The Morning: Covid and age

It's worse for vaccinated older adults than for unvaccinated children. [View in browser](~/AAAAAQA~/RgRjR-hNP4QnAWh0dHBzOi8vbWVzc2FnaW5nLWN1c3RvbS1uZXdzbGV0dGVycy5ueXRpbWVzLmNvbS90ZW1wbGF0ZS9vYWt2Mj9jYW1wYWlnbl9pZD05JmVtYz1lZGl0X25uXzIwMjExMDEyJmluc3RhbmNlX2lkPTQyNjIyJm5sPXRoZS1tb3JuaW5nJnByb2R1Y3RDb2RlJTNETk49JnJlZ2lfaWQ9Nzc2NzQ5NTImc2VnbWVudF9pZD03MTM5NyZ0ZT0xJnVyaT1ueXQlM0ElMkYlMkZuZXdzbGV0dGVyJTJGMzkyMGFlZDQtMmFkYy01ZTdhLTg5MDEtMDI3MWNhNDdkMjE0JnVzZXJfaWQ9YWE0OTFlZjdmMWQ5NjRlNDk3OWZiNzg0ZTc0ZTAxZDdXA255dEIKYV9NY2VhWCM9vlIbdHJpc3RyYW1iYWxkd2luOTBAZ21haWwuY29tWAQAAAAA)|[nytimes.com](~/AAAAAQA~/RgRjR-hNP0SsaHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnl0aW1lcy5jb20vP2NhbXBhaWduX2lkPTkmZW1jPWVkaXRfbm5fMjAyMTEwMTImaW5zdGFuY2VfaWQ9NDI2MjImbmw9dGhlLW1vcm5pbmcmcmVnaV9pZD03NzY3NDk1MiZzZWdtZW50X2lkPTcxMzk3JnRlPTEmdXNlcl9pZD1hYTQ5MWVmN2YxZDk2NGU0OTc5ZmI3ODRlNzRlMDFkN1cDbnl0QgphX01jZWFYIz2-Uht0cmlzdHJhbWJhbGR3aW45MEBnbWFpbC5jb21YBAAAAAA~)[Continue reading the main story](#a11y-skip-ad-marquee) ~/AAAAAQA~/RgRjR-hNP0RtaHR0cHM6Ly9saXZlaW50ZW50Lm5ld3lvcmt0aW1lc2luZm8uY29tL2NsaWNrP3M9MTYyMDA2JmxpPU5OJm09YWE0OTFlZjdmMWQ5NjRlNDk3OWZiNzg0ZTc0ZTAxZDcmcD1OTl8yMDIxMTAxMlcDbnl0QgphX01jZWFYIz2-Uht0cmlzdHJhbWJhbGR3aW45MEBnbWFpbC5jb21YBAAAAAA~ October 12, 2021 [Author Headshot](~/AAAAAQA~/RgRjR-hNP0S-aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnl0aW1lcy5jb20vYnkvZGF2aWQtbGVvbmhhcmR0P2NhbXBhaWduX2lkPTkmZW1jPWVkaXRfbm5fMjAyMTEwMTImaW5zdGFuY2VfaWQ9NDI2MjImbmw9dGhlLW1vcm5pbmcmcmVnaV9pZD03NzY3NDk1MiZzZWdtZW50X2lkPTcxMzk3JnRlPTEmdXNlcl9pZD1hYTQ5MWVmN2YxZDk2NGU0OTc5ZmI3ODRlNzRlMDFkN1cDbnl0QgphX01jZWFYIz2-Uht0cmlzdHJhbWJhbGR3aW45MEBnbWFpbC5jb21YBAAAAAA~) By [David Leonhardt](~/AAAAAQA~/RgRjR-hNP0S-aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnl0aW1lcy5jb20vYnkvZGF2aWQtbGVvbmhhcmR0P2NhbXBhaWduX2lkPTkmZW1jPWVkaXRfbm5fMjAyMTEwMTImaW5zdGFuY2VfaWQ9NDI2MjImbmw9dGhlLW1vcm5pbmcmcmVnaV9pZD03NzY3NDk1MiZzZWdtZW50X2lkPTcxMzk3JnRlPTEmdXNlcl9pZD1hYTQ5MWVmN2YxZDk2NGU0OTc5ZmI3ODRlNzRlMDFkN1cDbnl0QgphX01jZWFYIz2-Uht0cmlzdHJhbWJhbGR3aW45MEBnbWFpbC5jb21YBAAAAAA~) Good morning. An unvaccinated child is at less risk of serious Covid illness than a vaccinated 70-year-old. Elementary-school students in Fresno, Calif., in August.Tomas Ovalle for The New York Times A sharp age skew Emily Oster, an economist at Brown University who frequently writes about parenting, published [an article in The Atlantic in March](~/AAAAAQA~/RgRjR-hNP4QCAWh0dHBzOi8vd3d3LnRoZWF0bGFudGljLmNvbS9pZGVhcy9hcmNoaXZlLzIwMjEvMDMvZ28tYWhlYWQtcGxhbi1mYW1pbHktdmFjYXRpb24teW91ci11bnZhY2NpbmF0ZWQta2lkcy82MTgzMTMvP2NhbXBhaWduX2lkPTkmZW1jPWVkaXRfbm5fMjAyMTEwMTImaW5zdGFuY2VfaWQ9NDI2MjImbmw9dGhlLW1vcm5pbmcmcmVnaV9pZD03NzY3NDk1MiZzZWdtZW50X2lkPTcxMzk3JnRlPTEmdXNlcl9pZD1hYTQ5MWVmN2YxZDk2NGU0OTc5ZmI3ODRlNzRlMDFkN1cDbnl0QgphX01jZWFYIz2-Uht0cmlzdHJhbWJhbGR3aW45MEBnbWFpbC5jb21YBAAAAAA~) that made a lot of people angry. The headline was, “Your Unvaccinated Kid Is Like a Vaccinated Grandma.” The article argued that Covid-19 tended to be so mild in children that vaccinated parents could feel comfortable going out in the world with their unvaccinated children. [Critics](~/AAAAAQA~/RgRjR-hNP4QEAWh0dHBzOi8vcHJvdGVhbm1hZy5jb20vMjAyMS8wMy8yOS9tb3JhbC1jYWxjdWxhdGlvbnMtcGFuZGVtaWMtY292ZXJhZ2Utb2JzY3VyZXMtaW5kaXZpZHVhbC1yaXNrLWFuZC1zb2NpYWwtaGFybS8_Y2FtcGFpZ25faWQ9OSZlbWM9ZWRpdF9ubl8yMDIxMTAxMiZpbnN0YW5jZV9pZD00MjYyMiZubD10aGUtbW9ybmluZyZyZWdpX2lkPTc3Njc0OTUyJnNlZ21lbnRfaWQ9NzEzOTcmdGU9MSZ1c2VyX2lkPWFhNDkxZWY3ZjFkOTY0ZTQ5NzlmYjc4NGU3NGUwMWQ3VwNueXRCCmFfTWNlYVgjPb5SG3RyaXN0cmFtYmFsZHdpbjkwQGdtYWlsLmNvbVgEAAAAAA~~) called the article insensitive and misleading, saying it understated the risks that children could both get sick and spread the virus. Oster responded on her website with a note standing by her main argument but [apologizing](~/AAAAAQA~/RgRjR-hNP0TdaHR0cHM6Ly9lbWlseW9zdGVyLnN1YnN0YWNrLmNvbS9wL3JlYWRlcnMtb24tZ2FzLWJyZWFzdGZlZWRpbmctYW50aWJvZGllcz9jYW1wYWlnbl9pZD05JmVtYz1lZGl0X25uXzIwMjExMDEyJmluc3RhbmNlX2lkPTQyNjIyJm5sPXRoZS1tb3JuaW5nJnJlZ2lfaWQ9Nzc2NzQ5NTImc2VnbWVudF9pZD03MTM5NyZ0ZT0xJnVzZXJfaWQ9YWE0OTFlZjdmMWQ5NjRlNDk3OWZiNzg0ZTc0ZTAxZDdXA255dEIKYV9NY2VhWCM9vlIbdHJpc3RyYW1iYWxkd2luOTBAZ21haWwuY29tWAQAAAAA) particularly for the headline’s lack of nuance. Her critics seemed somewhat vindicated. Seven months later, with a lot more Covid data available, the debate over the article looks quite different. Oster is the one who has largely been vindicated. If anything, subsequent data indicates she did not go far enough in describing the age skew of Covid. Today, an accurate version of her headline might be: “Your Unvaccinated Kid Is Much Safer Than a Vaccinated Grandma.” I recognize that may sound hard to believe, so let’s look at some data. Here are hospitalization rates by both age and vaccination status in King County, Wash., which includes Seattle and releases some of the country’s most detailed Covid data: Source: Washington Department of Health As you can see, the risks for unvaccinated children look similar to the risks for vaccinated people in their 50s. Nationwide statistics from England show an even larger age skew. Children under 12 (a group that’s combined with teenagers in this next chart) appear to be at less risk than vaccinated people in their 40s if not 30s. Source: UK Health Security Agency “Covid is a threat to children. But it’s not an extraordinary threat,” Dr. Alasdair Munro, a pediatric infectious-disease specialist at the University of Southampton, [has written](~/AAAAAQA~/RgRjR-hNP0TLaHR0cHM6Ly90d2l0dGVyLmNvbS9hcHNtdW5yby9zdGF0dXMvMTQ0NzU3MzEzMjYwNTM3MDM2OT9jYW1wYWlnbl9pZD05JmVtYz1lZGl0X25uXzIwMjExMDEyJmluc3RhbmNlX2lkPTQyNjIyJm5sPXRoZS1tb3JuaW5nJnJlZ2lfaWQ9Nzc2NzQ5NTImc2VnbWVudF9pZD03MTM5NyZ0ZT0xJnVzZXJfaWQ9YWE0OTFlZjdmMWQ5NjRlNDk3OWZiNzg0ZTc0ZTAxZDdXA255dEIKYV9NY2VhWCM9vlIbdHJpc3RyYW1iYWxkd2luOTBAZ21haWwuY29tWAQAAAAA). “It’s very ordinary. In general, the risks from being infected are similar to the other respiratory viruses you probably don’t think much about.” The threat to the elderly There is obviously some distressing news in these comparisons. For older people — especially the very old, as well as those with serious health conditions — vaccination does not reduce the risk of Covid hospitalization or death to near zero. That’s different from what the initial vaccine data suggested. To be clear, getting vaccinated is still the best thing that an elderly person can do. In terms of risk reduction, a vaccine is more valuable for an older adult than a younger adult. Just compare the size of the bars in the above charts. Still, the Covid risks remain real for vaccinated elderly people. David Wallace-Wells [has argued](~/AAAAAQA~/RgRjR-hNP0TraHR0cHM6Ly9ueW1hZy5jb20vaW50ZWxsaWdlbmNlci8yMDIxLzA5L2NvdmlkLTE5LXZhY2NpbmUtc3RhdHVzLWFnZS1kaXNjcmltaW5hdGlvbi5odG1sP2NhbXBhaWduX2lkPTkmZW1jPWVkaXRfbm5fMjAyMTEwMTImaW5zdGFuY2VfaWQ9NDI2MjImbmw9dGhlLW1vcm5pbmcmcmVnaV9pZD03NzY3NDk1MiZzZWdtZW50X2lkPTcxMzk3JnRlPTEmdXNlcl9pZD1hYTQ5MWVmN2YxZDk2NGU0OTc5ZmI3ODRlNzRlMDFkN1cDbnl0QgphX01jZWFYIz2-Uht0cmlzdHJhbWJhbGR3aW45MEBnbWFpbC5jb21YBAAAAAA~) in New York Magazine that despite the widespread discussion of Covid’s outsize impact on the old, most people are “hugely underestimating” how large the age skew truly is. Different elderly people will respond to the risks in different ways, and [that’s OK](~/AAAAAQA~/RgRjR-hNP0TWaHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnl0aW1lcy5jb20vMjAyMS8wNC8yMi9vcGluaW9uL2NvdmlkLXZhY2NpbmUta2lkcy5odG1sP2NhbXBhaWduX2lkPTkmZW1jPWVkaXRfbm5fMjAyMTEwMTImaW5zdGFuY2VfaWQ9NDI2MjImbmw9dGhlLW1vcm5pbmcmcmVnaV9pZD03NzY3NDk1MiZzZWdtZW50X2lkPTcxMzk3JnRlPTEmdXNlcl9pZD1hYTQ5MWVmN2YxZDk2NGU0OTc5ZmI3ODRlNzRlMDFkN1cDbnl0QgphX01jZWFYIz2-Uht0cmlzdHJhbWJhbGR3aW45MEBnbWFpbC5jb21YBAAAAAA~). Some may decide to be extremely cautious until caseloads fall to low levels. Others — especially those without major health problems — may reasonably choose to travel, see friends and live their lives. The risks are not zero, but they are quite low. And few parts of life pose zero risk. As a point of comparison, the annual risk of death for all vaccinated people over 65 in Seattle this year appears to be around 1 in 2,700. The annual average risk that an American dies in a vehicle crash is lower — about 1 in 8,500 — but not a different order of magnitude. From a policy perspective, Covid’s threat to older people argues for encouraging them to get Covid booster shots, even if it [remains unclear](~/AAAAAQA~/RgRjR-hNP0TOaHR0cHM6Ly90d2l0dGVyLmNvbS9kYXZpZHdkb3dkeS9zdGF0dXMvMTQ0MjY0MDQ4NjM4MTEwMTA2MD9jYW1wYWlnbl9pZD05JmVtYz1lZGl0X25uXzIwMjExMDEyJmluc3RhbmNlX2lkPTQyNjIyJm5sPXRoZS1tb3JuaW5nJnJlZ2lfaWQ9Nzc2NzQ5NTImc2VnbWVudF9pZD03MTM5NyZ0ZT0xJnVzZXJfaWQ9YWE0OTFlZjdmMWQ5NjRlNDk3OWZiNzg0ZTc0ZTAxZDdXA255dEIKYV9NY2VhWCM9vlIbdHJpc3RyYW1iYWxkd2luOTBAZ21haWwuY29tWAQAAAAA) how much vaccine immunity is waning. The threat also argues for more [workplace vaccine mandates](~/AAAAAQA~/RgRjR-hNP0TaaHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnl0aW1lcy5jb20vMjAyMS8wOS8zMC9icmllZmluZy92YWNjaW5lLW1hbmRhdGUtY292aWQuaHRtbD9jYW1wYWlnbl9pZD05JmVtYz1lZGl0X25uXzIwMjExMDEyJmluc3RhbmNlX2lkPTQyNjIyJm5sPXRoZS1tb3JuaW5nJnJlZ2lfaWQ9Nzc2NzQ5NTImc2VnbWVudF9pZD03MTM5NyZ0ZT0xJnVzZXJfaWQ9YWE0OTFlZjdmMWQ5NjRlNDk3OWZiNzg0ZTc0ZTAxZDdXA255dEIKYV9NY2VhWCM9vlIbdHJpc3RyYW1iYWxkd2luOTBAZ21haWwuY29tWAQAAAAA), to reduce the overall spread of the virus. Vaccinate the kids? The more encouraging half of the story is on the other end of the age spectrum. For children without a serious medical condition, the danger of severe Covid is so low as to be difficult to quantify. For children with such a condition, the danger is higher but still lower than many people believe. The risk of long Covid among children — a source of fear among many parents — also appears to be [very low](~/AAAAAQA~/RgRjR-hNP0S8aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cuYmJjLmNvbS9uZXdzL2hlYWx0aC01ODQxMDU4ND9jYW1wYWlnbl9pZD05JmVtYz1lZGl0X25uXzIwMjExMDEyJmluc3RhbmNlX2lkPTQyNjIyJm5sPXRoZS1tb3JuaW5nJnJlZ2lfaWQ9Nzc2NzQ5NTImc2VnbWVudF9pZD03MTM5NyZ0ZT0xJnVzZXJfaWQ9YWE0OTFlZjdmMWQ5NjRlNDk3OWZiNzg0ZTc0ZTAxZDdXA255dEIKYV9NY2VhWCM9vlIbdHJpc3RyYW1iYWxkd2luOTBAZ21haWwuY29tWAQAAAAA). All of which raises a thorny question: Should young children be vaccinated? I know some readers will recoil at the mention of that question, but I think it’s a mistake to treat it as unmentionable. There is not the scientific consensus about vaccinating children that there is about adults. It remains unclear how many countries will recommend the vaccine for young children. In the U.S., many vaccinated parents [have decided](~/AAAAAQA~/RgRjR-hNP4QDAWh0dHBzOi8vd3d3LnRoZWF0bGFudGljLmNvbS9pZGVhcy9hcmNoaXZlLzIwMjEvMDkvaG93LW1hbnktdmFjY2luYXRlZC1wYXJlbnRzLXdpbGwtdmFjY2luYXRlLXRoZWlyLWtpZHMvNjIwMTkxLz9jYW1wYWlnbl9pZD05JmVtYz1lZGl0X25uXzIwMjExMDEyJmluc3RhbmNlX2lkPTQyNjIyJm5sPXRoZS1tb3JuaW5nJnJlZ2lfaWQ9Nzc2NzQ5NTImc2VnbWVudF9pZD03MTM5NyZ0ZT0xJnVzZXJfaWQ9YWE0OTFlZjdmMWQ5NjRlNDk3OWZiNzg0ZTc0ZTAxZDdXA255dEIKYV9NY2VhWCM9vlIbdHJpc3RyYW1iYWxkd2luOTBAZ21haWwuY29tWAQAAAAA) not to vaccinate their eligible children yet. The arguments against doing so are that there are [some rare side effects](~/AAAAAQA~/RgRjR-hNP0TeaHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnl0aW1lcy5jb20vMjAyMS8xMC8wNi9oZWFsdGgvY292aWQtdmFjY2luZS1jaGlsZHJlbi1kb3NlLmh0bWw_Y2FtcGFpZ25faWQ9OSZlbWM9ZWRpdF9ubl8yMDIxMTAxMiZpbnN0YW5jZV9pZD00MjYyMiZubD10aGUtbW9ybmluZyZyZWdpX2lkPTc3Njc0OTUyJnNlZ21lbnRfaWQ9NzEzOTcmdGU9MSZ1c2VyX2lkPWFhNDkxZWY3ZjFkOTY0ZTQ5NzlmYjc4NGU3NGUwMWQ3VwNueXRCCmFfTWNlYVgjPb5SG3RyaXN0cmFtYmFsZHdpbjkwQGdtYWlsLmNvbVgEAAAAAA~~) and that Covid seems no more worrisome for children than some other respiratory diseases. The arguments in favor are that any troubling side effects seem very rare; that there is uncertainty about the long-term effects of Covid; and that vaccinating children can help protect everybody else, by reducing transmission. If I had young children, I would vaccinate them without hesitation. I have heard the same from multiple scientists, including those who understand why many parents are reluctant. ([Here’s a Times Q. and A.](~/AAAAAQA~/RgRjR-hNP0TLaHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnl0aW1lcy5jb20vYXJ0aWNsZS9raWRzLWNvdmlkLXZhY2NpbmUuaHRtbD9jYW1wYWlnbl9pZD05JmVtYz1lZGl0X25uXzIwMjExMDEyJmluc3RhbmNlX2lkPTQyNjIyJm5sPXRoZS1tb3JuaW5nJnJlZ2lfaWQ9Nzc2NzQ5NTImc2VnbWVudF9pZD03MTM5NyZ0ZT0xJnVzZXJfaWQ9YWE0OTFlZjdmMWQ5NjRlNDk3OWZiNzg0ZTc0ZTAxZDdXA255dEIKYV9NY2VhWCM9vlIbdHJpc3RyYW1iYWxkd2luOTBAZ21haWwuY29tWAQAAAAA) on the subject.) It feels like a close call that leans toward vaccination for an individual child — and an easy decision for the sake of a child’s grandparents and everybody else’s grandparents. “Unvaccinated people at any age are much more likely to cause transmission relative to vaccinated people,” Dr. Aaron Richterman of the University of Pennsylvania told me. What does [Oster](~/AAAAAQA~/RgRjR-hNP0TbaHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnl0aW1lcy5jb20vMjAyMS8wNi8yMi91cy9lbWlseS1vc3Rlci1zY2hvb2wtcmVvcGVuaW5nLmh0bWw_Y2FtcGFpZ25faWQ9OSZlbWM9ZWRpdF9ubl8yMDIxMTAxMiZpbnN0YW5jZV9pZD00MjYyMiZubD10aGUtbW9ybmluZyZyZWdpX2lkPTc3Njc0OTUyJnNlZ21lbnRfaWQ9NzEzOTcmdGU9MSZ1c2VyX2lkPWFhNDkxZWY3ZjFkOTY0ZTQ5NzlmYjc4NGU3NGUwMWQ3VwNueXRCCmFfTWNlYVgjPb5SG3RyaXN0cmFtYmFsZHdpbjkwQGdtYWlsLmNvbVgEAAAAAA~~) think about all of this? She has taken the high road on social media and in her email newsletter, rather than relitigating the earlier debate. Instead, she devoted [a recent newsletter](~/AAAAAQA~/RgRjR-hNP0TNaHR0cHM6Ly9lbWlseW9zdGVyLnN1YnN0YWNrLmNvbS9wL2NvdmlkLXZhY2NpbmVzLWZvci1raWRzP2NhbXBhaWduX2lkPTkmZW1jPWVkaXRfbm5fMjAyMTEwMTImaW5zdGFuY2VfaWQ9NDI2MjImbmw9dGhlLW1vcm5pbmcmcmVnaV9pZD03NzY3NDk1MiZzZWdtZW50X2lkPTcxMzk3JnRlPTEmdXNlcl9pZD1hYTQ5MWVmN2YxZDk2NGU0OTc5ZmI3ODRlNzRlMDFkN1cDbnl0QgphX01jZWFYIz2-Uht0cmlzdHJhbWJhbGR3aW45MEBnbWFpbC5jb21YBAAAAAA~) to reviewing the evidence about children and Covid vaccines. “I hope we can be prepared to be a little bit gentle with each other,” she wrote. “Asking questions about vaccines for kids or being more cautious for kids than older adults — these are reasonable approaches.” At the end, she explained why she would be vaccinating her children once they became eligible: “I do not want them to get Covid. I am worried about their immune-compromised grandparent. I would like to avoid quarantine and keep them in school.” More on the virus: - The arrival of boosters increased [the skepticism](~/AAAAAQA~/RgRjR-hNP0TeaHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnl0aW1lcy5jb20vMjAyMS8xMC8xMS9oZWFsdGgvY292aWQtYm9vc3RlcnMtdW52YWNjaW5hdGVkLmh0bWw_Y2FtcGFpZ25faWQ9OSZlbWM9ZWRpdF9ubl8yMDIxMTAxMiZpbnN0YW5jZV9pZD00MjYyMiZubD10aGUtbW9ybmluZyZyZWdpX2lkPTc3Njc0OTUyJnNlZ21lbnRfaWQ9NzEzOTcmdGU9MSZ1c2VyX2lkPWFhNDkxZWY3ZjFkOTY0ZTQ5NzlmYjc4NGU3NGUwMWQ3VwNueXRCCmFfTWNlYVgjPb5SG3RyaXN0cmFtYmFsZHdpbjkwQGdtYWlsLmNvbVgEAAAAAA~~) of many unvaccinated Americans. - Gov. Greg Abbott of Texas [banned vaccine mandates](~/AAAAAQA~/RgRjR-hNP0TnaHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnl0aW1lcy5jb20vMjAyMS8xMC8xMS93b3JsZC90ZXhhcy1nb3Zlcm5vci1jb3ZpZC12YWNjaW5lLW1hbmRhdGVzLmh0bWw_Y2FtcGFpZ25faWQ9OSZlbWM9ZWRpdF9ubl8yMDIxMTAxMiZpbnN0YW5jZV9pZD00MjYyMiZubD10aGUtbW9ybmluZyZyZWdpX2lkPTc3Njc0OTUyJnNlZ21lbnRfaWQ9NzEzOTcmdGU9MSZ1c2VyX2lkPWFhNDkxZWY3ZjFkOTY0ZTQ5NzlmYjc4NGU3NGUwMWQ3VwNueXRCCmFfTWNlYVgjPb5SG3RyaXN0cmFtYmFsZHdpbjkwQGdtYWlsLmNvbVgEAAAAAA~~) in the state. - A trio of stories from Science Times: on the [likely future of this coronavirus](~/AAAAAQA~/RgRjR-hNP0TgaHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnl0aW1lcy5jb20vMjAyMS8xMC8xMi9oZWFsdGgvY29yb25hdmlydXMtbXV0YXRpb24tdmFyaWFudHMuaHRtbD9jYW1wYWlnbl9pZD05JmVtYz1lZGl0X25uXzIwMjExMDEyJmluc3RhbmNlX2lkPTQyNjIyJm5sPXRoZS1tb3JuaW5nJnJlZ2lfaWQ9Nzc2NzQ5NTImc2VnbWVudF9pZD03MTM5NyZ0ZT0xJnVzZXJfaWQ9YWE0OTFlZjdmMWQ5NjRlNDk3OWZiNzg0ZTc0ZTAxZDdXA255dEIKYV9NY2VhWCM9vlIbdHJpc3RyYW1iYWxkd2luOTBAZ21haWwuY29tWAQAAAAA), on the [history of pandemics](~/AAAAAQA~/RgRjR-hNP0TWaHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnl0aW1lcy5jb20vMjAyMS8xMC8xMi9oZWFsdGgvd2hlbi13aWxsLWNvdmlkLWVuZC5odG1sP2NhbXBhaWduX2lkPTkmZW1jPWVkaXRfbm5fMjAyMTEwMTImaW5zdGFuY2VfaWQ9NDI2MjImbmw9dGhlLW1vcm5pbmcmcmVnaV9pZD03NzY3NDk1MiZzZWdtZW50X2lkPTcxMzk3JnRlPTEmdXNlcl9pZD1hYTQ5MWVmN2YxZDk2NGU0OTc5ZmI3ODRlNzRlMDFkN1cDbnl0QgphX01jZWFYIz2-Uht0cmlzdHJhbWJhbGR3aW45MEBnbWFpbC5jb21YBAAAAAA~) and on the differences between [natural immunity and vaccine immunity](~/AAAAAQA~/RgRjR-hNP0TtaHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnl0aW1lcy5jb20vMjAyMS8xMC8xMi9oZWFsdGgvaWYteW91dmUtaGFkLWNvdmlkLWRvLXlvdS1uZWVkLXRoZS12YWNjaW5lLmh0bWw_Y2FtcGFpZ25faWQ9OSZlbWM9ZWRpdF9ubl8yMDIxMTAxMiZpbnN0YW5jZV9pZD00MjYyMiZubD10aGUtbW9ybmluZyZyZWdpX2lkPTc3Njc0OTUyJnNlZ21lbnRfaWQ9NzEzOTcmdGU9MSZ1c2VyX2lkPWFhNDkxZWY3ZjFkOTY0ZTQ5NzlmYjc4NGU3NGUwMWQ3VwNueXRCCmFfTWNlYVgjPb5SG3RyaXN0cmFtYmFsZHdpbjkwQGdtYWlsLmNvbVgEAAAAAA~~). The New York Times has been reporting on the coronavirus pandemic since it emerged in 2019, with more than 100 journalists helping to provide comprehensive coverage and tracking. This essential reporting has been made possible with the support of subscribers. [Join us by becoming a subscriber today](~/AAAAAQA~/RgRjR-hNP0TJaHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnl0aW1lcy5jb20vc3Vic2NyaXB0aW9uP2NhbXBhaWduSWQ9OUs4RlkmY2FtcGFpZ25faWQ9OSZlbWM9ZWRpdF9ubl8yMDIxMTAxMiZpbnN0YW5jZV9pZD00MjYyMiZubD10aGUtbW9ybmluZyZyZWdpX2lkPTc3Njc0OTUyJnNlZ21lbnRfaWQ9NzEzOTcmdGU9MSZ1c2VyX2lkPWFhNDkxZWY3ZjFkOTY0ZTQ5NzlmYjc4NGU3NGUwMWQ3VwNueXRCCmFfTWNlYVgjPb5SG3RyaXN0cmFtYmFsZHdpbjkwQGdtYWlsLmNvbVgEAAAAAA~~). THE LATEST NEWS Politics - As Democrats look to pare back President Biden’s spending bill, home health care aides, immigrants and others [fear they will be left out](~/AAAAAQA~/RgRjR-hNP0TlaHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnl0aW1lcy5jb20vMjAyMS8xMC8xMS91cy9wb2xpdGljcy9kZW1vY3JhdHMtYmlkZW4tc3BlbmRpbmctYmlsbC5odG1sP2NhbXBhaWduX2lkPTkmZW1jPWVkaXRfbm5fMjAyMTEwMTImaW5zdGFuY2VfaWQ9NDI2MjImbmw9dGhlLW1vcm5pbmcmcmVnaV9pZD03NzY3NDk1MiZzZWdtZW50X2lkPTcxMzk3JnRlPTEmdXNlcl9pZD1hYTQ5MWVmN2YxZDk2NGU0OTc5ZmI3ODRlNzRlMDFkN1cDbnl0QgphX01jZWFYIz2-Uht0cmlzdHJhbWJhbGR3aW45MEBnbWFpbC5jb21YBAAAAAA~). - Biden’s plan to crack down on unpaid taxes caused fury [from banks and some of their customers](~/AAAAAQA~/RgRjR-hNP0TWaHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnl0aW1lcy5jb20vMjAyMS8xMC8xMS9idXNpbmVzcy9pcnMtYmFuay1hY2NvdW50cy5odG1sP2NhbXBhaWduX2lkPTkmZW1jPWVkaXRfbm5fMjAyMTEwMTImaW5zdGFuY2VfaWQ9NDI2MjImbmw9dGhlLW1vcm5pbmcmcmVnaV9pZD03NzY3NDk1MiZzZWdtZW50X2lkPTcxMzk3JnRlPTEmdXNlcl9pZD1hYTQ5MWVmN2YxZDk2NGU0OTc5ZmI3ODRlNzRlMDFkN1cDbnl0QgphX01jZWFYIz2-Uht0cmlzdHJhbWJhbGR3aW45MEBnbWFpbC5jb21YBAAAAAA~). - Biden’s energy and transportation plans [would be the most significant climate action](~/AAAAAQA~/RgRjR-hNP0TbaHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnl0aW1lcy5jb20vMjAyMS8xMC8xMC9jbGltYXRlL2NsaW1hdGUtYWN0aW9uLWNvbmdyZXNzLmh0bWw_Y2FtcGFpZ25faWQ9OSZlbWM9ZWRpdF9ubl8yMDIxMTAxMiZpbnN0YW5jZV9pZD00MjYyMiZubD10aGUtbW9ybmluZyZyZWdpX2lkPTc3Njc0OTUyJnNlZ21lbnRfaWQ9NzEzOTcmdGU9MSZ1c2VyX2lkPWFhNDkxZWY3ZjFkOTY0ZTQ5NzlmYjc4NGU3NGUwMWQ3VwNueXRCCmFfTWNlYVgjPb5SG3RyaXN0cmFtYmFsZHdpbjkwQGdtYWlsLmNvbVgEAAAAAA~~) ever taken by the U.S. - The F.B.I. says that a couple accused of selling submarine secrets to a foreign government [were sloppy would-be spies](~/AAAAAQA~/RgRjR-hNP0ThaHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnl0aW1lcy5jb20vMjAyMS8xMC8xMS91cy9wb2xpdGljcy9pbnNpZGUtc3VibWFyaW5lLXNweS1jYXNlLmh0bWw_Y2FtcGFpZ25faWQ9OSZlbWM9ZWRpdF9ubl8yMDIxMTAxMiZpbnN0YW5jZV9pZD00MjYyMiZubD10aGUtbW9ybmluZyZyZWdpX2lkPTc3Njc0OTUyJnNlZ21lbnRfaWQ9NzEzOTcmdGU9MSZ1c2VyX2lkPWFhNDkxZWY3ZjFkOTY0ZTQ5NzlmYjc4NGU3NGUwMWQ3VwNueXRCCmFfTWNlYVgjPb5SG3RyaXN0cmFtYmFsZHdpbjkwQGdtYWlsLmNvbVgEAAAAAA~~). They’re set to appear in court today. Business A Southwest Airlines ticketing counter in Baltimore yesterday. The airline canceled more than a quarter of its scheduled flights over the weekend.Kevin Dietsch/Getty Images - Southwest Airlines canceled [hundreds more flights](~/AAAAAQA~/RgRjR-hNP0TlaHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnl0aW1lcy5jb20vMjAyMS8xMC8xMS9idXNpbmVzcy9zb3V0aHdlc3QtYWlybGluZXMtY2FuY2VsbGF0aW9ucy5odG1sP2NhbXBhaWduX2lkPTkmZW1jPWVkaXRfbm5fMjAyMTEwMTImaW5zdGFuY2VfaWQ9NDI2MjImbmw9dGhlLW1vcm5pbmcmcmVnaV9pZD03NzY3NDk1MiZzZWdtZW50X2lkPTcxMzk3JnRlPTEmdXNlcl9pZD1hYTQ5MWVmN2YxZDk2NGU0OTc5ZmI3ODRlNzRlMDFkN1cDbnl0QgphX01jZWFYIz2-Uht0cmlzdHJhbWJhbGR3aW45MEBnbWFpbC5jb21YBAAAAAA~) yesterday. - Racial bias hurt Black business owners who sought pandemic relief loans, [research shows](~/AAAAAQA~/RgRjR-hNP0TgaHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnl0aW1lcy5jb20vMjAyMS8xMC8xMS9idXNpbmVzcy9wcHAtbG9hbnMtY292aWQtcmFjaWFsLWJpYXMuaHRtbD9jYW1wYWlnbl9pZD05JmVtYz1lZGl0X25uXzIwMjExMDEyJmluc3RhbmNlX2lkPTQyNjIyJm5sPXRoZS1tb3JuaW5nJnJlZ2lfaWQ9Nzc2NzQ5NTImc2VnbWVudF9pZD03MTM5NyZ0ZT0xJnVzZXJfaWQ9YWE0OTFlZjdmMWQ5NjRlNDk3OWZiNzg0ZTc0ZTAxZDdXA255dEIKYV9NY2VhWCM9vlIbdHJpc3RyYW1iYWxkd2luOTBAZ21haWwuY29tWAQAAAAA). - The I.M.F.’s executive board said that Kristalina Georgieva would remain as managing director, clearing her of allegations of [manipulating data to placate Beijing](~/AAAAAQA~/RgRjR-hNP0TdaHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnl0aW1lcy5jb20vMjAyMS8xMC8xMS9idXNpbmVzcy9rcmlzdGFsaW5hLWdlb3JnaWV2YS1pbWYuaHRtbD9jYW1wYWlnbl9pZD05JmVtYz1lZGl0X25uXzIwMjExMDEyJmluc3RhbmNlX2lkPTQyNjIyJm5sPXRoZS1tb3JuaW5nJnJlZ2lfaWQ9Nzc2NzQ5NTImc2VnbWVudF9pZD03MTM5NyZ0ZT0xJnVzZXJfaWQ9YWE0OTFlZjdmMWQ5NjRlNDk3OWZiNzg0ZTc0ZTAxZDdXA255dEIKYV9NY2VhWCM9vlIbdHJpc3RyYW1iYWxkd2luOTBAZ21haWwuY29tWAQAAAAA). - The troubles of the giant property developer Evergrande have [threatened an important economic driver](~/AAAAAQA~/RgRjR-hNP0TlaHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnl0aW1lcy5jb20vMjAyMS8xMC8xMi9idXNpbmVzcy9ldmVyZ3JhbmRlLWhvbWVidXllcnMtZGVidC1jaGluYS5odG1sP2NhbXBhaWduX2lkPTkmZW1jPWVkaXRfbm5fMjAyMTEwMTImaW5zdGFuY2VfaWQ9NDI2MjImbmw9dGhlLW1vcm5pbmcmcmVnaV9pZD03NzY3NDk1MiZzZWdtZW50X2lkPTcxMzk3JnRlPTEmdXNlcl9pZD1hYTQ5MWVmN2YxZDk2NGU0OTc5ZmI3ODRlNzRlMDFkN1cDbnl0QgphX01jZWFYIz2-Uht0cmlzdHJhbWJhbGR3aW45MEBnbWFpbC5jb21YBAAAAAA~) in China: home sales. Other Big Stories - Jon Gruden [resigned as coach of the Las Vegas Raiders](~/AAAAAQA~/RgRjR-hNP0TjaHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnl0aW1lcy5jb20vMjAyMS8xMC8xMS9zcG9ydHMvZm9vdGJhbGwvd2hhdC1kaWQtam9uLWdydWRlbi1zYXkuaHRtbD9jYW1wYWlnbl9pZD05JmVtYz1lZGl0X25uXzIwMjExMDEyJmluc3RhbmNlX2lkPTQyNjIyJm5sPXRoZS1tb3JuaW5nJnJlZ2lfaWQ9Nzc2NzQ5NTImc2VnbWVudF9pZD03MTM5NyZ0ZT0xJnVzZXJfaWQ9YWE0OTFlZjdmMWQ5NjRlNDk3OWZiNzg0ZTc0ZTAxZDdXA255dEIKYV9NY2VhWCM9vlIbdHJpc3RyYW1iYWxkd2luOTBAZ21haWwuY29tWAQAAAAA) after emails surfaced in which he made homophobic and misogynistic remarks. - Syria remains mired in chaos, but Middle Eastern leaders [have reluctantly reconnected](~/AAAAAQA~/RgRjR-hNP0TbaHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnl0aW1lcy5jb20vMjAyMS8xMC8xMS93b3JsZC9taWRkbGVlYXN0L2FsLWFzc2FkLXN5cmlhLmh0bWw_Y2FtcGFpZ25faWQ9OSZlbWM9ZWRpdF9ubl8yMDIxMTAxMiZpbnN0YW5jZV9pZD00MjYyMiZubD10aGUtbW9ybmluZyZyZWdpX2lkPTc3Njc0OTUyJnNlZ21lbnRfaWQ9NzEzOTcmdGU9MSZ1c2VyX2lkPWFhNDkxZWY3ZjFkOTY0ZTQ5NzlmYjc4NGU3NGUwMWQ3VwNueXRCCmFfTWNlYVgjPb5SG3RyaXN0cmFtYmFsZHdpbjkwQGdtYWlsLmNvbVgEAAAAAA~~) with President Bashar al-Assad. - Former patients say a doctor got them addicted to painkillers and sexually assaulted them. [How did he keep working](~/AAAAAQA~/RgRjR-hNP0TgaHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnl0aW1lcy5jb20vMjAyMS8xMC8xMS9oZWFsdGgvcmljYXJkby1jcnVjaWFuaS1zZXh1YWwtYWJ1c2UuaHRtbD9jYW1wYWlnbl9pZD05JmVtYz1lZGl0X25uXzIwMjExMDEyJmluc3RhbmNlX2lkPTQyNjIyJm5sPXRoZS1tb3JuaW5nJnJlZ2lfaWQ9Nzc2NzQ5NTImc2VnbWVudF9pZD03MTM5NyZ0ZT0xJnVzZXJfaWQ9YWE0OTFlZjdmMWQ5NjRlNDk3OWZiNzg0ZTc0ZTAxZDdXA255dEIKYV9NY2VhWCM9vlIbdHJpc3RyYW1iYWxkd2luOTBAZ21haWwuY29tWAQAAAAA)? - A new Superman — Jonathan Kent, the son of Clark Kent and Lois Lane — [will start a romantic relationship with a male friend](~/AAAAAQA~/RgRjR-hNP0TTaHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnl0aW1lcy5jb20vMjAyMS8xMC8xMS9hcnRzL3N1cGVybWFuLWNvbWVzLW91dC5odG1sP2NhbXBhaWduX2lkPTkmZW1jPWVkaXRfbm5fMjAyMTEwMTImaW5zdGFuY2VfaWQ9NDI2MjImbmw9dGhlLW1vcm5pbmcmcmVnaV9pZD03NzY3NDk1MiZzZWdtZW50X2lkPTcxMzk3JnRlPTEmdXNlcl9pZD1hYTQ5MWVmN2YxZDk2NGU0OTc5ZmI3ODRlNzRlMDFkN1cDbnl0QgphX01jZWFYIz2-Uht0cmlzdHJhbWJhbGR3aW45MEBnbWFpbC5jb21YBAAAAAA~). - Matt Amodio’s “Jeopardy!” streak [ended after 38 wins](~/AAAAAQA~/RgRjR-hNP0TsaHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnl0aW1lcy5jb20vMjAyMS8xMC8xMS9hcnRzL3RlbGV2aXNpb24vbWF0dC1hbW9kaW8tamVvcGFyZHktc3RyZWFrLW92ZXIuaHRtbD9jYW1wYWlnbl9pZD05JmVtYz1lZGl0X25uXzIwMjExMDEyJmluc3RhbmNlX2lkPTQyNjIyJm5sPXRoZS1tb3JuaW5nJnJlZ2lfaWQ9Nzc2NzQ5NTImc2VnbWVudF9pZD03MTM5NyZ0ZT0xJnVzZXJfaWQ9YWE0OTFlZjdmMWQ5NjRlNDk3OWZiNzg0ZTc0ZTAxZDdXA255dEIKYV9NY2VhWCM9vlIbdHJpc3RyYW1iYWxkd2luOTBAZ21haWwuY29tWAQAAAAA). (Related: Is Mayim Bialik [“neutral” enough](~/AAAAAQA~/RgRjR-hNP0ThaHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnl0aW1lcy5jb20vMjAyMS8xMC8xMS9hcnRzL3RlbGV2aXNpb24vbWF5aW0tYmlhbGlrLWplb3BhcmR5Lmh0bWw_Y2FtcGFpZ25faWQ9OSZlbWM9ZWRpdF9ubl8yMDIxMTAxMiZpbnN0YW5jZV9pZD00MjYyMiZubD10aGUtbW9ybmluZyZyZWdpX2lkPTc3Njc0OTUyJnNlZ21lbnRfaWQ9NzEzOTcmdGU9MSZ1c2VyX2lkPWFhNDkxZWY3ZjFkOTY0ZTQ5NzlmYjc4NGU3NGUwMWQ3VwNueXRCCmFfTWNlYVgjPb5SG3RyaXN0cmFtYmFsZHdpbjkwQGdtYWlsLmNvbVgEAAAAAA~~) to be the permanent host?) Opinions If you think Covid restrictions are onerous on land, [try going on a cruise](~/AAAAAQA~/RgRjR-hNP0T2aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cud3NqLmNvbS9hcnRpY2xlcy9jb3ZpZC1hbnhpZXR5LWNydWlzZS1yZXN0cmljdGlvbnMtdHJhdmVsLXRlc3RzLXZhY2NpbmF0ZWQtMTE2MzM4OTY2NjA_Y2FtcGFpZ25faWQ9OSZlbWM9ZWRpdF9ubl8yMDIxMTAxMiZpbnN0YW5jZV9pZD00MjYyMiZubD10aGUtbW9ybmluZyZyZWdpX2lkPTc3Njc0OTUyJnNlZ21lbnRfaWQ9NzEzOTcmdGU9MSZ1c2VyX2lkPWFhNDkxZWY3ZjFkOTY0ZTQ5NzlmYjc4NGU3NGUwMWQ3VwNueXRCCmFfTWNlYVgjPb5SG3RyaXN0cmFtYmFsZHdpbjkwQGdtYWlsLmNvbVgEAAAAAA~~), Katrina Gulliver writes in The Wall Street Journal. Data-driven economic findings [support a greater government role](~/AAAAAQA~/RgRjR-hNP0TZaHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnl0aW1lcy5jb20vMjAyMS8xMC8xMS9vcGluaW9uL25vYmVsLXByaXplLWVjb25vbWljcy5odG1sP2NhbXBhaWduX2lkPTkmZW1jPWVkaXRfbm5fMjAyMTEwMTImaW5zdGFuY2VfaWQ9NDI2MjImbmw9dGhlLW1vcm5pbmcmcmVnaV9pZD03NzY3NDk1MiZzZWdtZW50X2lkPTcxMzk3JnRlPTEmdXNlcl9pZD1hYTQ5MWVmN2YxZDk2NGU0OTc5ZmI3ODRlNzRlMDFkN1cDbnl0QgphX01jZWFYIz2-Uht0cmlzdHJhbWJhbGR3aW45MEBnbWFpbC5jb21YBAAAAAA~) in addressing inequality, says Paul Krugman. [Continue reading the main story](#a11y-skip-0) ADVERTISEMENT ~/AAAAAQA~/RgRjR-hNP0RtaHR0cHM6Ly9saXZlaW50ZW50Lm5ld3lvcmt0aW1lc2luZm8uY29tL2NsaWNrP3M9MTYyMDAzJmxpPU5OJm09YWE0OTFlZjdmMWQ5NjRlNDk3OWZiNzg0ZTc0ZTAxZDcmcD1OTl8yMDIxMTAxMlcDbnl0QgphX01jZWFYIz2-Uht0cmlzdHJhbWJhbGR3aW45MEBnbWFpbC5jb21YBAAAAAA~ MORNING READS A cactus in Honolulu that unfurls its petals only in darkness.Linny Morris Flora: Revel in the beauty of [night-blooming flowers](~/AAAAAQA~/RgRjR-hNP0TdaHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnl0aW1lcy5jb20vMjAyMS8xMC8xMS90LW1hZ2F6aW5lL25pZ2h0LWJsb29taW5nLWZsb3dlcnMuaHRtbD9jYW1wYWlnbl9pZD05JmVtYz1lZGl0X25uXzIwMjExMDEyJmluc3RhbmNlX2lkPTQyNjIyJm5sPXRoZS1tb3JuaW5nJnJlZ2lfaWQ9Nzc2NzQ5NTImc2VnbWVudF9pZD03MTM5NyZ0ZT0xJnVzZXJfaWQ9YWE0OTFlZjdmMWQ5NjRlNDk3OWZiNzg0ZTc0ZTAxZDdXA255dEIKYV9NY2VhWCM9vlIbdHJpc3RyYW1iYWxkd2luOTBAZ21haWwuY29tWAQAAAAA). South Carolina mystery: [Deaths and betrayals](~/AAAAAQA~/RgRjR-hNP0TjaHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnl0aW1lcy5jb20vMjAyMS8xMC8xMi91cy9hbGV4LW11cmRhdWdoLW11cmRlcnMtc291dGgtY2Fyb2xpbmEuaHRtbD9jYW1wYWlnbl9pZD05JmVtYz1lZGl0X25uXzIwMjExMDEyJmluc3RhbmNlX2lkPTQyNjIyJm5sPXRoZS1tb3JuaW5nJnJlZ2lfaWQ9Nzc2NzQ5NTImc2VnbWVudF9pZD03MTM5NyZ0ZT0xJnVzZXJfaWQ9YWE0OTFlZjdmMWQ5NjRlNDk3OWZiNzg0ZTc0ZTAxZDdXA255dEIKYV9NY2VhWCM9vlIbdHJpc3RyYW1iYWxkd2luOTBAZ21haWwuY29tWAQAAAAA) surround the saga of the small-town lawyer Alex Murdaugh. Restaurants: Times writers picked the [50 most vibrant and delicious](~/AAAAAQA~/RgRjR-hNP0TpaHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnl0aW1lcy5jb20vaW50ZXJhY3RpdmUvMjAyMS9kaW5pbmcvZmF2b3JpdGUtcmVzdGF1cmFudC1saXN0LWFtZXJpY2EuaHRtbD9jYW1wYWlnbl9pZD05JmVtYz1lZGl0X25uXzIwMjExMDEyJmluc3RhbmNlX2lkPTQyNjIyJm5sPXRoZS1tb3JuaW5nJnJlZ2lfaWQ9Nzc2NzQ5NTImc2VnbWVudF9pZD03MTM5NyZ0ZT0xJnVzZXJfaWQ9YWE0OTFlZjdmMWQ5NjRlNDk3OWZiNzg0ZTc0ZTAxZDdXA255dEIKYV9NY2VhWCM9vlIbdHJpc3RyYW1iYWxkd2luOTBAZ21haWwuY29tWAQAAAAA) in the U.S. A Times classic: How to [have a better relationship](~/AAAAAQA~/RgRjR-hNP0TZaHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnl0aW1lcy5jb20vZ3VpZGVzL3dlbGwvaG93LXRvLWhhdmUtYS1iZXR0ZXItcmVsYXRpb25zaGlwP2NhbXBhaWduX2lkPTkmZW1jPWVkaXRfbm5fMjAyMTEwMTImaW5zdGFuY2VfaWQ9NDI2MjImbmw9dGhlLW1vcm5pbmcmcmVnaV9pZD03NzY3NDk1MiZzZWdtZW50X2lkPTcxMzk3JnRlPTEmdXNlcl9pZD1hYTQ5MWVmN2YxZDk2NGU0OTc5ZmI3ODRlNzRlMDFkN1cDbnl0QgphX01jZWFYIz2-Uht0cmlzdHJhbWJhbGR3aW45MEBnbWFpbC5jb21YBAAAAAA~). Lives Lived: Iohan Gueorguiev gained a following for videos of himself biking through remote landscapes. He [died at 33](~/AAAAAQA~/RgRjR-hNP0TYaHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnl0aW1lcy5jb20vMjAyMS8xMC8xMS90cmF2ZWwvaW9oYW4tZ3Vlb3JndWlldi1kZWFkLmh0bWw_Y2FtcGFpZ25faWQ9OSZlbWM9ZWRpdF9ubl8yMDIxMTAxMiZpbnN0YW5jZV9pZD00MjYyMiZubD10aGUtbW9ybmluZyZyZWdpX2lkPTc3Njc0OTUyJnNlZ21lbnRfaWQ9NzEzOTcmdGU9MSZ1c2VyX2lkPWFhNDkxZWY3ZjFkOTY0ZTQ5NzlmYjc4NGU3NGUwMWQ3VwNueXRCCmFfTWNlYVgjPb5SG3RyaXN0cmFtYmFsZHdpbjkwQGdtYWlsLmNvbVgEAAAAAA~~). ARTS AND IDEAS A scene from “Squid Game,” which is poised to become Netflix’s most-watched show.Netflix A closer look at “Squid Game” Netflix’s “Squid Game” is a global hit. A thriller series from South Korea, it follows desperate characters in severe debt as they compete in deadly children’s games for cash. It has drawn attention for its graphic violence, fantastical sets and class commentary. For more context: “Squid Game” taps into South Koreans’ worries about [costly housing, rising debt and scarce jobs](~/AAAAAQA~/RgRjR-hNP0TqaHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnl0aW1lcy5jb20vMjAyMS8xMC8wNi9idXNpbmVzcy9lY29ub215L3NxdWlkLWdhbWUtbmV0ZmxpeC1pbmVxdWFsaXR5Lmh0bWw_Y2FtcGFpZ25faWQ9OSZlbWM9ZWRpdF9ubl8yMDIxMTAxMiZpbnN0YW5jZV9pZD00MjYyMiZubD10aGUtbW9ybmluZyZyZWdpX2lkPTc3Njc0OTUyJnNlZ21lbnRfaWQ9NzEzOTcmdGU9MSZ1c2VyX2lkPWFhNDkxZWY3ZjFkOTY0ZTQ5NzlmYjc4NGU3NGUwMWQ3VwNueXRCCmFfTWNlYVgjPb5SG3RyaXN0cmFtYmFsZHdpbjkwQGdtYWlsLmNvbVgEAAAAAA~~). Read the Times review: Why our critic calls it “[empty, bloody calories](~/AAAAAQA~/RgRjR-hNP0TfaHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnl0aW1lcy5jb20vMjAyMS8xMC8xMS9hcnRzL3RlbGV2aXNpb24vc3F1aWQtZ2FtZS12aW9sZW5jZS5odG1sP2NhbXBhaWduX2lkPTkmZW1jPWVkaXRfbm5fMjAyMTEwMTImaW5zdGFuY2VfaWQ9NDI2MjImbmw9dGhlLW1vcm5pbmcmcmVnaV9pZD03NzY3NDk1MiZzZWdtZW50X2lkPTcxMzk3JnRlPTEmdXNlcl9pZD1hYTQ5MWVmN2YxZDk2NGU0OTc5ZmI3ODRlNzRlMDFkN1cDbnl0QgphX01jZWFYIz2-Uht0cmlzdHJhbWJhbGR3aW45MEBnbWFpbC5jb21YBAAAAAA~).” Listen in: The podcast “Time to Say Goodbye” [analyzed “Squid Game” (and its polarizing ending)](~/AAAAAQA~/RgRjR-hNP0TPaHR0cHM6Ly9nb29kYnllLnN1YnN0YWNrLmNvbS9wL3NxdWlkLWdhbWUtd2UtYXJlLW5vdC1ob3JzZXM_Y2FtcGFpZ25faWQ9OSZlbWM9ZWRpdF9ubl8yMDIxMTAxMiZpbnN0YW5jZV9pZD00MjYyMiZubD10aGUtbW9ybmluZyZyZWdpX2lkPTc3Njc0OTUyJnNlZ21lbnRfaWQ9NzEzOTcmdGU9MSZ1c2VyX2lkPWFhNDkxZWY3ZjFkOTY0ZTQ5NzlmYjc4NGU3NGUwMWQ3VwNueXRCCmFfTWNlYVgjPb5SG3RyaXN0cmFtYmFsZHdpbjkwQGdtYWlsLmNvbVgEAAAAAA~~). What to watch next: Fans can try [these six shows and movies](~/AAAAAQA~/RgRjR-hNP0TgaHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnl0aW1lcy5jb20vMjAyMS8xMC8wNi9hcnRzL3RlbGV2aXNpb24vc3F1aWQtZ2FtZS1zdHJlYW1pbmcuaHRtbD9jYW1wYWlnbl9pZD05JmVtYz1lZGl0X25uXzIwMjExMDEyJmluc3RhbmNlX2lkPTQyNjIyJm5sPXRoZS1tb3JuaW5nJnJlZ2lfaWQ9Nzc2NzQ5NTImc2VnbWVudF9pZD03MTM5NyZ0ZT0xJnVzZXJfaWQ9YWE0OTFlZjdmMWQ5NjRlNDk3OWZiNzg0ZTc0ZTAxZDdXA255dEIKYV9NY2VhWCM9vlIbdHJpc3RyYW1iYWxkd2luOTBAZ21haWwuY29tWAQAAAAA). PLAY, WATCH, EAT What to Cook Kelly Marshall for The New York Times Vermicelli and tofu make [this tom yum soup](~/AAAAAQA~/RgRjR-hNP0TlaHR0cHM6Ly9jb29raW5nLm55dGltZXMuY29tL3JlY2lwZXMvMTAyMjYxMi10b20teXVtLXNvdXAtd2l0aC10b2Z1LWFuZC12ZXJtaWNlbGxpP2NhbXBhaWduX2lkPTkmZW1jPWVkaXRfbm5fMjAyMTEwMTImaW5zdGFuY2VfaWQ9NDI2MjImbmw9dGhlLW1vcm5pbmcmcmVnaV9pZD03NzY3NDk1MiZzZWdtZW50X2lkPTcxMzk3JnRlPTEmdXNlcl9pZD1hYTQ5MWVmN2YxZDk2NGU0OTc5ZmI3ODRlNzRlMDFkN1cDbnl0QgphX01jZWFYIz2-Uht0cmlzdHJhbWJhbGR3aW45MEBnbWFpbC5jb21YBAAAAAA~) a quick and filling dinner. What to Watch The killer doll Chucky is back — [with a queerer sensibility](~/AAAAAQA~/RgRjR-hNP0TlaHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnl0aW1lcy5jb20vMjAyMS8xMC8xMS9hcnRzL3RlbGV2aXNpb24vY2h1Y2t5LXNlcmllcy1kb24tbWFuY2luaS5odG1sP2NhbXBhaWduX2lkPTkmZW1jPWVkaXRfbm5fMjAyMTEwMTImaW5zdGFuY2VfaWQ9NDI2MjImbmw9dGhlLW1vcm5pbmcmcmVnaV9pZD03NzY3NDk1MiZzZWdtZW50X2lkPTcxMzk3JnRlPTEmdXNlcl9pZD1hYTQ5MWVmN2YxZDk2NGU0OTc5ZmI3ODRlNzRlMDFkN1cDbnl0QgphX01jZWFYIz2-Uht0cmlzdHJhbWJhbGR3aW45MEBnbWFpbC5jb21YBAAAAAA~). Through a Lens The scenery on the windswept [Scottish archipelago of St. Kilda is otherworldly](~/AAAAAQA~/RgRjR-hNP0TUaHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnl0aW1lcy5jb20vMjAyMS8xMC8xMS90cmF2ZWwvc3Qta2lsZGEtc2NvdGxhbmQuaHRtbD9jYW1wYWlnbl9pZD05JmVtYz1lZGl0X25uXzIwMjExMDEyJmluc3RhbmNlX2lkPTQyNjIyJm5sPXRoZS1tb3JuaW5nJnJlZ2lfaWQ9Nzc2NzQ5NTImc2VnbWVudF9pZD03MTM5NyZ0ZT0xJnVzZXJfaWQ9YWE0OTFlZjdmMWQ5NjRlNDk3OWZiNzg0ZTc0ZTAxZDdXA255dEIKYV9NY2VhWCM9vlIbdHJpc3RyYW1iYWxkd2luOTBAZ21haWwuY29tWAQAAAAA). Late Night The hosts joked [about a Trump rally](~/AAAAAQA~/RgRjR-hNP0ToaHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnl0aW1lcy5jb20vMjAyMS8xMC8xMi9hcnRzL3RlbGV2aXNpb24vc2V0aC1tZXllcnMtdHJ1bXAtaW93YS1yYWxseS5odG1sP2NhbXBhaWduX2lkPTkmZW1jPWVkaXRfbm5fMjAyMTEwMTImaW5zdGFuY2VfaWQ9NDI2MjImbmw9dGhlLW1vcm5pbmcmcmVnaV9pZD03NzY3NDk1MiZzZWdtZW50X2lkPTcxMzk3JnRlPTEmdXNlcl9pZD1hYTQ5MWVmN2YxZDk2NGU0OTc5ZmI3ODRlNzRlMDFkN1cDbnl0QgphX01jZWFYIz2-Uht0cmlzdHJhbWJhbGR3aW45MEBnbWFpbC5jb21YBAAAAAA~). Now Time to Play ~/AAAAAQA~/RgRjR-hNP0TAaHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnl0aW1lcy5jb20vcHV6emxlcy9zcGVsbGluZy1iZWU_Y2FtcGFpZ25faWQ9OSZlbWM9ZWRpdF9ubl8yMDIxMTAxMiZpbnN0YW5jZV9pZD00MjYyMiZubD10aGUtbW9ybmluZyZyZWdpX2lkPTc3Njc0OTUyJnNlZ21lbnRfaWQ9NzEzOTcmdGU9MSZ1c2VyX2lkPWFhNDkxZWY3ZjFkOTY0ZTQ5NzlmYjc4NGU3NGUwMWQ3VwNueXRCCmFfTWNlYVgjPb5SG3RyaXN0cmFtYmFsZHdpbjkwQGdtYWlsLmNvbVgEAAAAAA~~ The pangram from yesterday’s Spelling Bee was calorific. Here is today’s puzzle — or you can [play online](~/AAAAAQA~/RgRjR-hNP0TAaHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnl0aW1lcy5jb20vcHV6emxlcy9zcGVsbGluZy1iZWU_Y2FtcGFpZ25faWQ9OSZlbWM9ZWRpdF9ubl8yMDIxMTAxMiZpbnN0YW5jZV9pZD00MjYyMiZubD10aGUtbW9ybmluZyZyZWdpX2lkPTc3Njc0OTUyJnNlZ21lbnRfaWQ9NzEzOTcmdGU9MSZ1c2VyX2lkPWFhNDkxZWY3ZjFkOTY0ZTQ5NzlmYjc4NGU3NGUwMWQ3VwNueXRCCmFfTWNlYVgjPb5SG3RyaXN0cmFtYmFsZHdpbjkwQGdtYWlsLmNvbVgEAAAAAA~~). Here’s [today’s Mini Crossword](~/AAAAAQA~/RgRjR-hNP0TAaHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnl0aW1lcy5jb20vY3Jvc3N3b3Jkcy9nYW1lL21pbmk_Y2FtcGFpZ25faWQ9OSZlbWM9ZWRpdF9ubl8yMDIxMTAxMiZpbnN0YW5jZV9pZD00MjYyMiZubD10aGUtbW9ybmluZyZyZWdpX2lkPTc3Njc0OTUyJnNlZ21lbnRfaWQ9NzEzOTcmdGU9MSZ1c2VyX2lkPWFhNDkxZWY3ZjFkOTY0ZTQ5NzlmYjc4NGU3NGUwMWQ3VwNueXRCCmFfTWNlYVgjPb5SG3RyaXN0cmFtYmFsZHdpbjkwQGdtYWlsLmNvbVgEAAAAAA~~), and a clue: ___ Kippur (Jewish holiday) (three letters). If you’re in the mood to play more, find [all our games here](~/AAAAAQA~/RgRjR-hNP0SxaHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnl0aW1lcy5jb20vZ2FtZXM_Y2FtcGFpZ25faWQ9OSZlbWM9ZWRpdF9ubl8yMDIxMTAxMiZpbnN0YW5jZV9pZD00MjYyMiZubD10aGUtbW9ybmluZyZyZWdpX2lkPTc3Njc0OTUyJnNlZ21lbnRfaWQ9NzEzOTcmdGU9MSZ1c2VyX2lkPWFhNDkxZWY3ZjFkOTY0ZTQ5NzlmYjc4NGU3NGUwMWQ3VwNueXRCCmFfTWNlYVgjPb5SG3RyaXN0cmFtYmFsZHdpbjkwQGdtYWlsLmNvbVgEAAAAAA~~). Thanks for spending part of your morning with The Times. See you tomorrow. — David P.S. What’s the best book of the past 125 years? The Times Book Review [wants your nominations](~/AAAAAQA~/RgRjR-hNP0TaaHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnl0aW1lcy5jb20vaW50ZXJhY3RpdmUvMjAyMS9ib29rcy9iZXN0LWJvb2stbm9taW5hdGUuaHRtbD9jYW1wYWlnbl9pZD05JmVtYz1lZGl0X25uXzIwMjExMDEyJmluc3RhbmNlX2lkPTQyNjIyJm5sPXRoZS1tb3JuaW5nJnJlZ2lfaWQ9Nzc2NzQ5NTImc2VnbWVudF9pZD03MTM5NyZ0ZT0xJnVzZXJfaWQ9YWE0OTFlZjdmMWQ5NjRlNDk3OWZiNzg0ZTc0ZTAxZDdXA255dEIKYV9NY2VhWCM9vlIbdHJpc3RyYW1iYWxkd2luOTBAZ21haWwuY29tWAQAAAAA). Here’s [today’s print front page](~/AAAAAQA~/RgRjR-hNP0TUaHR0cHM6Ly9zdGF0aWMwMS5ueXQuY29tL2ltYWdlcy8yMDIxLzEwLzEyL255dGZyb250cGFnZS9zY2FuLnBkZj9jYW1wYWlnbl9pZD05JmVtYz1lZGl0X25uXzIwMjExMDEyJmluc3RhbmNlX2lkPTQyNjIyJm5sPXRoZS1tb3JuaW5nJnJlZ2lfaWQ9Nzc2NzQ5NTImc2VnbWVudF9pZD03MTM5NyZ0ZT0xJnVzZXJfaWQ9YWE0OTFlZjdmMWQ5NjRlNDk3OWZiNzg0ZTc0ZTAxZDdXA255dEIKYV9NY2VhWCM9vlIbdHJpc3RyYW1iYWxkd2luOTBAZ21haWwuY29tWAQAAAAA). “[The Daily](~/AAAAAQA~/RgRjR-hNP0S0aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnl0aW1lcy5jb20vdGhlZGFpbHk_Y2FtcGFpZ25faWQ9OSZlbWM9ZWRpdF9ubl8yMDIxMTAxMiZpbnN0YW5jZV9pZD00MjYyMiZubD10aGUtbW9ybmluZyZyZWdpX2lkPTc3Njc0OTUyJnNlZ21lbnRfaWQ9NzEzOTcmdGU9MSZ1c2VyX2lkPWFhNDkxZWY3ZjFkOTY0ZTQ5NzlmYjc4NGU3NGUwMWQ3VwNueXRCCmFfTWNlYVgjPb5SG3RyaXN0cmFtYmFsZHdpbjkwQGdtYWlsLmNvbVgEAAAAAA~~)” is about child care. Claire Moses, Ian Prasad Philbrick, Tom Wright-Piersanti, Ashley Wu and Sanam Yar contributed to The Morning. You can reach the team at themorning@nytimes.com. 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