The Morning: Ukraine, explained

Why people fear war there. [View in browser](~/AAAAAQA~/RgRjkxdNP4QkAWh0dHBzOi8vbWVzc2FnaW5nLWN1c3RvbS1uZXdzbGV0dGVycy5ueXRpbWVzLmNvbS90ZW1wbGF0ZS9vYWt2Mj9jYW1wYWlnbl9pZD05JmVtYz1lZGl0X25uXzIwMjExMjA4Jmluc3RhbmNlX2lkPTQ3MjQzJm5sPXRoZS1tb3JuaW5nJnByb2R1Y3RDb2RlPU5OJnJlZ2lfaWQ9Nzc2NzQ5NTImc2VnbWVudF9pZD03NjM3MSZ0ZT0xJnVyaT1ueXQlM0ElMkYlMkZuZXdzbGV0dGVyJTJGZGRiYmM3YTQtNTE2NS01MDgwLWI1MDUtZDcyMmJlOTU5NDQ2JnVzZXJfaWQ9YWE0OTFlZjdmMWQ5NjRlNDk3OWZiNzg0ZTc0ZTAxZDdXA255dEIKYa5NkrBhgvl6QlIbdHJpc3RyYW1iYWxkd2luOTBAZ21haWwuY29tWAQAAAAA)|[nytimes.com](~/AAAAAQA~/RgRjkxdNP0SsaHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnl0aW1lcy5jb20vP2NhbXBhaWduX2lkPTkmZW1jPWVkaXRfbm5fMjAyMTEyMDgmaW5zdGFuY2VfaWQ9NDcyNDMmbmw9dGhlLW1vcm5pbmcmcmVnaV9pZD03NzY3NDk1MiZzZWdtZW50X2lkPTc2MzcxJnRlPTEmdXNlcl9pZD1hYTQ5MWVmN2YxZDk2NGU0OTc5ZmI3ODRlNzRlMDFkN1cDbnl0Qgphrk2SsGGC-XpCUht0cmlzdHJhbWJhbGR3aW45MEBnbWFpbC5jb21YBAAAAAA~)[Continue reading the main story](#a11y-skip-ad-marquee) ~/AAAAAQA~/RgRjkxdNP0RtaHR0cHM6Ly9saXZlaW50ZW50Lm5ld3lvcmt0aW1lc2luZm8uY29tL2NsaWNrP3M9MTYyMDA2JmxpPU5OJm09YWE0OTFlZjdmMWQ5NjRlNDk3OWZiNzg0ZTc0ZTAxZDcmcD1OTl8yMDIxMTIwOFcDbnl0Qgphrk2SsGGC-XpCUht0cmlzdHJhbWJhbGR3aW45MEBnbWFpbC5jb21YBAAAAAA~ December 8, 2021 [Author Headshot](~/AAAAAQA~/RgRjkxdNP0S-aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnl0aW1lcy5jb20vYnkvZGF2aWQtbGVvbmhhcmR0P2NhbXBhaWduX2lkPTkmZW1jPWVkaXRfbm5fMjAyMTEyMDgmaW5zdGFuY2VfaWQ9NDcyNDMmbmw9dGhlLW1vcm5pbmcmcmVnaV9pZD03NzY3NDk1MiZzZWdtZW50X2lkPTc2MzcxJnRlPTEmdXNlcl9pZD1hYTQ5MWVmN2YxZDk2NGU0OTc5ZmI3ODRlNzRlMDFkN1cDbnl0Qgphrk2SsGGC-XpCUht0cmlzdHJhbWJhbGR3aW45MEBnbWFpbC5jb21YBAAAAAA~) By [David Leonhardt](~/AAAAAQA~/RgRjkxdNP0S-aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnl0aW1lcy5jb20vYnkvZGF2aWQtbGVvbmhhcmR0P2NhbXBhaWduX2lkPTkmZW1jPWVkaXRfbm5fMjAyMTEyMDgmaW5zdGFuY2VfaWQ9NDcyNDMmbmw9dGhlLW1vcm5pbmcmcmVnaV9pZD03NzY3NDk1MiZzZWdtZW50X2lkPTc2MzcxJnRlPTEmdXNlcl9pZD1hYTQ5MWVmN2YxZDk2NGU0OTc5ZmI3ODRlNzRlMDFkN1cDbnl0Qgphrk2SsGGC-XpCUht0cmlzdHJhbWJhbGR3aW45MEBnbWFpbC5jb21YBAAAAAA~) Good morning. We explain how U.S. weakness emboldens Moscow and Beijing. Ukrainian soldiers in a frontline position.Brendan Hoffman for The New York Times Autocracy vs. democracy If you were a foreign leader hostile to the United States — sitting in, say, Moscow or Beijing — how would you view the U.S. today? You would know that it has conducted [two largely failed wars](~/AAAAAQA~/RgRjkxdNP0TnaHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnl0aW1lcy5jb20vMjAyMS8wOS8xMC9icmllZmluZy9zZXB0ZW1iZXItMTEtYmlkZW4tdmFjY2luZS1tYW5kYXRlLmh0bWw_Y2FtcGFpZ25faWQ9OSZlbWM9ZWRpdF9ubl8yMDIxMTIwOCZpbnN0YW5jZV9pZD00NzI0MyZubD10aGUtbW9ybmluZyZyZWdpX2lkPTc3Njc0OTUyJnNlZ21lbnRfaWQ9NzYzNzEmdGU9MSZ1c2VyX2lkPWFhNDkxZWY3ZjFkOTY0ZTQ5NzlmYjc4NGU3NGUwMWQ3VwNueXRCCmGuTZKwYYL5ekJSG3RyaXN0cmFtYmFsZHdpbjkwQGdtYWlsLmNvbVgEAAAAAA~~), in Afghanistan and Iraq, over the past 20 years and that many Americans have no interest in fighting another faraway conflict with a fuzzy connection to national security. You would know that the U.S. itself can’t seem to decide how strongly it feels about democracy, with a former president and his allies around the country mimicking the playbook of autocrats willing [to subvert election results](~/AAAAAQA~/RgRjkxdNP0TRaHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnl0aW1lcy5jb20vMjAyMS8wMS8zMS91cy90cnVtcC1lbGVjdGlvbi1saWUuaHRtbD9jYW1wYWlnbl9pZD05JmVtYz1lZGl0X25uXzIwMjExMjA4Jmluc3RhbmNlX2lkPTQ3MjQzJm5sPXRoZS1tb3JuaW5nJnJlZ2lfaWQ9Nzc2NzQ5NTImc2VnbWVudF9pZD03NjM3MSZ0ZT0xJnVzZXJfaWQ9YWE0OTFlZjdmMWQ5NjRlNDk3OWZiNzg0ZTc0ZTAxZDdXA255dEIKYa5NkrBhgvl6QlIbdHJpc3RyYW1iYWxkd2luOTBAZ21haWwuY29tWAQAAAAA). And you would know that the U.S. is so politically polarized that many voters and members of Congress may not rally around a president even during a foreign crisis. Americans, after all, have reacted to the pandemic with division and anger, which has fueled [widespread refusal](~/AAAAAQA~/RgRjkxdNP0ThaHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnl0aW1lcy5jb20vMjAyMS8xMS8wOC9icmllZmluZy9jb3ZpZC1kZWF0aC10b2xsLXJlZC1hbWVyaWNhLmh0bWw_Y2FtcGFpZ25faWQ9OSZlbWM9ZWRpdF9ubl8yMDIxMTIwOCZpbnN0YW5jZV9pZD00NzI0MyZubD10aGUtbW9ybmluZyZyZWdpX2lkPTc3Njc0OTUyJnNlZ21lbnRfaWQ9NzYzNzEmdGU9MSZ1c2VyX2lkPWFhNDkxZWY3ZjFkOTY0ZTQ5NzlmYjc4NGU3NGUwMWQ3VwNueXRCCmGuTZKwYYL5ekJSG3RyaXN0cmFtYmFsZHdpbjkwQGdtYWlsLmNvbVgEAAAAAA~~) to take lifesaving vaccines and [continuing chaos in schools](~/AAAAAQA~/RgRjkxdNP0TvaHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnl0aW1lcy5jb20vMjAyMS8xMi8wMS91cy9jZW50cmFsLWJ1Y2tzLXNjaG9vbC1ib2FyZC1wb2xpdGljcy1wZW5uc3lsdmFuaWEuaHRtbD9jYW1wYWlnbl9pZD05JmVtYz1lZGl0X25uXzIwMjExMjA4Jmluc3RhbmNlX2lkPTQ3MjQzJm5sPXRoZS1tb3JuaW5nJnJlZ2lfaWQ9Nzc2NzQ5NTImc2VnbWVudF9pZD03NjM3MSZ0ZT0xJnVzZXJfaWQ9YWE0OTFlZjdmMWQ5NjRlNDk3OWZiNzg0ZTc0ZTAxZDdXA255dEIKYa5NkrBhgvl6QlIbdHJpc3RyYW1iYWxkd2luOTBAZ21haWwuY29tWAQAAAAA). Given all of this, you might not be feeling especially intimidated by the U.S., even though it continues to have the world’s largest economy, most important currency and strongest military. This background helps explain the tensions in both Ukraine and [Taiwan](~/AAAAAQA~/RgRjkxdNP0TXaHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnl0aW1lcy5jb20vMjAyMS8wNC8wOS9icmllZmluZy90YWl3YW4tY2hpbmEtYmlkZW4uaHRtbD9jYW1wYWlnbl9pZD05JmVtYz1lZGl0X25uXzIwMjExMjA4Jmluc3RhbmNlX2lkPTQ3MjQzJm5sPXRoZS1tb3JuaW5nJnJlZ2lfaWQ9Nzc2NzQ5NTImc2VnbWVudF9pZD03NjM3MSZ0ZT0xJnVzZXJfaWQ9YWE0OTFlZjdmMWQ5NjRlNDk3OWZiNzg0ZTc0ZTAxZDdXA255dEIKYa5NkrBhgvl6QlIbdHJpc3RyYW1iYWxkd2luOTBAZ21haWwuY29tWAQAAAAA). In each, an authoritarian power is making noises about invading a small nearby democracy, and the U.S. has issued stern warnings against any such action. The two authoritarian powers — Russia and China — may ultimately choose to stand down, at least temporarily. But their increasing aggression is a sign of their willingness to defy what their leaders see as a weakened U.S. Today, I’m going to focus on Ukraine. President Biden and President Vladimir Putin of Russia spent two hours in [a tense video call yesterday](~/AAAAAQA~/RgRjkxdNP0TiaHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnl0aW1lcy5jb20vMjAyMS8xMi8wNy91cy9wb2xpdGljcy9iaWRlbi1wdXRpbi11a3JhaW5lLXN1bW1pdC5odG1sP2NhbXBhaWduX2lkPTkmZW1jPWVkaXRfbm5fMjAyMTEyMDgmaW5zdGFuY2VfaWQ9NDcyNDMmbmw9dGhlLW1vcm5pbmcmcmVnaV9pZD03NzY3NDk1MiZzZWdtZW50X2lkPTc2MzcxJnRlPTEmdXNlcl9pZD1hYTQ5MWVmN2YxZDk2NGU0OTc5ZmI3ODRlNzRlMDFkN1cDbnl0Qgphrk2SsGGC-XpCUht0cmlzdHJhbWJhbGR3aW45MEBnbWFpbC5jb21YBAAAAAA~), focused largely on Ukraine. Russia recently moved troops toward the Ukrainian border, creating fears of an invasion. The background Putin believes that Ukraine — a country of 44 million people that was previously part of the Soviet Union — should be subservient to Russia. The two countries share a 1,200-mile border [as well as cultural and linguistic ties](~/AAAAAQA~/RgRjkxdNP0TkaHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnl0aW1lcy5jb20vMjAyMS8xMi8wNS93b3JsZC9ldXJvcGUvcHV0aW4tcnVzc2lhLXVrcmFpbmUtdHJvb3BzLmh0bWw_Y2FtcGFpZ25faWQ9OSZlbWM9ZWRpdF9ubl8yMDIxMTIwOCZpbnN0YW5jZV9pZD00NzI0MyZubD10aGUtbW9ybmluZyZyZWdpX2lkPTc3Njc0OTUyJnNlZ21lbnRfaWQ9NzYzNzEmdGU9MSZ1c2VyX2lkPWFhNDkxZWY3ZjFkOTY0ZTQ5NzlmYjc4NGU3NGUwMWQ3VwNueXRCCmGuTZKwYYL5ekJSG3RyaXN0cmFtYmFsZHdpbjkwQGdtYWlsLmNvbVgEAAAAAA~~) (which many Ukrainians think Putin exaggerates). But instead of aligning itself with Russia, Ukraine has shifted toward the West, including the toppling a Putin-backed leader in 2014. Ukraine’s current president, Volodymyr Zelensky, has [pushed back](~/AAAAAQA~/RgRjkxdNP0TfaHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnl0aW1lcy5jb20vMjAyMS8wOC8zMS93b3JsZC9ldXJvcGUvdWtyYWluZS1iaWRlbi16ZWxlbnNreS5odG1sP2NhbXBhaWduX2lkPTkmZW1jPWVkaXRfbm5fMjAyMTEyMDgmaW5zdGFuY2VfaWQ9NDcyNDMmbmw9dGhlLW1vcm5pbmcmcmVnaV9pZD03NzY3NDk1MiZzZWdtZW50X2lkPTc2MzcxJnRlPTEmdXNlcl9pZD1hYTQ5MWVmN2YxZDk2NGU0OTc5ZmI3ODRlNzRlMDFkN1cDbnl0Qgphrk2SsGGC-XpCUht0cmlzdHJhbWJhbGR3aW45MEBnbWFpbC5jb21YBAAAAAA~) against Russia’s attempts to expand its influence. “Putin sees Ukraine developing into a de facto U.S. and NATO military outpost,” my colleague Michael Crowley, who covers the State Department, says. Russia’s amassing of troops along Ukraine’s border is a signal that Putin will consider an invasion unless Ukraine backs away from the West. Russia already annexed Ukraine’s Crimean Peninsula in a 2014 military operation, although much of the world does not acknowledge it as Russian territory. Why now? Foreign aggression often gives political leaders a chance to rally nationalistic support at home, especially as a distraction from domestic problems. And Russia has domestic problems, like surging Covid-19 cases, slow-growing wages and rising prices. Last year, opposition groups held some of the largest anti-Putin marches in years. Putin may also fear that his sway over Ukraine is weakening, both because of Zelensky’s resistance within Ukraine and because of Russian politics. [Kadri Liik](~/AAAAAQA~/RgRjkxdNP0TpaHR0cHM6Ly9lY2ZyLmV1L2FydGljbGUvYmlkZW4tbWVldHMtcHV0aW4td2hhdC1saWVzLWJlaGluZC1ydXNzaWFzLW1pbGl0YXJ5LWJ1aWxkLXVwLz9jYW1wYWlnbl9pZD05JmVtYz1lZGl0X25uXzIwMjExMjA4Jmluc3RhbmNlX2lkPTQ3MjQzJm5sPXRoZS1tb3JuaW5nJnJlZ2lfaWQ9Nzc2NzQ5NTImc2VnbWVudF9pZD03NjM3MSZ0ZT0xJnVzZXJfaWQ9YWE0OTFlZjdmMWQ5NjRlNDk3OWZiNzg0ZTc0ZTAxZDdXA255dEIKYa5NkrBhgvl6QlIbdHJpc3RyYW1iYWxkd2luOTBAZ21haWwuY29tWAQAAAAA) of the European Council on Foreign Relations writes: Not all members of Russia’s political establishment share Putin’s obsession with the country, or his passionate view that the Ukrainians and Russians are the same people. “Putin sees that the next generation may care less, so he has decided that he must create facts for them,” one Russian policy insider [said]. Putin and Biden in Geneva last summer.Doug Mills/The New York Times Putin’s tactics and goals For years, Russian-backed separatists and Ukrainian troops have fought skirmishes [along Ukraine’s eastern border](~/AAAAAQA~/RgRjkxdNP0TyaHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnl0aW1lcy5jb20vaW50ZXJhY3RpdmUvMjAyMS8xMi8wNC91cy91cy1pbnRlbGxpZ2VuY2UtcnVzc2lhLW1pbGl0YXJ5LXVrcmFpbmUuaHRtbD9jYW1wYWlnbl9pZD05JmVtYz1lZGl0X25uXzIwMjExMjA4Jmluc3RhbmNlX2lkPTQ3MjQzJm5sPXRoZS1tb3JuaW5nJnJlZ2lfaWQ9Nzc2NzQ5NTImc2VnbWVudF9pZD03NjM3MSZ0ZT0xJnVzZXJfaWQ9YWE0OTFlZjdmMWQ5NjRlNDk3OWZiNzg0ZTc0ZTAxZDdXA255dEIKYa5NkrBhgvl6QlIbdHJpc3RyYW1iYWxkd2luOTBAZ21haWwuY29tWAQAAAAA) (the other hot spot, in addition to Crimea). The two sides exchanged fire from machine guns and grenade launchers yesterday. International diplomats worry the skirmishes could offer Putin a pretext for an invasion. Russia’s tactics are not limited to force, either. It has waged a disinformation campaign, falsely labeling the 2014 revolution a fascist coup and launching cyberattacks against Ukraine’s government, military and power systems. These tactics, of course, also recall Putin’s interference in the 2016 election to help Donald Trump’s campaign — which Russia has [falsely blamed](~/AAAAAQA~/RgRjkxdNP0TjaHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnl0aW1lcy5jb20vMjAxOS8xMS8yMi91cy9wb2xpdGljcy91a3JhaW5lLXJ1c3NpYS1pbnRlcmZlcmVuY2UuaHRtbD9jYW1wYWlnbl9pZD05JmVtYz1lZGl0X25uXzIwMjExMjA4Jmluc3RhbmNlX2lkPTQ3MjQzJm5sPXRoZS1tb3JuaW5nJnJlZ2lfaWQ9Nzc2NzQ5NTImc2VnbWVudF9pZD03NjM3MSZ0ZT0xJnVzZXJfaWQ9YWE0OTFlZjdmMWQ5NjRlNDk3OWZiNzg0ZTc0ZTAxZDdXA255dEIKYa5NkrBhgvl6QlIbdHJpc3RyYW1iYWxkd2luOTBAZ21haWwuY29tWAQAAAAA) on Ukraine. In a recent [Atlantic magazine story](~/AAAAAQA~/RgRjkxdNP0TqaHR0cHM6Ly93d3cudGhlYXRsYW50aWMuY29tL21hZ2F6aW5lL2FyY2hpdmUvMjAyMS8xMi90aGUtYXV0b2NyYXRzLWFyZS13aW5uaW5nLzYyMDUyNi8_Y2FtcGFpZ25faWQ9OSZlbWM9ZWRpdF9ubl8yMDIxMTIwOCZpbnN0YW5jZV9pZD00NzI0MyZubD10aGUtbW9ybmluZyZyZWdpX2lkPTc3Njc0OTUyJnNlZ21lbnRfaWQ9NzYzNzEmdGU9MSZ1c2VyX2lkPWFhNDkxZWY3ZjFkOTY0ZTQ5NzlmYjc4NGU3NGUwMWQ3VwNueXRCCmGuTZKwYYL5ekJSG3RyaXN0cmFtYmFsZHdpbjkwQGdtYWlsLmNvbVgEAAAAAA~~), Anne Applebaum explains how Putin and his allies are using disinformation to support an autocrat in Belarus as well. “They are seeking to entrench and solidify the autocratic world while undermining the democratic world,” Applebaum said in [a recent NPR interview](~/AAAAAQA~/RgRjkxdNP0T5aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnByLm9yZy8yMDIxLzExLzE4LzEwNTY4MjA1ODUvdHdpbGlnaHQtb2YtZGVtb2NyYWN5LWF1dGhvci1zYXlzLXRoZS1hdXRvY3JhdHMtYXJlLXdpbm5pbmc_Y2FtcGFpZ25faWQ9OSZlbWM9ZWRpdF9ubl8yMDIxMTIwOCZpbnN0YW5jZV9pZD00NzI0MyZubD10aGUtbW9ybmluZyZyZWdpX2lkPTc3Njc0OTUyJnNlZ21lbnRfaWQ9NzYzNzEmdGU9MSZ1c2VyX2lkPWFhNDkxZWY3ZjFkOTY0ZTQ5NzlmYjc4NGU3NGUwMWQ3VwNueXRCCmGuTZKwYYL5ekJSG3RyaXN0cmFtYmFsZHdpbjkwQGdtYWlsLmNvbVgEAAAAAA~~). Even if Russian troops don’t invade, Putin could gain from the confrontation, by intimidating the U.S. and Western Europe into [backing away from Ukraine](~/AAAAAQA~/RgRjkxdNP0TqaHR0cHM6Ly9jYXJuZWdpZWVuZG93bWVudC5vcmcvMjAyMS8xMS8xMi91a3JhaW5lLXB1dGluLXMtdW5maW5pc2hlZC1idXNpbmVzcy1wdWItODU3NzE_Y2FtcGFpZ25faWQ9OSZlbWM9ZWRpdF9ubl8yMDIxMTIwOCZpbnN0YW5jZV9pZD00NzI0MyZubD10aGUtbW9ybmluZyZyZWdpX2lkPTc3Njc0OTUyJnNlZ21lbnRfaWQ9NzYzNzEmdGU9MSZ1c2VyX2lkPWFhNDkxZWY3ZjFkOTY0ZTQ5NzlmYjc4NGU3NGUwMWQ3VwNueXRCCmGuTZKwYYL5ekJSG3RyaXN0cmFtYmFsZHdpbjkwQGdtYWlsLmNvbVgEAAAAAA~~). Putin has rejected multilateral diplomacy on Ukraine, insisting on one-on-one conversations with the U.S. “He wants a Cold War-style treaty,” Anton Troianovski, The Times’s Moscow bureau chief, says. But Putin’s demands — including a pledge that NATO would stop military cooperation with Ukraine — are probably too big for Biden to meet. More likely than a treaty is a continued mix of confrontation and diplomacy. U.S. leverage On its own, Ukraine’s military seems outmatched by Russia’s. And a full-scale U.S. military response seems doubtful, given a weariness of foreign wars that Biden and many American voters share. But Biden still has options. The U.S. [can increase its military support](~/AAAAAQA~/RgRjkxdNP0TXaHR0cHM6Ly9mb3JlaWducG9saWN5LmNvbS8yMDIxLzEyLzA2L2JpZGVuLXVrcmFpbmUtcnVzc2lhLW1pbGl0YXJ5Lz9jYW1wYWlnbl9pZD05JmVtYz1lZGl0X25uXzIwMjExMjA4Jmluc3RhbmNlX2lkPTQ3MjQzJm5sPXRoZS1tb3JuaW5nJnJlZ2lfaWQ9Nzc2NzQ5NTImc2VnbWVudF9pZD03NjM3MSZ0ZT0xJnVzZXJfaWQ9YWE0OTFlZjdmMWQ5NjRlNDk3OWZiNzg0ZTc0ZTAxZDdXA255dEIKYa5NkrBhgvl6QlIbdHJpc3RyYW1iYWxkd2luOTBAZ21haWwuY29tWAQAAAAA) to Ukraine, which could make a potential invasion look bloodier and more costly for Russia. (The U.S. is pursuing [a related strategy](~/AAAAAQA~/RgRjkxdNP0ThaHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnl0aW1lcy5jb20vMjAyMS8xMC8wOS93b3JsZC9hc2lhL3VuaXRlZC1zdGF0ZXMtY2hpbmEtdGFpd2FuLmh0bWw_Y2FtcGFpZ25faWQ9OSZlbWM9ZWRpdF9ubl8yMDIxMTIwOCZpbnN0YW5jZV9pZD00NzI0MyZubD10aGUtbW9ybmluZyZyZWdpX2lkPTc3Njc0OTUyJnNlZ21lbnRfaWQ9NzYzNzEmdGU9MSZ1c2VyX2lkPWFhNDkxZWY3ZjFkOTY0ZTQ5NzlmYjc4NGU3NGUwMWQ3VwNueXRCCmGuTZKwYYL5ekJSG3RyaXN0cmFtYmFsZHdpbjkwQGdtYWlsLmNvbVgEAAAAAA~~) in Taiwan.) Biden can also threaten sanctions on Russia, as he did on the call with Putin yesterday, according to Jake Sullivan, the president’s national security adviser. “He told President Putin directly that if Russia further invades Ukraine, the United States and our European allies would respond with strong economic measures,” [Sullivan told reporters](~/AAAAAQA~/RgRjkxdNP4QYAWh0dHBzOi8vd3d3Lm55dGltZXMuY29tL2xpdmUvMjAyMS8xMi8wNy93b3JsZC9iaWRlbi1wdXRpbj9jYW1wYWlnbl9pZD05JmVtYz1lZGl0X25uXzIwMjExMjA4Jmluc3RhbmNlX2lkPTQ3MjQzJm5sPXRoZS1tb3JuaW5nJnJlZ2lfaWQ9Nzc2NzQ5NTImc2VnbWVudF9pZD03NjM3MSZ0ZT0xJnVzZXJfaWQ9YWE0OTFlZjdmMWQ5NjRlNDk3OWZiNzg0ZTc0ZTAxZDcjYmlkZW4td2FybnMtcHV0aW4tb2YtZWNvbm9taWMtY29uc2VxdWVuY2VzLWlmLXJ1c3NpYW4tYWdncmVzc2lvbi1jb250aW51ZXNXA255dEIKYa5NkrBhgvl6QlIbdHJpc3RyYW1iYWxkd2luOTBAZ21haWwuY29tWAQAAAAA). If Russia does attack Ukraine, Biden said that the U.S. would react more strongly than it did to the 2014 takeover of the Crimean Peninsula. But sanctions might not be enough to deter Putin. As Applebaum has pointed out, autocracies have endured sanctions in recent years partly with economic aid from other autocracies, including China. It’s one of the realities of a world in which autocracy is on the rise. For more: [Five takeaways](~/AAAAAQA~/RgRjkxdNP0T6aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnl0aW1lcy5jb20vMjAyMS8xMi8wNy93b3JsZC9ldXJvcGUvaGVyZS1hcmUtZml2ZS10YWtlYXdheXMtZnJvbS10aGUtYmlkZW4tcHV0aW4tY2FsbC5odG1sP2NhbXBhaWduX2lkPTkmZW1jPWVkaXRfbm5fMjAyMTEyMDgmaW5zdGFuY2VfaWQ9NDcyNDMmbmw9dGhlLW1vcm5pbmcmcmVnaV9pZD03NzY3NDk1MiZzZWdtZW50X2lkPTc2MzcxJnRlPTEmdXNlcl9pZD1hYTQ5MWVmN2YxZDk2NGU0OTc5ZmI3ODRlNzRlMDFkN1cDbnl0Qgphrk2SsGGC-XpCUht0cmlzdHJhbWJhbGR3aW45MEBnbWFpbC5jb21YBAAAAAA~) from the Biden-Putin call. THE LATEST NEWS The Virus - A study suggested that Omicron might cause more breakthrough infections but [not necessarily more severe illness](~/AAAAAQA~/RgRjkxdNP0ThaHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnl0aW1lcy5jb20vMjAyMS8xMi8wNy9oZWFsdGgvb21pY3Jvbi12YXJpYW50LXBmaXplci12YWNjaW5lLmh0bWw_Y2FtcGFpZ25faWQ9OSZlbWM9ZWRpdF9ubl8yMDIxMTIwOCZpbnN0YW5jZV9pZD00NzI0MyZubD10aGUtbW9ybmluZyZyZWdpX2lkPTc3Njc0OTUyJnNlZ21lbnRfaWQ9NzYzNzEmdGU9MSZ1c2VyX2lkPWFhNDkxZWY3ZjFkOTY0ZTQ5NzlmYjc4NGU3NGUwMWQ3VwNueXRCCmGuTZKwYYL5ekJSG3RyaXN0cmFtYmFsZHdpbjkwQGdtYWlsLmNvbVgEAAAAAA~~). - The U.S. will [spend $400 million](~/AAAAAQA~/RgRjkxdNP0T6aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnl0aW1lcy5jb20vbGl2ZS8yMDIxLzEyLzA3L3dvcmxkL2NvdmlkLW9taWNyb24tdmFjY2luZS91cy00MDAtbWlsbGlvbi1nbG9iYWwtZGlzdHJpYnV0aW9uP2NhbXBhaWduX2lkPTkmZW1jPWVkaXRfbm5fMjAyMTEyMDgmaW5zdGFuY2VfaWQ9NDcyNDMmbmw9dGhlLW1vcm5pbmcmcmVnaV9pZD03NzY3NDk1MiZzZWdtZW50X2lkPTc2MzcxJnRlPTEmdXNlcl9pZD1hYTQ5MWVmN2YxZDk2NGU0OTc5ZmI3ODRlNzRlMDFkN1cDbnl0Qgphrk2SsGGC-XpCUht0cmlzdHJhbWJhbGR3aW45MEBnbWFpbC5jb21YBAAAAAA~) on vaccine distribution in Africa and elsewhere. - Here are answers to your [holiday travel questions](~/AAAAAQA~/RgRjkxdNP0TmaHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnl0aW1lcy5jb20vMjAyMS8xMi8wNy90cmF2ZWwvaG9saWRheS10cmF2ZWwtb21pY3Jvbi1yZXN0cmljdGlvbnMuaHRtbD9jYW1wYWlnbl9pZD05JmVtYz1lZGl0X25uXzIwMjExMjA4Jmluc3RhbmNlX2lkPTQ3MjQzJm5sPXRoZS1tb3JuaW5nJnJlZ2lfaWQ9Nzc2NzQ5NTImc2VnbWVudF9pZD03NjM3MSZ0ZT0xJnVzZXJfaWQ9YWE0OTFlZjdmMWQ5NjRlNDk3OWZiNzg0ZTc0ZTAxZDdXA255dEIKYa5NkrBhgvl6QlIbdHJpc3RyYW1iYWxkd2luOTBAZ21haWwuY29tWAQAAAAA). - Some schools are going remote on Fridays, and [parents are furious](~/AAAAAQA~/RgRjkxdNP0TkaHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnl0aW1lcy5jb20vMjAyMS8xMi8wOC91cy9jaG9vbHMtY2xvc2VkLWZyaWRheXMtcmVtb3RlLWxlYXJuaW5nLmh0bWw_Y2FtcGFpZ25faWQ9OSZlbWM9ZWRpdF9ubl8yMDIxMTIwOCZpbnN0YW5jZV9pZD00NzI0MyZubD10aGUtbW9ybmluZyZyZWdpX2lkPTc3Njc0OTUyJnNlZ21lbnRfaWQ9NzYzNzEmdGU9MSZ1c2VyX2lkPWFhNDkxZWY3ZjFkOTY0ZTQ5NzlmYjc4NGU3NGUwMWQ3VwNueXRCCmGuTZKwYYL5ekJSG3RyaXN0cmFtYmFsZHdpbjkwQGdtYWlsLmNvbVgEAAAAAA~~). - Has your local school returned to prepandemic normal? [The Morning newsletter wants to hear from you](~/AAAAAQA~/RgRjkxdNP0TiaHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnl0aW1lcy5jb20vMjAyMS8xMi8wNy9icmllZmluZy9pcy15b3VyLXNjaG9vbC1iYWNrLXRvLW5vcm1hbC5odG1sP2NhbXBhaWduX2lkPTkmZW1jPWVkaXRfbm5fMjAyMTEyMDgmaW5zdGFuY2VfaWQ9NDcyNDMmbmw9dGhlLW1vcm5pbmcmcmVnaV9pZD03NzY3NDk1MiZzZWdtZW50X2lkPTc2MzcxJnRlPTEmdXNlcl9pZD1hYTQ5MWVmN2YxZDk2NGU0OTc5ZmI3ODRlNzRlMDFkN1cDbnl0Qgphrk2SsGGC-XpCUht0cmlzdHJhbWJhbGR3aW45MEBnbWFpbC5jb21YBAAAAAA~). Politics - The House passed legislation to help [prevent the federal government from defaulting](~/AAAAAQA~/RgRjkxdNP0TiaHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnl0aW1lcy5jb20vMjAyMS8xMi8wNy91cy9wb2xpdGljcy9kZWJ0LWNlaWxpbmctZGVhbC1jb25ncmVzcy5odG1sP2NhbXBhaWduX2lkPTkmZW1jPWVkaXRfbm5fMjAyMTEyMDgmaW5zdGFuY2VfaWQ9NDcyNDMmbmw9dGhlLW1vcm5pbmcmcmVnaV9pZD03NzY3NDk1MiZzZWdtZW50X2lkPTc2MzcxJnRlPTEmdXNlcl9pZD1hYTQ5MWVmN2YxZDk2NGU0OTc5ZmI3ODRlNzRlMDFkN1cDbnl0Qgphrk2SsGGC-XpCUht0cmlzdHJhbWJhbGR3aW45MEBnbWFpbC5jb21YBAAAAAA~). - The House also [passed a $768 billion defense policy bill](~/AAAAAQA~/RgRjkxdNP0TmaHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnl0aW1lcy5jb20vMjAyMS8xMi8wNy91cy9wb2xpdGljcy9kZWZlbnNlLWJ1ZGdldC1kZW1vY3JhdHMtYmlkZW4uaHRtbD9jYW1wYWlnbl9pZD05JmVtYz1lZGl0X25uXzIwMjExMjA4Jmluc3RhbmNlX2lkPTQ3MjQzJm5sPXRoZS1tb3JuaW5nJnJlZ2lfaWQ9Nzc2NzQ5NTImc2VnbWVudF9pZD03NjM3MSZ0ZT0xJnVzZXJfaWQ9YWE0OTFlZjdmMWQ5NjRlNDk3OWZiNzg0ZTc0ZTAxZDdXA255dEIKYa5NkrBhgvl6QlIbdHJpc3RyYW1iYWxkd2luOTBAZ21haWwuY29tWAQAAAAA), which now moves to the Senate. - In a reversal, Mark Meadows, Trump’s former chief of staff, [refused to sit for an interview](~/AAAAAQA~/RgRjkxdNP0TfaHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnl0aW1lcy5jb20vMjAyMS8xMi8wNy91cy9wb2xpdGljcy9tZWFkb3dzLWNvb3BlcmF0ZS1qYW4tNi5odG1sP2NhbXBhaWduX2lkPTkmZW1jPWVkaXRfbm5fMjAyMTEyMDgmaW5zdGFuY2VfaWQ9NDcyNDMmbmw9dGhlLW1vcm5pbmcmcmVnaV9pZD03NzY3NDk1MiZzZWdtZW50X2lkPTc2MzcxJnRlPTEmdXNlcl9pZD1hYTQ5MWVmN2YxZDk2NGU0OTc5ZmI3ODRlNzRlMDFkN1cDbnl0Qgphrk2SsGGC-XpCUht0cmlzdHJhbWJhbGR3aW45MEBnbWFpbC5jb21YBAAAAAA~) with the committee investigating the Capitol attack. - Saule Omarova, Biden’s nominee for a banking regulator job, withdrew after [senators of both parties opposed her](~/AAAAAQA~/RgRjkxdNP0ThaHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnl0aW1lcy5jb20vMjAyMS8xMi8wNy9idXNpbmVzcy9zYXVsZS1vbWFyb3ZhLW9jYy1ub21pbmF0aW9uLmh0bWw_Y2FtcGFpZ25faWQ9OSZlbWM9ZWRpdF9ubl8yMDIxMTIwOCZpbnN0YW5jZV9pZD00NzI0MyZubD10aGUtbW9ybmluZyZyZWdpX2lkPTc3Njc0OTUyJnNlZ21lbnRfaWQ9NzYzNzEmdGU9MSZ1c2VyX2lkPWFhNDkxZWY3ZjFkOTY0ZTQ5NzlmYjc4NGU3NGUwMWQ3VwNueXRCCmGuTZKwYYL5ekJSG3RyaXN0cmFtYmFsZHdpbjkwQGdtYWlsLmNvbVgEAAAAAA~~). Other Big Stories The statue being removed last summer.Eze Amos for The New York Times - A statue of Robert E. Lee that once stood in Charlottesville, Va. — and was the focus of a 2017 white nationalist rally — will be [melted down](~/AAAAAQA~/RgRjkxdNP0TnaHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnl0aW1lcy5jb20vMjAyMS8xMi8wNy91cy9yb2JlcnQtZS1sZWUtc3RhdHVlLW1lbHQtY2hhcmxvdHRlc3ZpbGxlLmh0bWw_Y2FtcGFpZ25faWQ9OSZlbWM9ZWRpdF9ubl8yMDIxMTIwOCZpbnN0YW5jZV9pZD00NzI0MyZubD10aGUtbW9ybmluZyZyZWdpX2lkPTc3Njc0OTUyJnNlZ21lbnRfaWQ9NzYzNzEmdGU9MSZ1c2VyX2lkPWFhNDkxZWY3ZjFkOTY0ZTQ5NzlmYjc4NGU3NGUwMWQ3VwNueXRCCmGuTZKwYYL5ekJSG3RyaXN0cmFtYmFsZHdpbjkwQGdtYWlsLmNvbVgEAAAAAA~~) for a new artwork. - Olaf Scholz is [Germany’s new chancellor](~/AAAAAQA~/RgRjkxdNP0TXaHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnl0aW1lcy5jb20vbGl2ZS8yMDIxLzEyLzA4L3dvcmxkL2dlcm1hbnktc2Nob2x6LW1lcmtlbD9jYW1wYWlnbl9pZD05JmVtYz1lZGl0X25uXzIwMjExMjA4Jmluc3RhbmNlX2lkPTQ3MjQzJm5sPXRoZS1tb3JuaW5nJnJlZ2lfaWQ9Nzc2NzQ5NTImc2VnbWVudF9pZD03NjM3MSZ0ZT0xJnVzZXJfaWQ9YWE0OTFlZjdmMWQ5NjRlNDk3OWZiNzg0ZTc0ZTAxZDdXA255dEIKYa5NkrBhgvl6QlIbdHJpc3RyYW1iYWxkd2luOTBAZ21haWwuY29tWAQAAAAA), ending Angela Merkel’s 16-year tenure. - Chris Cuomo’s publisher [canceled his planned book](~/AAAAAQA~/RgRjkxdNP0TbaHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnl0aW1lcy5jb20vMjAyMS8xMi8wNy9idXNpbmVzcy9tZWRpYS9jaHJpcy1jdW9tby1ib29rLmh0bWw_Y2FtcGFpZ25faWQ9OSZlbWM9ZWRpdF9ubl8yMDIxMTIwOCZpbnN0YW5jZV9pZD00NzI0MyZubD10aGUtbW9ybmluZyZyZWdpX2lkPTc3Njc0OTUyJnNlZ21lbnRfaWQ9NzYzNzEmdGU9MSZ1c2VyX2lkPWFhNDkxZWY3ZjFkOTY0ZTQ5NzlmYjc4NGU3NGUwMWQ3VwNueXRCCmGuTZKwYYL5ekJSG3RyaXN0cmFtYmFsZHdpbjkwQGdtYWlsLmNvbVgEAAAAAA~~) about America’s challenges, “Deep Denial.” - Chile became the 31st country to [legalize same-sex marriage](~/AAAAAQA~/RgRjkxdNP0TdaHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnl0aW1lcy5jb20vMjAyMS8xMi8wNy93b3JsZC9hbWVyaWNhcy9jaGlsZS1nYXktbWFycmlhZ2UuaHRtbD9jYW1wYWlnbl9pZD05JmVtYz1lZGl0X25uXzIwMjExMjA4Jmluc3RhbmNlX2lkPTQ3MjQzJm5sPXRoZS1tb3JuaW5nJnJlZ2lfaWQ9Nzc2NzQ5NTImc2VnbWVudF9pZD03NjM3MSZ0ZT0xJnVzZXJfaWQ9YWE0OTFlZjdmMWQ5NjRlNDk3OWZiNzg0ZTc0ZTAxZDdXA255dEIKYa5NkrBhgvl6QlIbdHJpc3RyYW1iYWxkd2luOTBAZ21haWwuY29tWAQAAAAA). - An accuser of Jeffrey Epstein testified that when she was 14, Ghislaine Maxwell told her she had “[a great body for Mr. Epstein and his friends](~/AAAAAQA~/RgRjkxdNP0TkaHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnl0aW1lcy5jb20vMjAyMS8xMi8wNy9ueXJlZ2lvbi9naGlzbGFpbmUtbWF4d2VsbC10cmlhbC1jYXJvbHluLmh0bWw_Y2FtcGFpZ25faWQ9OSZlbWM9ZWRpdF9ubl8yMDIxMTIwOCZpbnN0YW5jZV9pZD00NzI0MyZubD10aGUtbW9ybmluZyZyZWdpX2lkPTc3Njc0OTUyJnNlZ21lbnRfaWQ9NzYzNzEmdGU9MSZ1c2VyX2lkPWFhNDkxZWY3ZjFkOTY0ZTQ5NzlmYjc4NGU3NGUwMWQ3VwNueXRCCmGuTZKwYYL5ekJSG3RyaXN0cmFtYmFsZHdpbjkwQGdtYWlsLmNvbVgEAAAAAA~~).” Opinions The media is [covering Biden too harshly](~/AAAAAQA~/RgRjkxdNP0TyaHR0cHM6Ly93d3cud2FzaGluZ3RvbnBvc3QuY29tL29waW5pb25zLzIwMjEvMTIvMDMvYmlkZW4tbWVkaWEtY292ZXJhZ2Utd29yc2UtdHJ1bXAtZmF2b3JhYmxlLz9jYW1wYWlnbl9pZD05JmVtYz1lZGl0X25uXzIwMjExMjA4Jmluc3RhbmNlX2lkPTQ3MjQzJm5sPXRoZS1tb3JuaW5nJnJlZ2lfaWQ9Nzc2NzQ5NTImc2VnbWVudF9pZD03NjM3MSZ0ZT0xJnVzZXJfaWQ9YWE0OTFlZjdmMWQ5NjRlNDk3OWZiNzg0ZTc0ZTAxZDdXA255dEIKYa5NkrBhgvl6QlIbdHJpc3RyYW1iYWxkd2luOTBAZ21haWwuY29tWAQAAAAA), The Washington Post’s Dana Milbank argues. Ross Douthat disagrees, writing that Biden’s negative press [reflects reality](~/AAAAAQA~/RgRjkxdNP0TbaHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnl0aW1lcy5jb20vMjAyMS8xMi8wOC9vcGluaW9uL3RydW1wLXByZXNzLXJlc3RvcmF0aW9uLmh0bWw_Y2FtcGFpZ25faWQ9OSZlbWM9ZWRpdF9ubl8yMDIxMTIwOCZpbnN0YW5jZV9pZD00NzI0MyZubD10aGUtbW9ybmluZyZyZWdpX2lkPTc3Njc0OTUyJnNlZ21lbnRfaWQ9NzYzNzEmdGU9MSZ1c2VyX2lkPWFhNDkxZWY3ZjFkOTY0ZTQ5NzlmYjc4NGU3NGUwMWQ3VwNueXRCCmGuTZKwYYL5ekJSG3RyaXN0cmFtYmFsZHdpbjkwQGdtYWlsLmNvbVgEAAAAAA~~). Slate’s Lili Loofbourow mourns [the American mall](~/AAAAAQA~/RgRjkxdNP0TSaHR0cHM6Ly9zbGF0ZS5jb20vYnVzaW5lc3MvMjAyMS8xMi9tYWxsLWRlYXRoLXNhZC11bmNhbm55Lmh0bWw_Y2FtcGFpZ25faWQ9OSZlbWM9ZWRpdF9ubl8yMDIxMTIwOCZpbnN0YW5jZV9pZD00NzI0MyZubD10aGUtbW9ybmluZyZyZWdpX2lkPTc3Njc0OTUyJnNlZ21lbnRfaWQ9NzYzNzEmdGU9MSZ1c2VyX2lkPWFhNDkxZWY3ZjFkOTY0ZTQ5NzlmYjc4NGU3NGUwMWQ3VwNueXRCCmGuTZKwYYL5ekJSG3RyaXN0cmFtYmFsZHdpbjkwQGdtYWlsLmNvbVgEAAAAAA~~). For the truth seeker. For the recipe hunter. For the puzzle conqueror. Give the gift of The New York Times — News, Cooking or Games — with [this special offer.](~/AAAAAQA~/RgRjkxdNP4QKAWh0dHBzOi8vd3d3Lm55dGltZXMuY29tL3N1YnNjcmlwdGlvbi9naWZ0P2FyZWFzPW5ld3NsZXR0ZXImY2FtcGFpZ249aG9saWRheWdpZnRpbmcmY2FtcGFpZ25JZD05S0Y5SiZjYW1wYWlnbl9pZD05JmNoYW5uZWw9dGhlbW9ybmluZyZlbWM9ZWRpdF9ubl8yMDIxMTIwOCZpbnN0YW5jZV9pZD00NzI0MyZubD10aGUtbW9ybmluZyZyZWdpX2lkPTc3Njc0OTUyJnNlZ21lbnRfaWQ9NzYzNzEmdGU9MSZ1c2VyX2lkPWFhNDkxZWY3ZjFkOTY0ZTQ5NzlmYjc4NGU3NGUwMWQ3VwNueXRCCmGuTZKwYYL5ekJSG3RyaXN0cmFtYmFsZHdpbjkwQGdtYWlsLmNvbVgEAAAAAA~~) [Continue reading the main story](#a11y-skip-0) ADVERTISEMENT ~/AAAAAQA~/RgRjkxdNP0RtaHR0cHM6Ly9saXZlaW50ZW50Lm5ld3lvcmt0aW1lc2luZm8uY29tL2NsaWNrP3M9MTYyMDAzJmxpPU5OJm09YWE0OTFlZjdmMWQ5NjRlNDk3OWZiNzg0ZTc0ZTAxZDcmcD1OTl8yMDIxMTIwOFcDbnl0Qgphrk2SsGGC-XpCUht0cmlzdHJhbWJhbGR3aW45MEBnbWFpbC5jb21YBAAAAAA~ MORNING READS Ready for the holidays.Trustees of the Natural History Museum, London Festive: It’s a Christmas sweater on a T. Rex. [Don’t call it ugly](~/AAAAAQA~/RgRjkxdNP0T2aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnl0aW1lcy5jb20vMjAyMS8xMi8wOC93b3JsZC9ldXJvcGUvdC1yZXgtY2hyaXN0bWFzLWp1bXBlci1uYXR1cmFsLWhpc3RvcnktbXVzZXVtLmh0bWw_Y2FtcGFpZ25faWQ9OSZlbWM9ZWRpdF9ubl8yMDIxMTIwOCZpbnN0YW5jZV9pZD00NzI0MyZubD10aGUtbW9ybmluZyZyZWdpX2lkPTc3Njc0OTUyJnNlZ21lbnRfaWQ9NzYzNzEmdGU9MSZ1c2VyX2lkPWFhNDkxZWY3ZjFkOTY0ZTQ5NzlmYjc4NGU3NGUwMWQ3VwNueXRCCmGuTZKwYYL5ekJSG3RyaXN0cmFtYmFsZHdpbjkwQGdtYWlsLmNvbVgEAAAAAA~~). Elusive truth: In an attack on a French soccer star, [no one is sure what to believe](~/AAAAAQA~/RgRjkxdNP0TkaHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnl0aW1lcy5jb20vMjAyMS8xMi8wNy9zcG9ydHMvc29jY2VyL3BzZy1hdHRhY2stZGlhbGxvLWhhbXJhb3VpLmh0bWw_Y2FtcGFpZ25faWQ9OSZlbWM9ZWRpdF9ubl8yMDIxMTIwOCZpbnN0YW5jZV9pZD00NzI0MyZubD10aGUtbW9ybmluZyZyZWdpX2lkPTc3Njc0OTUyJnNlZ21lbnRfaWQ9NzYzNzEmdGU9MSZ1c2VyX2lkPWFhNDkxZWY3ZjFkOTY0ZTQ5NzlmYjc4NGU3NGUwMWQ3VwNueXRCCmGuTZKwYYL5ekJSG3RyaXN0cmFtYmFsZHdpbjkwQGdtYWlsLmNvbVgEAAAAAA~~). Delays: Ships stuck at sea, warehouses overflowing, trucks without drivers. [How did we get here](~/AAAAAQA~/RgRjkxdNP0TlaHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnl0aW1lcy5jb20vaW50ZXJhY3RpdmUvMjAyMS8xMi8wNS9idXNpbmVzcy9lY29ub215L3N1cHBseS1jaGFpbi5odG1sP2NhbXBhaWduX2lkPTkmZW1jPWVkaXRfbm5fMjAyMTEyMDgmaW5zdGFuY2VfaWQ9NDcyNDMmbmw9dGhlLW1vcm5pbmcmcmVnaV9pZD03NzY3NDk1MiZzZWdtZW50X2lkPTc2MzcxJnRlPTEmdXNlcl9pZD1hYTQ5MWVmN2YxZDk2NGU0OTc5ZmI3ODRlNzRlMDFkN1cDbnl0Qgphrk2SsGGC-XpCUht0cmlzdHJhbWJhbGR3aW45MEBnbWFpbC5jb21YBAAAAAA~)? A Times classic: [Forty portraits in 40 years](~/AAAAAQA~/RgRjkxdNP0TtaHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnl0aW1lcy5jb20vaW50ZXJhY3RpdmUvMjAxNC8xMC8wMy9tYWdhemluZS8wMS1icm93bi1zaXN0ZXJzLWZvcnR5LXllYXJzLmh0bWw_Y2FtcGFpZ25faWQ9OSZlbWM9ZWRpdF9ubl8yMDIxMTIwOCZpbnN0YW5jZV9pZD00NzI0MyZubD10aGUtbW9ybmluZyZyZWdpX2lkPTc3Njc0OTUyJnNlZ21lbnRfaWQ9NzYzNzEmdGU9MSZ1c2VyX2lkPWFhNDkxZWY3ZjFkOTY0ZTQ5NzlmYjc4NGU3NGUwMWQ3VwNueXRCCmGuTZKwYYL5ekJSG3RyaXN0cmFtYmFsZHdpbjkwQGdtYWlsLmNvbVgEAAAAAA~~). Lives Lived: Hyun Sook Han was 12 when she fled her home during the Korean War. She dedicated her life to an adoption program for Korean orphans. Han [died at 83](~/AAAAAQA~/RgRjkxdNP0TRaHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnl0aW1lcy5jb20vMjAyMS8xMi8wNi91cy9oeXVuLXNvb2staGFuLWRlYWQuaHRtbD9jYW1wYWlnbl9pZD05JmVtYz1lZGl0X25uXzIwMjExMjA4Jmluc3RhbmNlX2lkPTQ3MjQzJm5sPXRoZS1tb3JuaW5nJnJlZ2lfaWQ9Nzc2NzQ5NTImc2VnbWVudF9pZD03NjM3MSZ0ZT0xJnVzZXJfaWQ9YWE0OTFlZjdmMWQ5NjRlNDk3OWZiNzg0ZTc0ZTAxZDdXA255dEIKYa5NkrBhgvl6QlIbdHJpc3RyYW1iYWxkd2luOTBAZ21haWwuY29tWAQAAAAA). ARTS AND IDEAS Dwayne Johnson, left, Gal Gadot, center, and Ryan Reynolds.Frank Masi/Netflix Netflix’s latest juggernaut The most watched original film in Netflix’s history is now “Red Notice,” a globe-trotting heist movie starring Dwayne Johnson, Gal Gadot and Ryan Reynolds. The plot is an amalgamation of action movie clichés: Johnson plays a lawful strongman, Reynolds is the jester and Gadot plays the femme fatale, Beatrice Loayza [writes in a review](~/AAAAAQA~/RgRjkxdNP0TUaHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnl0aW1lcy5jb20vMjAyMS8xMS8xMS9tb3ZpZXMvcmVkLW5vdGljZS1yZXZpZXcuaHRtbD9jYW1wYWlnbl9pZD05JmVtYz1lZGl0X25uXzIwMjExMjA4Jmluc3RhbmNlX2lkPTQ3MjQzJm5sPXRoZS1tb3JuaW5nJnJlZ2lfaWQ9Nzc2NzQ5NTImc2VnbWVudF9pZD03NjM3MSZ0ZT0xJnVzZXJfaWQ9YWE0OTFlZjdmMWQ5NjRlNDk3OWZiNzg0ZTc0ZTAxZDdXA255dEIKYa5NkrBhgvl6QlIbdHJpc3RyYW1iYWxkd2luOTBAZ21haWwuY29tWAQAAAAA). Though “Red Notice” has a relatively small cultural footprint compared with Netflix hits like “Squid Game” and “Bird Box” — the company’s previous most-watched film — it’s engineered for mass appeal. Critics have panned it, but it has occupied more than 328 million viewing hours since its November debut. “It is reasonable to assume more people have watched ‘Red Notice’ than any new movie released this year,” Lucas Shaw [writes in Bloomberg](~/AAAAAQA~/RgRjkxdNP4QLAWh0dHBzOi8vd3d3LmJsb29tYmVyZy5jb20vbmV3cy9uZXdzbGV0dGVycy8yMDIxLTEyLTA1Ly1yZWQtbm90aWNlLWlzLW5ldGZsaXgtcy1iaWdnZXN0LW1vdmllLWV2ZXItY3JpdGljcy1kb24tdC1nZXQtd2h5P2NhbXBhaWduX2lkPTkmZW1jPWVkaXRfbm5fMjAyMTEyMDgmaW5zdGFuY2VfaWQ9NDcyNDMmbmw9dGhlLW1vcm5pbmcmcmVnaV9pZD03NzY3NDk1MiZzZWdtZW50X2lkPTc2MzcxJnRlPTEmdXNlcl9pZD1hYTQ5MWVmN2YxZDk2NGU0OTc5ZmI3ODRlNzRlMDFkN1cDbnl0Qgphrk2SsGGC-XpCUht0cmlzdHJhbWJhbGR3aW45MEBnbWFpbC5jb21YBAAAAAA~). Of course, streaming a movie is considerably less effort than paying — and leaving your couch. As Aja Romano [writes in Vox](~/AAAAAQA~/RgRjkxdNP4QKAWh0dHBzOi8vd3d3LnZveC5jb20vY3VsdHVyZS8yMDIxLzExLzIyLzIyNzk2OTA3L3JlZC1ub3RpY2UtbmV0ZmxpeC1tb3ZpZXMtaW4tdGhlYXRlcnMtdmlld3MtYm94LW9mZmljZS1zdWNjZXNzLW9yLWZsb3A_Y2FtcGFpZ25faWQ9OSZlbWM9ZWRpdF9ubl8yMDIxMTIwOCZpbnN0YW5jZV9pZD00NzI0MyZubD10aGUtbW9ybmluZyZyZWdpX2lkPTc3Njc0OTUyJnNlZ21lbnRfaWQ9NzYzNzEmdGU9MSZ1c2VyX2lkPWFhNDkxZWY3ZjFkOTY0ZTQ5NzlmYjc4NGU3NGUwMWQ3VwNueXRCCmGuTZKwYYL5ekJSG3RyaXN0cmFtYmFsZHdpbjkwQGdtYWlsLmNvbVgEAAAAAA~~), Netflix can also directly introduce huge swaths of viewers to its titles every time they log in, without the need for an elaborate or traditional marketing campaign. PLAY, WATCH, EAT What to Cook David Malosh for The New York Times Endlessly adaptable, this is one version of [aloo anday](~/AAAAAQA~/RgRjkxdNP0TmaHR0cHM6Ly9jb29raW5nLm55dGltZXMuY29tL3JlY2lwZXMvMTAyMjc4OS1hbG9vLWFuZGF5LXBvdGF0b2VzLWFuZC1zY3JhbWJsZWQtZWdncz9jYW1wYWlnbl9pZD05JmVtYz1lZGl0X25uXzIwMjExMjA4Jmluc3RhbmNlX2lkPTQ3MjQzJm5sPXRoZS1tb3JuaW5nJnJlZ2lfaWQ9Nzc2NzQ5NTImc2VnbWVudF9pZD03NjM3MSZ0ZT0xJnVzZXJfaWQ9YWE0OTFlZjdmMWQ5NjRlNDk3OWZiNzg0ZTc0ZTAxZDdXA255dEIKYa5NkrBhgvl6QlIbdHJpc3RyYW1iYWxkd2luOTBAZ21haWwuY29tWAQAAAAA), a Pakistani dish of spicy scrambled eggs and potatoes. What to Listen to Five minutes that will [make you love the organ](~/AAAAAQA~/RgRjkxdNP0TcaHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnl0aW1lcy5jb20vMjAyMS8xMi8wMy9hcnRzL211c2ljL2NsYXNzaWNhbC1tdXNpYy1vcmdhbi5odG1sP2NhbXBhaWduX2lkPTkmZW1jPWVkaXRfbm5fMjAyMTEyMDgmaW5zdGFuY2VfaWQ9NDcyNDMmbmw9dGhlLW1vcm5pbmcmcmVnaV9pZD03NzY3NDk1MiZzZWdtZW50X2lkPTc2MzcxJnRlPTEmdXNlcl9pZD1hYTQ5MWVmN2YxZDk2NGU0OTc5ZmI3ODRlNzRlMDFkN1cDbnl0Qgphrk2SsGGC-XpCUht0cmlzdHJhbWJhbGR3aW45MEBnbWFpbC5jb21YBAAAAAA~). And a roundup of [books on music legends](~/AAAAAQA~/RgRjkxdNP0TYaHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnl0aW1lcy5jb20vMjAyMS8xMi8wMy9ib29rcy9yZXZpZXcvbmV3LW11c2ljLWJvb2tzLmh0bWw_Y2FtcGFpZ25faWQ9OSZlbWM9ZWRpdF9ubl8yMDIxMTIwOCZpbnN0YW5jZV9pZD00NzI0MyZubD10aGUtbW9ybmluZyZyZWdpX2lkPTc3Njc0OTUyJnNlZ21lbnRfaWQ9NzYzNzEmdGU9MSZ1c2VyX2lkPWFhNDkxZWY3ZjFkOTY0ZTQ5NzlmYjc4NGU3NGUwMWQ3VwNueXRCCmGuTZKwYYL5ekJSG3RyaXN0cmFtYmFsZHdpbjkwQGdtYWlsLmNvbVgEAAAAAA~~), including a biography of Aaliyah. What to Read “I’m an Oklahoma girl, and where I come from, there’s Jesus Christ and then there’s Reba,” the actress Kristin Chenoweth says in a profile of [the country star Reba McEntire](~/AAAAAQA~/RgRjkxdNP0TPaHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnl0aW1lcy5jb20vMjAyMS8xMi8wNy9zdHlsZS9yZWJhLW1jZW50aXJlLmh0bWw_Y2FtcGFpZ25faWQ9OSZlbWM9ZWRpdF9ubl8yMDIxMTIwOCZpbnN0YW5jZV9pZD00NzI0MyZubD10aGUtbW9ybmluZyZyZWdpX2lkPTc3Njc0OTUyJnNlZ21lbnRfaWQ9NzYzNzEmdGU9MSZ1c2VyX2lkPWFhNDkxZWY3ZjFkOTY0ZTQ5NzlmYjc4NGU3NGUwMWQ3VwNueXRCCmGuTZKwYYL5ekJSG3RyaXN0cmFtYmFsZHdpbjkwQGdtYWlsLmNvbVgEAAAAAA~~). Late Night The hosts discussed [the Biden-Putin call](~/AAAAAQA~/RgRjkxdNP0TyaHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnl0aW1lcy5jb20vMjAyMS8xMi8wOC9hcnRzL3RlbGV2aXNpb24vc3RlcGhlbi1jb2xiZXJ0LWJpZGVuLXB1dGluLXZpZGVvLWNhbGwuaHRtbD9jYW1wYWlnbl9pZD05JmVtYz1lZGl0X25uXzIwMjExMjA4Jmluc3RhbmNlX2lkPTQ3MjQzJm5sPXRoZS1tb3JuaW5nJnJlZ2lfaWQ9Nzc2NzQ5NTImc2VnbWVudF9pZD03NjM3MSZ0ZT0xJnVzZXJfaWQ9YWE0OTFlZjdmMWQ5NjRlNDk3OWZiNzg0ZTc0ZTAxZDdXA255dEIKYa5NkrBhgvl6QlIbdHJpc3RyYW1iYWxkd2luOTBAZ21haWwuY29tWAQAAAAA). Now Time to Play ~/AAAAAQA~/RgRjkxdNP0TAaHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnl0aW1lcy5jb20vcHV6emxlcy9zcGVsbGluZy1iZWU_Y2FtcGFpZ25faWQ9OSZlbWM9ZWRpdF9ubl8yMDIxMTIwOCZpbnN0YW5jZV9pZD00NzI0MyZubD10aGUtbW9ybmluZyZyZWdpX2lkPTc3Njc0OTUyJnNlZ21lbnRfaWQ9NzYzNzEmdGU9MSZ1c2VyX2lkPWFhNDkxZWY3ZjFkOTY0ZTQ5NzlmYjc4NGU3NGUwMWQ3VwNueXRCCmGuTZKwYYL5ekJSG3RyaXN0cmFtYmFsZHdpbjkwQGdtYWlsLmNvbVgEAAAAAA~~ The pangram from yesterday’s Spelling Bee was unpopular. Here is today’s puzzle — or you can [play online](~/AAAAAQA~/RgRjkxdNP0TAaHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnl0aW1lcy5jb20vcHV6emxlcy9zcGVsbGluZy1iZWU_Y2FtcGFpZ25faWQ9OSZlbWM9ZWRpdF9ubl8yMDIxMTIwOCZpbnN0YW5jZV9pZD00NzI0MyZubD10aGUtbW9ybmluZyZyZWdpX2lkPTc3Njc0OTUyJnNlZ21lbnRfaWQ9NzYzNzEmdGU9MSZ1c2VyX2lkPWFhNDkxZWY3ZjFkOTY0ZTQ5NzlmYjc4NGU3NGUwMWQ3VwNueXRCCmGuTZKwYYL5ekJSG3RyaXN0cmFtYmFsZHdpbjkwQGdtYWlsLmNvbVgEAAAAAA~~). Here’s [today’s Mini Crossword](~/AAAAAQA~/RgRjkxdNP0TAaHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnl0aW1lcy5jb20vY3Jvc3N3b3Jkcy9nYW1lL21pbmk_Y2FtcGFpZ25faWQ9OSZlbWM9ZWRpdF9ubl8yMDIxMTIwOCZpbnN0YW5jZV9pZD00NzI0MyZubD10aGUtbW9ybmluZyZyZWdpX2lkPTc3Njc0OTUyJnNlZ21lbnRfaWQ9NzYzNzEmdGU9MSZ1c2VyX2lkPWFhNDkxZWY3ZjFkOTY0ZTQ5NzlmYjc4NGU3NGUwMWQ3VwNueXRCCmGuTZKwYYL5ekJSG3RyaXN0cmFtYmFsZHdpbjkwQGdtYWlsLmNvbVgEAAAAAA~~), and a clue: Hoity-toity (five letters). If you’re in the mood to play more, find [all our games here](~/AAAAAQA~/RgRjkxdNP0S2aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnl0aW1lcy5jb20vY3Jvc3N3b3Jkcz9jYW1wYWlnbl9pZD05JmVtYz1lZGl0X25uXzIwMjExMjA4Jmluc3RhbmNlX2lkPTQ3MjQzJm5sPXRoZS1tb3JuaW5nJnJlZ2lfaWQ9Nzc2NzQ5NTImc2VnbWVudF9pZD03NjM3MSZ0ZT0xJnVzZXJfaWQ9YWE0OTFlZjdmMWQ5NjRlNDk3OWZiNzg0ZTc0ZTAxZDdXA255dEIKYa5NkrBhgvl6QlIbdHJpc3RyYW1iYWxkd2luOTBAZ21haWwuY29tWAQAAAAA). Thanks for spending part of your morning with The Times. See you tomorrow. — David P.S. Time magazine named “Sway,” Kara Swisher’s Times Opinion podcast, one of this year’s [10 best podcasts](~/AAAAAQA~/RgRjkxdNP0TAaHR0cHM6Ly90aW1lLmNvbS82MTA3Mzc1L2Jlc3QtcG9kY2FzdHMtMjAyMS8_Y2FtcGFpZ25faWQ9OSZlbWM9ZWRpdF9ubl8yMDIxMTIwOCZpbnN0YW5jZV9pZD00NzI0MyZubD10aGUtbW9ybmluZyZyZWdpX2lkPTc3Njc0OTUyJnNlZ21lbnRfaWQ9NzYzNzEmdGU9MSZ1c2VyX2lkPWFhNDkxZWY3ZjFkOTY0ZTQ5NzlmYjc4NGU3NGUwMWQ3VwNueXRCCmGuTZKwYYL5ekJSG3RyaXN0cmFtYmFsZHdpbjkwQGdtYWlsLmNvbVgEAAAAAA~~). Here’s [today’s print front page](~/AAAAAQA~/RgRjkxdNP0TUaHR0cHM6Ly9zdGF0aWMwMS5ueXQuY29tL2ltYWdlcy8yMDIxLzEyLzA4L255dGZyb250cGFnZS9zY2FuLnBkZj9jYW1wYWlnbl9pZD05JmVtYz1lZGl0X25uXzIwMjExMjA4Jmluc3RhbmNlX2lkPTQ3MjQzJm5sPXRoZS1tb3JuaW5nJnJlZ2lfaWQ9Nzc2NzQ5NTImc2VnbWVudF9pZD03NjM3MSZ0ZT0xJnVzZXJfaWQ9YWE0OTFlZjdmMWQ5NjRlNDk3OWZiNzg0ZTc0ZTAxZDdXA255dEIKYa5NkrBhgvl6QlIbdHJpc3RyYW1iYWxkd2luOTBAZ21haWwuY29tWAQAAAAA). “[The Daily](~/AAAAAQA~/RgRjkxdNP0S0aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnl0aW1lcy5jb20vdGhlZGFpbHk_Y2FtcGFpZ25faWQ9OSZlbWM9ZWRpdF9ubl8yMDIxMTIwOCZpbnN0YW5jZV9pZD00NzI0MyZubD10aGUtbW9ybmluZyZyZWdpX2lkPTc3Njc0OTUyJnNlZ21lbnRfaWQ9NzYzNzEmdGU9MSZ1c2VyX2lkPWFhNDkxZWY3ZjFkOTY0ZTQ5NzlmYjc4NGU3NGUwMWQ3VwNueXRCCmGuTZKwYYL5ekJSG3RyaXN0cmFtYmFsZHdpbjkwQGdtYWlsLmNvbVgEAAAAAA~~)” is about Ukraine. “[The Argument](~/AAAAAQA~/RgRjkxdNP0TwaHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnl0aW1lcy5jb20vMjAyMS8xMi8wOC9vcGluaW9uL3RoZS1hcmd1bWVudC1mcmVlLXNwZWVjaC1vbi1jb2xsZWdlLWNhbXB1c2VzLmh0bWw_Y2FtcGFpZ25faWQ9OSZlbWM9ZWRpdF9ubl8yMDIxMTIwOCZpbnN0YW5jZV9pZD00NzI0MyZubD10aGUtbW9ybmluZyZyZWdpX2lkPTc3Njc0OTUyJnNlZ21lbnRfaWQ9NzYzNzEmdGU9MSZ1c2VyX2lkPWFhNDkxZWY3ZjFkOTY0ZTQ5NzlmYjc4NGU3NGUwMWQ3VwNueXRCCmGuTZKwYYL5ekJSG3RyaXN0cmFtYmFsZHdpbjkwQGdtYWlsLmNvbVgEAAAAAA~~)” is about free speech on campus. Claire Moses, Ian Prasad Philbrick, Tom Wright-Piersanti, Ashley Wu and Sanam Yar contributed to The Morning. You can reach the team at themorning@nytimes.com. [Sign up here to get this newsletter in your inbox](~/AAAAAQA~/RgRjkxdNP0TIaHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnl0aW1lcy5jb20vbmV3c2xldHRlcnMvbW9ybmluZy1icmllZmluZz9jYW1wYWlnbl9pZD05JmVtYz1lZGl0X25uXzIwMjExMjA4Jmluc3RhbmNlX2lkPTQ3MjQzJm5sPXRoZS1tb3JuaW5nJnJlZ2lfaWQ9Nzc2NzQ5NTImc2VnbWVudF9pZD03NjM3MSZ0ZT0xJnVzZXJfaWQ9YWE0OTFlZjdmMWQ5NjRlNDk3OWZiNzg0ZTc0ZTAxZDdXA255dEIKYa5NkrBhgvl6QlIbdHJpc3RyYW1iYWxkd2luOTBAZ21haWwuY29tWAQAAAAA). [Continue reading the main story](#a11y-skip-1) Need help? Review our [newsletter help page](~/AAAAAQA~/RgRjkxdNP0TXaHR0cHM6Ly9oZWxwLm55dGltZXMuY29tL2hjL2VuLXVzL2FydGljbGVzLzM2MDAwMTQ4ODI2Ni1OZXdzbGV0dGVycz9jYW1wYWlnbl9pZD05JmVtYz1lZGl0X25uXzIwMjExMjA4Jmluc3RhbmNlX2lkPTQ3MjQzJm5sPXRoZS1tb3JuaW5nJnJlZ2lfaWQ9Nzc2NzQ5NTImc2VnbWVudF9pZD03NjM3MSZ0ZT0xJnVzZXJfaWQ9YWE0OTFlZjdmMWQ5NjRlNDk3OWZiNzg0ZTc0ZTAxZDdXA255dEIKYa5NkrBhgvl6QlIbdHJpc3RyYW1iYWxkd2luOTBAZ21haWwuY29tWAQAAAAA) or [contact us](~/AAAAAQA~/RgRjkxdNP0TWaHR0cHM6Ly9oZWxwLm55dGltZXMuY29tL2hjL2VuLXVzL2FydGljbGVzLzExNTAxNTM4NTg4Ny1Db250YWN0LXVzP2NhbXBhaWduX2lkPTkmZW1jPWVkaXRfbm5fMjAyMTEyMDgmaW5zdGFuY2VfaWQ9NDcyNDMmbmw9dGhlLW1vcm5pbmcmcmVnaV9pZD03NzY3NDk1MiZzZWdtZW50X2lkPTc2MzcxJnRlPTEmdXNlcl9pZD1hYTQ5MWVmN2YxZDk2NGU0OTc5ZmI3ODRlNzRlMDFkN1cDbnl0Qgphrk2SsGGC-XpCUht0cmlzdHJhbWJhbGR3aW45MEBnbWFpbC5jb21YBAAAAAA~) for assistance. You received this email because you signed up for the Morning newsletter from The New York Times, or as part of your New York Times account. To stop receiving these emails, [unsubscribe](~/AAAAAQA~/RgRjkxdNP0TIaHR0cHM6Ly9teWFjY291bnQubnl0aW1lcy5jb20vc2VnL3Vuc3Vic2NyaWJlL05OLzJiNDJmMzEyODVjNmM2NWI4NzVjMDlmNmFkNWZlNTcwYTIwZThkNWU5YjI1OGVjYmZhOThjM2MwYzdkNmFjZDg1Yjc5NDEwZTEwOTY3M2RhYmU4YzM4OTdjNjFlNGE0OT9lbWM9ZWRpdF9ubl8yMDIxMTIwOCZubD10aGUtbW9ybmluZyZzZW5kX2lkPTc2MzcxJnRlPTFXA255dEIKYa5NkrBhgvl6QlIbdHJpc3RyYW1iYWxkd2luOTBAZ21haWwuY29tWAQAAAAA) or [manage your email preferences](~/AAAAAQA~/RgRjkxdNP0SxaHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnl0aW1lcy5jb20vZW1haWw_Y2FtcGFpZ25faWQ9OSZlbWM9ZWRpdF9ubl8yMDIxMTIwOCZpbnN0YW5jZV9pZD00NzI0MyZubD10aGUtbW9ybmluZyZyZWdpX2lkPTc3Njc0OTUyJnNlZ21lbnRfaWQ9NzYzNzEmdGU9MSZ1c2VyX2lkPWFhNDkxZWY3ZjFkOTY0ZTQ5NzlmYjc4NGU3NGUwMWQ3VwNueXRCCmGuTZKwYYL5ekJSG3RyaXN0cmFtYmFsZHdpbjkwQGdtYWlsLmNvbVgEAAAAAA~~). [Subscribe to The Times](~/AAAAAQA~/RgRjkxdNP0TJaHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnl0aW1lcy5jb20vc3Vic2NyaXB0aW9uP2NhbXBhaWduSWQ9OVJYNzgmY2FtcGFpZ25faWQ9OSZlbWM9ZWRpdF9ubl8yMDIxMTIwOCZpbnN0YW5jZV9pZD00NzI0MyZubD10aGUtbW9ybmluZyZyZWdpX2lkPTc3Njc0OTUyJnNlZ21lbnRfaWQ9NzYzNzEmdGU9MSZ1c2VyX2lkPWFhNDkxZWY3ZjFkOTY0ZTQ5NzlmYjc4NGU3NGUwMWQ3VwNueXRCCmGuTZKwYYL5ekJSG3RyaXN0cmFtYmFsZHdpbjkwQGdtYWlsLmNvbVgEAAAAAA~~)[Get The New York Times app](~/AAAAAQA~/RgRjkxdNP0TGaHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnl0aW1lcy5jb20vc2VydmljZXMvbW9iaWxlL2luZGV4Lmh0bWw_Y2FtcGFpZ25faWQ9OSZlbWM9ZWRpdF9ubl8yMDIxMTIwOCZpbnN0YW5jZV9pZD00NzI0MyZubD10aGUtbW9ybmluZyZyZWdpX2lkPTc3Njc0OTUyJnNlZ21lbnRfaWQ9NzYzNzEmdGU9MSZ1c2VyX2lkPWFhNDkxZWY3ZjFkOTY0ZTQ5NzlmYjc4NGU3NGUwMWQ3VwNueXRCCmGuTZKwYYL5ekJSG3RyaXN0cmFtYmFsZHdpbjkwQGdtYWlsLmNvbVgEAAAAAA~~) Connect with us on: [facebook](~/AAAAAQA~/RgRjkxdNP0S0aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cuZmFjZWJvb2suY29tL255dGltZXM_Y2FtcGFpZ25faWQ9OSZlbWM9ZWRpdF9ubl8yMDIxMTIwOCZpbnN0YW5jZV9pZD00NzI0MyZubD10aGUtbW9ybmluZyZyZWdpX2lkPTc3Njc0OTUyJnNlZ21lbnRfaWQ9NzYzNzEmdGU9MSZ1c2VyX2lkPWFhNDkxZWY3ZjFkOTY0ZTQ5NzlmYjc4NGU3NGUwMWQ3VwNueXRCCmGuTZKwYYL5ekJSG3RyaXN0cmFtYmFsZHdpbjkwQGdtYWlsLmNvbVgEAAAAAA~~) [twitter](~/AAAAAQA~/RgRjkxdNP0SvaHR0cHM6Ly90d2l0dGVyLmNvbS9ueXRpbWVzP2NhbXBhaWduX2lkPTkmZW1jPWVkaXRfbm5fMjAyMTEyMDgmaW5zdGFuY2VfaWQ9NDcyNDMmbmw9dGhlLW1vcm5pbmcmcmVnaV9pZD03NzY3NDk1MiZzZWdtZW50X2lkPTc2MzcxJnRlPTEmdXNlcl9pZD1hYTQ5MWVmN2YxZDk2NGU0OTc5ZmI3ODRlNzRlMDFkN1cDbnl0Qgphrk2SsGGC-XpCUht0cmlzdHJhbWJhbGR3aW45MEBnbWFpbC5jb21YBAAAAAA~) [instagram](~/AAAAAQA~/RgRjkxdNP0S2aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cuaW5zdGFncmFtLmNvbS9ueXRpbWVzLz9jYW1wYWlnbl9pZD05JmVtYz1lZGl0X25uXzIwMjExMjA4Jmluc3RhbmNlX2lkPTQ3MjQzJm5sPXRoZS1tb3JuaW5nJnJlZ2lfaWQ9Nzc2NzQ5NTImc2VnbWVudF9pZD03NjM3MSZ0ZT0xJnVzZXJfaWQ9YWE0OTFlZjdmMWQ5NjRlNDk3OWZiNzg0ZTc0ZTAxZDdXA255dEIKYa5NkrBhgvl6QlIbdHJpc3RyYW1iYWxkd2luOTBAZ21haWwuY29tWAQAAAAA) [Change Your Email](~/AAAAAQA~/RgRjkxdNP0TAaHR0cHM6Ly9teWFjY291bnQubnl0aW1lcy5jb20vbWVtL2VtYWlsLmh0bWw_Y2FtcGFpZ25faWQ9OSZlbWM9ZWRpdF9ubl8yMDIxMTIwOCZpbnN0YW5jZV9pZD00NzI0MyZubD10aGUtbW9ybmluZyZyZWdpX2lkPTc3Njc0OTUyJnNlZ21lbnRfaWQ9NzYzNzEmdGU9MSZ1c2VyX2lkPWFhNDkxZWY3ZjFkOTY0ZTQ5NzlmYjc4NGU3NGUwMWQ3VwNueXRCCmGuTZKwYYL5ekJSG3RyaXN0cmFtYmFsZHdpbjkwQGdtYWlsLmNvbVgEAAAAAA~~)[Privacy Policy](~/AAAAAQA~/RgRjkxdNP0ThaHR0cDovL3d3dy5ueXRpbWVzLmNvbS9jb250ZW50L2hlbHAvcmlnaHRzL3ByaXZhY3kvcG9saWN5L3ByaXZhY3ktcG9saWN5Lmh0bWw_Y2FtcGFpZ25faWQ9OSZlbWM9ZWRpdF9ubl8yMDIxMTIwOCZpbnN0YW5jZV9pZD00NzI0MyZubD10aGUtbW9ybmluZyZyZWdpX2lkPTc3Njc0OTUyJnNlZ21lbnRfaWQ9NzYzNzEmdGU9MSZ1c2VyX2lkPWFhNDkxZWY3ZjFkOTY0ZTQ5NzlmYjc4NGU3NGUwMWQ3VwNueXRCCmGuTZKwYYL5ekJSG3RyaXN0cmFtYmFsZHdpbjkwQGdtYWlsLmNvbVgEAAAAAA~~)[Contact Us](~/AAAAAQA~/RgRjkxdNP0TIaHR0cHM6Ly9teWFjY291bnQubnl0aW1lcy5jb20vbWVtYmVyY2VudGVyL2hlbHAuaHRtbD9jYW1wYWlnbl9pZD05JmVtYz1lZGl0X25uXzIwMjExMjA4Jmluc3RhbmNlX2lkPTQ3MjQzJm5sPXRoZS1tb3JuaW5nJnJlZ2lfaWQ9Nzc2NzQ5NTImc2VnbWVudF9pZD03NjM3MSZ0ZT0xJnVzZXJfaWQ9YWE0OTFlZjdmMWQ5NjRlNDk3OWZiNzg0ZTc0ZTAxZDdXA255dEIKYa5NkrBhgvl6QlIbdHJpc3RyYW1iYWxkd2luOTBAZ21haWwuY29tWAQAAAAA)[California Notices](~/AAAAAQA~/RgRjkxdNP0TFaHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnl0aW1lcy5jb20vcHJpdmFjeS9jYWxpZm9ybmlhLW5vdGljZT9jYW1wYWlnbl9pZD05JmVtYz1lZGl0X25uXzIwMjExMjA4Jmluc3RhbmNlX2lkPTQ3MjQzJm5sPXRoZS1tb3JuaW5nJnJlZ2lfaWQ9Nzc2NzQ5NTImc2VnbWVudF9pZD03NjM3MSZ0ZT0xJnVzZXJfaWQ9YWE0OTFlZjdmMWQ5NjRlNDk3OWZiNzg0ZTc0ZTAxZDdXA255dEIKYa5NkrBhgvl6QlIbdHJpc3RyYW1iYWxkd2luOTBAZ21haWwuY29tWAQAAAAA) [LiveIntent Logo](~/AAAAAQA~/RgRjkxdNP0ROaHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubGl2ZWludGVudC5jb20vcG93ZXJlZC1ieT90ZT0xJm5sPXRoZS1tb3JuaW5nJmVtYz1lZGl0X25uXzIwMjExMjA4VwNueXRCCmGuTZKwYYL5ekJSG3RyaXN0cmFtYmFsZHdpbjkwQGdtYWlsLmNvbVgEAAAAAA~~)[AdChoices Logo](~/AAAAAQA~/RgRjkxdNP0ROaHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubGl2ZWludGVudC5jb20vYWQtY2hvaWNlcz90ZT0xJm5sPXRoZS1tb3JuaW5nJmVtYz1lZGl0X25uXzIwMjExMjA4VwNueXRCCmGuTZKwYYL5ekJSG3RyaXN0cmFtYmFsZHdpbjkwQGdtYWlsLmNvbVgEAAAAAA~~) The New York Times Company. 620 Eighth Avenue New York, NY 10018