlhcnkuaHRtbD9jYW1wYWlnbl9pZD05JmVtYz1lZGl0X25uXzIwMjMxMDMwJmluc3RhbmNlX2lkPTEwNjQ0MyZubD10aGUtbW9ybmluZyZyZWdpX2lkPTc3Njc0OTUyJnNlZ21lbnRfaWQ9MTQ4NjY1JnRlPTEmdXNlcl9pZD1hYTQ5MWVmN2YxZDk2NGU0OTc5ZmI3ODRlNzRlMDFkN1cDbnl0QgplPMmGP2ViyZY4Uht0cmlzdHJhbWJhbGR3aW45MEBnbWFpbC5jb21YBAAAAAM~). Lives Lived: Robert Brustein was an advocate for nonprofit theater — as well as a critic, teacher, producer, director, playwright and even actor. [He died at 96](~/AAAAAQA~/RgRnIgvJP0TaaHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnl0aW1lcy5jb20vMjAyMy8xMC8yOS90aGVhdGVyL3JvYmVydC1icnVzdGVpbi1kZWFkLmh0bWw_Y2FtcGFpZ25faWQ9OSZlbWM9ZWRpdF9ubl8yMDIzMTAzMCZpbnN0YW5jZV9pZD0xMDY0NDMmbmw9dGhlLW1vcm5pbmcmcmVnaV9pZD03NzY3NDk1MiZzZWdtZW50X2lkPTE0ODY2NSZ0ZT0xJnVzZXJfaWQ9YWE0OTFlZjdmMWQ5NjRlNDk3OWZiNzg0ZTc0ZTAxZDdXA255dEIKZTzJhj9lYsmWOFIbdHJpc3RyYW1iYWxkd2luOTBAZ21haWwuY29tWAQAAAAD). [Continue reading the main story](#a11y-skip-native_image-1) A MESSAGE FROM WICKED on Broadway [WICKED on Broadway Ad Campaign](~/AAAAAQA~/RgRnIgvJP4QaAWh0dHBzOi8vd2lja2VkdGhlbXVzaWNhbC5jb20vdGlja2V0cy8_Y2FtcGFpZ25faWQ9OSZlbWM9ZWRpdF9ubl8yMDIzMTAzMCZpbnN0YW5jZV9pZD0xMDY0NDMmbmw9dGhlLW1vcm5pbmcmcmVnaV9pZD03NzY3NDk1MiZzZWdtZW50X2lkPTE0ODY2NSZ0ZT0xJnVzZXJfaWQ9YWE0OTFlZjdmMWQ5NjRlNDk3OWZiNzg0ZTc0ZTAxZDcmdXRtX2NhbXBhaWduPW9wZXJhdGluZyZ1dG1fY29udGVudD1saWZlc3R5bGUtZW50aHVzaWFzdHMmdXRtX21lZGl1bT1kaXNwbGF5JnV0bV9zb3VyY2U9bnl0aW1lc1cDbnl0QgplPMmGP2ViyZY4Uht0cmlzdHJhbWJhbGR3aW45MEBnbWFpbC5jb21YBAAAAAM~) [Celebrating 20 Years of 'Wicked' There's no place like Oz, and after two decades on Broadway, there's still no show like "Wicked." Get Tickets [WICKED on Broadway Logo]](~/AAAAAQA~/RgRnIgvJP4QaAWh0dHBzOi8vd2lja2VkdGhlbXVzaWNhbC5jb20vdGlja2V0cy8_Y2FtcGFpZ25faWQ9OSZlbWM9ZWRpdF9ubl8yMDIzMTAzMCZpbnN0YW5jZV9pZD0xMDY0NDMmbmw9dGhlLW1vcm5pbmcmcmVnaV9pZD03NzY3NDk1MiZzZWdtZW50X2lkPTE0ODY2NSZ0ZT0xJnVzZXJfaWQ9YWE0OTFlZjdmMWQ5NjRlNDk3OWZiNzg0ZTc0ZTAxZDcmdXRtX2NhbXBhaWduPW9wZXJhdGluZyZ1dG1fY29udGVudD1saWZlc3R5bGUtZW50aHVzaWFzdHMmdXRtX21lZGl1bT1kaXNwbGF5JnV0bV9zb3VyY2U9bnl0aW1lc1cDbnl0QgplPMmGP2ViyZY4Uht0cmlzdHJhbWJhbGR3aW45MEBnbWFpbC5jb21YBAAAAAM~) SPORTS Sunday football: The San Francisco 49ers lost to the Bengals, their [third straight defeat](~/AAAAAQA~/RgRnIgvJP0TnaHR0cHM6Ly90aGVhdGhsZXRpYy5jb20vNTAwOTk0NC8yMDIzLzEwLzI5L2JlbmdhbHMtNDllcnMtdGFrZWF3YXlzLXJlc3VsdC13ZWVrLTgvP2NhbXBhaWduX2lkPTkmZW1jPWVkaXRfbm5fMjAyMzEwMzAmaW5zdGFuY2VfaWQ9MTA2NDQzJm5sPXRoZS1tb3JuaW5nJnJlZ2lfaWQ9Nzc2NzQ5NTImc2VnbWVudF9pZD0xNDg2NjUmdGU9MSZ1c2VyX2lkPWFhNDkxZWY3ZjFkOTY0ZTQ5NzlmYjc4NGU3NGUwMWQ3VwNueXRCCmU8yYY_ZWLJljhSG3RyaXN0cmFtYmFsZHdpbjkwQGdtYWlsLmNvbVgEAAAAAw~~) after a 5-0 start to the season. Injury: The Minnesota Vikings quarterback Kirk Cousins will undergo tests today to confirm a [possible Achilles’ tendon tear](~/AAAAAQA~/RgRnIgvJP0TlaHR0cHM6Ly90aGVhdGhsZXRpYy5jb20vNTAwOTcyMS8yMDIzLzEwLzI5L2tpcmstY291c2lucy1pbmp1cnktdmlraW5ncy1wYWNrZXJzLz9jYW1wYWlnbl9pZD05JmVtYz1lZGl0X25uXzIwMjMxMDMwJmluc3RhbmNlX2lkPTEwNjQ0MyZubD10aGUtbW9ybmluZyZyZWdpX2lkPTc3Njc0OTUyJnNlZ21lbnRfaWQ9MTQ4NjY1JnRlPTEmdXNlcl9pZD1hYTQ5MWVmN2YxZDk2NGU0OTc5ZmI3ODRlNzRlMDFkN1cDbnl0QgplPMmGP2ViyZY4Uht0cmlzdHJhbWJhbGR3aW45MEBnbWFpbC5jb21YBAAAAAM~) from the team’s win over the Packers. Soccer: The U.S. women’s team [beat Colombia 3-0](~/AAAAAQA~/RgRnIgvJP0TqaHR0cHM6Ly90aGVhdGhsZXRpYy5jb20vNTAxMDg5Ni8yMDIzLzEwLzI5L3Vzd250LWNvbG9tYmlhLWZyaWVuZGx5LXJlc3VsdC10YWtlYXdheXMvP2NhbXBhaWduX2lkPTkmZW1jPWVkaXRfbm5fMjAyMzEwMzAmaW5zdGFuY2VfaWQ9MTA2NDQzJm5sPXRoZS1tb3JuaW5nJnJlZ2lfaWQ9Nzc2NzQ5NTImc2VnbWVudF9pZD0xNDg2NjUmdGU9MSZ1c2VyX2lkPWFhNDkxZWY3ZjFkOTY0ZTQ5NzlmYjc4NGU3NGUwMWQ3VwNueXRCCmU8yYY_ZWLJljhSG3RyaXN0cmFtYmFsZHdpbjkwQGdtYWlsLmNvbVgEAAAAAw~~) in a friendly and showcased a potential new star: Mia Fishel. ARTS AND IDEAS The cast of “Friends.”NBCUniversal, via Getty Images A sitcom icon: Matthew Perry, who was found dead in his Los Angeles home over the weekend, will forever be tied to Chandler Bing, his character on “Friends.” That’s not an indictment of his career, The Times’s Alexis Soloski wrote, but rather a [testament to the greatness of his biggest role](~/AAAAAQA~/RgRnIgvJP0TpaHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnl0aW1lcy5jb20vMjAyMy8xMC8yOS9hcnRzL3RlbGV2aXNpb24vbWF0dGhldy1wZXJyeS1jaGFuZGxlci1iaW5nLmh0bWw_Y2FtcGFpZ25faWQ9OSZlbWM9ZWRpdF9ubl8yMDIzMTAzMCZpbnN0YW5jZV9pZD0xMDY0NDMmbmw9dGhlLW1vcm5pbmcmcmVnaV9pZD03NzY3NDk1MiZzZWdtZW50X2lkPTE0ODY2NSZ0ZT0xJnVzZXJfaWQ9YWE0OTFlZjdmMWQ5NjRlNDk3OWZiNzg0ZTc0ZTAxZDdXA255dEIKZTzJhj9lYsmWOFIbdHJpc3RyYW1iYWxkd2luOTBAZ21haWwuY29tWAQAAAAD). “Even among the irrepressible talents of his co-stars, Perry stood out, for a rubbery, heedless way with physical comedy and a split-second timing that most stopwatches would envy,” Alex writes. Perry’s [co-stars and friends](~/AAAAAQA~/RgRnIgvJP0TqaHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnl0aW1lcy5jb20vMjAyMy8xMC8yOS9hcnRzL3RlbGV2aXNpb24vbWF0dGhldy1wZXJyeS1kZWF0aC1yZWFjdGlvbi5odG1sP2NhbXBhaWduX2lkPTkmZW1jPWVkaXRfbm5fMjAyMzEwMzAmaW5zdGFuY2VfaWQ9MTA2NDQzJm5sPXRoZS1tb3JuaW5nJnJlZ2lfaWQ9Nzc2NzQ5NTImc2VnbWVudF9pZD0xNDg2NjUmdGU9MSZ1c2VyX2lkPWFhNDkxZWY3ZjFkOTY0ZTQ5NzlmYjc4NGU3NGUwMWQ3VwNueXRCCmU8yYY_ZWLJljhSG3RyaXN0cmFtYmFsZHdpbjkwQGdtYWlsLmNvbVgEAAAAAw~~) posted tributes, including Canada’s prime minister, Justin Trudeau, who knew him from elementary school. More on culture - Angelina Jolie’s fashion brand unveiled its first collection, [a collaboration with Chloé](~/AAAAAQA~/RgRnIgvJP0TkaHR0cHM6Ly93d3cudGhlY3V0LmNvbS8yMDIzLzEwL3RoZS1maXJzdC1hdGVsaWVyLWpvbGllLWNvbGxlY3Rpb24taXMtaGVyZS5odG1sP2NhbXBhaWduX2lkPTkmZW1jPWVkaXRfbm5fMjAyMzEwMzAmaW5zdGFuY2VfaWQ9MTA2NDQzJm5sPXRoZS1tb3JuaW5nJnJlZ2lfaWQ9Nzc2NzQ5NTImc2VnbWVudF9pZD0xNDg2NjUmdGU9MSZ1c2VyX2lkPWFhNDkxZWY3ZjFkOTY0ZTQ5NzlmYjc4NGU3NGUwMWQ3VwNueXRCCmU8yYY_ZWLJljhSG3RyaXN0cmFtYmFsZHdpbjkwQGdtYWlsLmNvbVgEAAAAAw~~), The Cut reports. THE MORNING RECOMMENDS … Romulo Yanes for The New York Times. Food Stylist: Vivian Lui. Stir chipotles in adobo into a rich vegetarian broth [for a tortilla soup](~/AAAAAQA~/RgRnIgvJP0TuaHR0cHM6Ly9jb29raW5nLm55dGltZXMuY29tL3JlY2lwZXMvMTAxOTEwNy12ZWdldGFyaWFuLXRvcnRpbGxhLXNvdXA_Y2FtcGFpZ25faWQ9OSZlbWM9ZWRpdF9ubl8yMDIzMTAzMCZpbnN0YW5jZV9pZD0xMDY0NDMmbmw9dGhlLW1vcm5pbmcmcT12ZWdldGFyaWFuK3RvcnRpbCZyZWdpX2lkPTc3Njc0OTUyJnNlZ21lbnRfaWQ9MTQ4NjY1JnRlPTEmdXNlcl9pZD1hYTQ5MWVmN2YxZDk2NGU0OTc5ZmI3ODRlNzRlMDFkN1cDbnl0QgplPMmGP2ViyZY4Uht0cmlzdHJhbWJhbGR3aW45MEBnbWFpbC5jb21YBAAAAAM~). Pick one of [these stoves](~/AAAAAQA~/RgRnIgvJP0TRaHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnl0aW1lcy5jb20vd2lyZWN1dHRlci9yZXZpZXdzL2Jlc3QtZ2FzLXJhbmdlcy8_Y2FtcGFpZ25faWQ9OSZlbWM9ZWRpdF9ubl8yMDIzMTAzMCZpbnN0YW5jZV9pZD0xMDY0NDMmbmw9dGhlLW1vcm5pbmcmcmVnaV9pZD03NzY3NDk1MiZzZWdtZW50X2lkPTE0ODY2NSZ0ZT0xJnVzZXJfaWQ9YWE0OTFlZjdmMWQ5NjRlNDk3OWZiNzg0ZTc0ZTAxZDdXA255dEIKZTzJhj9lYsmWOFIbdHJpc3RyYW1iYWxkd2luOTBAZ21haWwuY29tWAQAAAAD) if you want to cook with gas. Take [our news quiz](~/AAAAAQA~/RgRnIgvJP0TvaHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnl0aW1lcy5jb20vaW50ZXJhY3RpdmUvMjAyMy8xMC8yNy9icmllZmluZy9xdWl6LWdhemEtc3BlYWtlci1tYWluZS1vdGlzLmh0bWw_Y2FtcGFpZ25faWQ9OSZlbWM9ZWRpdF9ubl8yMDIzMTAzMCZpbnN0YW5jZV9pZD0xMDY0NDMmbmw9dGhlLW1vcm5pbmcmcmVnaV9pZD03NzY3NDk1MiZzZWdtZW50X2lkPTE0ODY2NSZ0ZT0xJnVzZXJfaWQ9YWE0OTFlZjdmMWQ5NjRlNDk3OWZiNzg0ZTc0ZTAxZDdXA255dEIKZTzJhj9lYsmWOFIbdHJpc3RyYW1iYWxkd2luOTBAZ21haWwuY29tWAQAAAAD). GAMES ~/AAAAAQA~/RgRnIgvJP0TCaHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnl0aW1lcy5jb20vcHV6emxlcy9zcGVsbGluZy1iZWU_Y2FtcGFpZ25faWQ9OSZlbWM9ZWRpdF9ubl8yMDIzMTAzMCZpbnN0YW5jZV9pZD0xMDY0NDMmbmw9dGhlLW1vcm5pbmcmcmVnaV9pZD03NzY3NDk1MiZzZWdtZW50X2lkPTE0ODY2NSZ0ZT0xJnVzZXJfaWQ9YWE0OTFlZjdmMWQ5NjRlNDk3OWZiNzg0ZTc0ZTAxZDdXA255dEIKZTzJhj9lYsmWOFIbdHJpc3RyYW1iYWxkd2luOTBAZ21haWwuY29tWAQAAAAD Here is [today’s Spelling Bee](~/AAAAAQA~/RgRnIgvJP0TCaHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnl0aW1lcy5jb20vcHV6emxlcy9zcGVsbGluZy1iZWU_Y2FtcGFpZ25faWQ9OSZlbWM9ZWRpdF9ubl8yMDIzMTAzMCZpbnN0YW5jZV9pZD0xMDY0NDMmbmw9dGhlLW1vcm5pbmcmcmVnaV9pZD03NzY3NDk1MiZzZWdtZW50X2lkPTE0ODY2NSZ0ZT0xJnVzZXJfaWQ9YWE0OTFlZjdmMWQ5NjRlNDk3OWZiNzg0ZTc0ZTAxZDdXA255dEIKZTzJhj9lYsmWOFIbdHJpc3RyYW1iYWxkd2luOTBAZ21haWwuY29tWAQAAAAD). Yesterday’s pangram was handbill. And here are [today’s Mini Crossword](~/AAAAAQA~/RgRnIgvJP0TCaHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnl0aW1lcy5jb20vY3Jvc3N3b3Jkcy9nYW1lL21pbmk_Y2FtcGFpZ25faWQ9OSZlbWM9ZWRpdF9ubl8yMDIzMTAzMCZpbnN0YW5jZV9pZD0xMDY0NDMmbmw9dGhlLW1vcm5pbmcmcmVnaV9pZD03NzY3NDk1MiZzZWdtZW50X2lkPTE0ODY2NSZ0ZT0xJnVzZXJfaWQ9YWE0OTFlZjdmMWQ5NjRlNDk3OWZiNzg0ZTc0ZTAxZDdXA255dEIKZTzJhj9lYsmWOFIbdHJpc3RyYW1iYWxkd2luOTBAZ21haWwuY29tWAQAAAAD), [Wordle](~/AAAAAQA~/RgRnIgvJP0TFaHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnl0aW1lcy5jb20vZ2FtZXMvd29yZGxlL2luZGV4Lmh0bWw_Y2FtcGFpZ25faWQ9OSZlbWM9ZWRpdF9ubl8yMDIzMTAzMCZpbnN0YW5jZV9pZD0xMDY0NDMmbmw9dGhlLW1vcm5pbmcmcmVnaV9pZD03NzY3NDk1MiZzZWdtZW50X2lkPTE0ODY2NSZ0ZT0xJnVzZXJfaWQ9YWE0OTFlZjdmMWQ5NjRlNDk3OWZiNzg0ZTc0ZTAxZDdXA255dEIKZTzJhj9lYsmWOFIbdHJpc3RyYW1iYWxkd2luOTBAZ21haWwuY29tWAQAAAAD), [Sudoku](~/AAAAAQA~/RgRnIgvJP0S8aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnl0aW1lcy5jb20vcHV6emxlcy9zdWRva3U_Y2FtcGFpZ25faWQ9OSZlbWM9ZWRpdF9ubl8yMDIzMTAzMCZpbnN0YW5jZV9pZD0xMDY0NDMmbmw9dGhlLW1vcm5pbmcmcmVnaV9pZD03NzY3NDk1MiZzZWdtZW50X2lkPTE0ODY2NSZ0ZT0xJnVzZXJfaWQ9YWE0OTFlZjdmMWQ5NjRlNDk3OWZiNzg0ZTc0ZTAxZDdXA255dEIKZTzJhj9lYsmWOFIbdHJpc3RyYW1iYWxkd2luOTBAZ21haWwuY29tWAQAAAAD) and [Connections](~/AAAAAQA~/RgRnIgvJP0S_aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnl0aW1lcy5jb20vZ2FtZXMvY29ubmVjdGlvbnM_Y2FtcGFpZ25faWQ9OSZlbWM9ZWRpdF9ubl8yMDIzMTAzMCZpbnN0YW5jZV9pZD0xMDY0NDMmbmw9dGhlLW1vcm5pbmcmcmVnaV9pZD03NzY3NDk1MiZzZWdtZW50X2lkPTE0ODY2NSZ0ZT0xJnVzZXJfaWQ9YWE0OTFlZjdmMWQ5NjRlNDk3OWZiNzg0ZTc0ZTAxZDdXA255dEIKZTzJhj9lYsmWOFIbdHJpc3RyYW1iYWxkd2luOTBAZ21haWwuY29tWAQAAAAD). Thanks for spending part of your morning with The Times. See you tomorrow. — David and Lauren P.S. Yesterday marked 2,000 days of Spelling Bee! [Sign up here to get this newsletter in your inbox](~/AAAAAQA~/RgRnIgvJP0TKaHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnl0aW1lcy5jb20vbmV3c2xldHRlcnMvbW9ybmluZy1icmllZmluZz9jYW1wYWlnbl9pZD05JmVtYz1lZGl0X25uXzIwMjMxMDMwJmluc3RhbmNlX2lkPTEwNjQ0MyZubD10aGUtbW9ybmluZyZyZWdpX2lkPTc3Njc0OTUyJnNlZ21lbnRfaWQ9MTQ4NjY1JnRlPTEmdXNlcl9pZD1hYTQ5MWVmN2YxZDk2NGU0OTc5ZmI3ODRlNzRlMDFkN1cDbnl0QgplPMmGP2ViyZY4Uht0cmlzdHJhbWJhbGR3aW45MEBnbWFpbC5jb21YBAAAAAM~). Reach our team at themorning@nytimes.com. [The Morning Newsletter Logo] Editor: David Leonhardt News Editor: Tom Wright-Piersanti News Staff: Desiree Ibekwe, Lauren Jackson, Sean Kawasaki-Culligan, Brent Lewis, German Lopez, Ian Prasad Philbrick, Ashley Wu News Assistant: Lyna Bentahar Saturday Writer: Melissa Kirsch Need help? Review our [newsletter help page](~/AAAAAQA~/RgRnIgvJP0TZaHR0cHM6Ly9oZWxwLm55dGltZXMuY29tL2hjL2VuLXVzL2FydGljbGVzLzM2MDAwMTQ4ODI2Ni1OZXdzbGV0dGVycz9jYW1wYWlnbl9pZD05JmVtYz1lZGl0X25uXzIwMjMxMDMwJmluc3RhbmNlX2lkPTEwNjQ0MyZubD10aGUtbW9ybmluZyZyZWdpX2lkPTc3Njc0OTUyJnNlZ21lbnRfaWQ9MTQ4NjY1JnRlPTEmdXNlcl9pZD1hYTQ5MWVmN2YxZDk2NGU0OTc5ZmI3ODRlNzRlMDFkN1cDbnl0QgplPMmGP2ViyZY4Uht0cmlzdHJhbWJhbGR3aW45MEBnbWFpbC5jb21YBAAAAAM~) or [contact us](~/AAAAAQA~/RgRnIgvJP0TYaHR0cHM6Ly9oZWxwLm55dGltZXMuY29tL2hjL2VuLXVzL2FydGljbGVzLzExNTAxNTM4NTg4Ny1Db250YWN0LXVzP2NhbXBhaWduX2lkPTkmZW1jPWVkaXRfbm5fMjAyMzEwMzAmaW5zdGFuY2VfaWQ9MTA2NDQzJm5sPXRoZS1tb3JuaW5nJnJlZ2lfaWQ9Nzc2NzQ5NTImc2VnbWVudF9pZD0xNDg2NjUmdGU9MSZ1c2VyX2lkPWFhNDkxZWY3ZjFkOTY0ZTQ5NzlmYjc4NGU3NGUwMWQ3VwNueXRCCmU8yYY_ZWLJljhSG3RyaXN0cmFtYmFsZHdpbjkwQGdtYWlsLmNvbVgEAAAAAw~~) for assistance. You received this email because you signed up for the Morning newsletter from The New York Times, or as part of your New York Times account. 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