The Human Toll of America’s Air Wars

Part 2 of the Civilian Casualty Files. 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On March 5, 2016, 21 family members sat down to dinner in West Mosul, Iraq. None of them knew that at that moment, their neighborhood was in the cross hairs of the American military. A U.S. airstrike killed them all. In recent decades, the United States has fundamentally transformed its approach to war, replacing American troops on the ground with an arsenal of aircraft directed by controllers sitting at computers, often thousands of miles away. These airstrikes have allowed America to wage war with minimal risk to its troops. But for civilians on the ground, the strikes have brought terror and tragedy. [Our investigation reveals](~/AAAAAQA~/RgRjsW80P0T-aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnl0aW1lcy5jb20vMjAyMS8xMi8xOS9tYWdhemluZS92aWN0aW1zLWFpcnN0cmlrZXMtbWlkZGxlLWVhc3QtY2l2aWxpYW5zLmh0bWw_Y2FtcGFpZ25faWQ9NTImZW1jPWVkaXRfbWFfMjAyMTEyMzEmaW5zdGFuY2VfaWQ9NDkwNTgmbmw9dGhlLW5ldy15b3JrLXRpbWVzLW1hZ2F6aW5lJnJlZ2lfaWQ9Nzc2NzQ5NTImc2VnbWVudF9pZD03ODMyOSZ0ZT0xJnVzZXJfaWQ9YWE0OTFlZjdmMWQ5NjRlNDk3OWZiNzg0ZTc0ZTAxZDdXA255dEIKYbs06s5hVTGgAFIbdHJpc3RyYW1iYWxkd2luOTBAZ21haWwuY29tWAQAAAAA)the disastrous failures of the U.S. military’s long-distance approach to warfare. The investigative reporter Azmat Khan has spent the past five years reporting across Iraq, Syria and Afghanistan, interviewing relatives and survivors and trying to gain a clear picture of the ground reality created by the U.S. air campaign. Civilians in these regions have come to understand that with no warning, a bomb may pierce the sky, targeting their homes, killing their families in a terrifying instant. And that if this were to happen, it was unlikely anyone would ever tell them why. ([Read Part 1 of our series, which detailed the failures of intelligence and accountability revealed by a trove of internal Pentagon documents](~/AAAAAQA~/RgRjsW80P4QHAWh0dHBzOi8vd3d3Lm55dGltZXMuY29tL2ludGVyYWN0aXZlLzIwMjEvMTIvMTgvdXMvYWlyc3RyaWtlcy1wZW50YWdvbi1yZWNvcmRzLWNpdmlsaWFuLWRlYXRocy5odG1sP2NhbXBhaWduX2lkPTUyJmVtYz1lZGl0X21hXzIwMjExMjMxJmluc3RhbmNlX2lkPTQ5MDU4Jm5sPXRoZS1uZXcteW9yay10aW1lcy1tYWdhemluZSZyZWdpX2lkPTc3Njc0OTUyJnNlZ21lbnRfaWQ9NzgzMjkmdGU9MSZ1c2VyX2lkPWFhNDkxZWY3ZjFkOTY0ZTQ5NzlmYjc4NGU3NGUwMWQ3VwNueXRCCmG7NOrOYVUxoABSG3RyaXN0cmFtYmFsZHdpbjkwQGdtYWlsLmNvbVgEAAAAAA~~).) 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By Azmat Khan and Ivor Prickett](~/AAAAAQA~/RgRjsW80P0T-aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnl0aW1lcy5jb20vMjAyMS8xMi8xOS9tYWdhemluZS92aWN0aW1zLWFpcnN0cmlrZXMtbWlkZGxlLWVhc3QtY2l2aWxpYW5zLmh0bWw_Y2FtcGFpZ25faWQ9NTImZW1jPWVkaXRfbWFfMjAyMTEyMzEmaW5zdGFuY2VfaWQ9NDkwNTgmbmw9dGhlLW5ldy15b3JrLXRpbWVzLW1hZ2F6aW5lJnJlZ2lfaWQ9Nzc2NzQ5NTImc2VnbWVudF9pZD03ODMyOSZ0ZT0xJnVzZXJfaWQ9YWE0OTFlZjdmMWQ5NjRlNDk3OWZiNzg0ZTc0ZTAxZDdXA255dEIKYbs06s5hVTGgAFIbdHJpc3RyYW1iYWxkd2luOTBAZ21haWwuY29tWAQAAAAA) MORE FROM THE MAGAZINE: [[Article Image] Maisie Cousins for The New York Times](~/AAAAAQA~/RgRjsW80P0TlaHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnl0aW1lcy5jb20vMjAyMS8xMi8yNy9tYWdhemluZS9kaXNndXN0LXNjaWVuY2UuaHRtbD9jYW1wYWlnbl9pZD01MiZlbWM9ZWRpdF9tYV8yMDIxMTIzMSZpbnN0YW5jZV9pZD00OTA1OCZubD10aGUtbmV3LXlvcmstdGltZXMtbWFnYXppbmUmcmVnaV9pZD03NzY3NDk1MiZzZWdtZW50X2lkPTc4MzI5JnRlPTEmdXNlcl9pZD1hYTQ5MWVmN2YxZDk2NGU0OTc5ZmI3ODRlNzRlMDFkN1cDbnl0QgphuzTqzmFVMaAAUht0cmlzdHJhbWJhbGR3aW45MEBnbWFpbC5jb21YBAAAAAA~) [How Disgust Explains Everything For psychologists who study it, disgust is one of the primal emotions that define — and explain — humanity. 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