In search of economic patriots

Time for the foreign policy establishment to step up. [View in browser](~/AAAAAQA~/RgRgJSqqP4QeAWh0dHBzOi8vbWVzc2FnaW5nLWN1c3RvbS1uZXdzbGV0dGVycy5ueXRpbWVzLmNvbS90ZW1wbGF0ZS9vYWt2Mj91cmk9bnl0Oi8vbmV3c2xldHRlci8wYzA0YjE0OC0xOWY2LTQxOWQtYTRjNS0yYjZkNWE3YzExNDkmdGU9MSZubD1kYXZpZC1sZW9uaGFyZHQmZW1jPWVkaXRfdHlfMjAyMDAyMTEmY2FtcGFpZ25faWQ9MzkmaW5zdGFuY2VfaWQ9MTU4OTUmc2VnbWVudF9pZD0yMTE2MSZ1c2VyX2lkPWFhNDkxZWY3ZjFkOTY0ZTQ5NzlmYjc4NGU3NGUwMWQ3JnJlZ2lfaWQ9Nzc2NzQ5NTJfdHlfMjAyMDAyMTFXA255dEIKACaqpUJeOLmy81IbdHJpc3RyYW1iYWxkd2luOTBAZ21haWwuY29tWAQAAAAA)|[nytimes.com](~/AAAAAQA~/RgRgJSqqP0S5aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnl0aW1lcy5jb20vP3RlPTEmbmw9ZGF2aWQtbGVvbmhhcmR0JmVtYz1lZGl0X3R5XzIwMjAwMjExJmNhbXBhaWduX2lkPTM5Jmluc3RhbmNlX2lkPTE1ODk1JnNlZ21lbnRfaWQ9MjExNjEmdXNlcl9pZD1hYTQ5MWVmN2YxZDk2NGU0OTc5ZmI3ODRlNzRlMDFkNyZyZWdpX2lkPTc3Njc0OTUyMjAyMDAyMTFXA255dEIKACaqpUJeOLmy81IbdHJpc3RyYW1iYWxkd2luOTBAZ21haWwuY29tWAQAAAAA)[Continue reading the main story](#a11y-skip-ad-marquee) ~/AAAAAQA~/RgRgJSqqP0RtaHR0cHM6Ly9saXZlaW50ZW50Lm5ld3lvcmt0aW1lc2luZm8uY29tL2NsaWNrP3M9MTYyMTM5JmxpPVRZJm09YWE0OTFlZjdmMWQ5NjRlNDk3OWZiNzg0ZTc0ZTAxZDcmcD1UWV8yMDIwMDIxMVcDbnl0QgoAJqqlQl44ubLzUht0cmlzdHJhbWJhbGR3aW45MEBnbWFpbC5jb21YBAAAAAA~ [NYTimes.com/David-Leonhardt](~/AAAAAQA~/RgRgJSqqP0TLaHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnl0aW1lcy5jb20vYnkvZGF2aWQtbGVvbmhhcmR0P3RlPTEmbmw9ZGF2aWQtbGVvbmhhcmR0JmVtYz1lZGl0X3R5XzIwMjAwMjExJmNhbXBhaWduX2lkPTM5Jmluc3RhbmNlX2lkPTE1ODk1JnNlZ21lbnRfaWQ9MjExNjEmdXNlcl9pZD1hYTQ5MWVmN2YxZDk2NGU0OTc5ZmI3ODRlNzRlMDFkNyZyZWdpX2lkPTc3Njc0OTUyMjAyMDAyMTFXA255dEIKACaqpUJeOLmy81IbdHJpc3RyYW1iYWxkd2luOTBAZ21haWwuY29tWAQAAAAA) February 11, 2020 [Author Headshot](~/AAAAAQA~/RgRgJSqqP0TLaHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnl0aW1lcy5jb20vYnkvZGF2aWQtbGVvbmhhcmR0P3RlPTEmbmw9ZGF2aWQtbGVvbmhhcmR0JmVtYz1lZGl0X3R5XzIwMjAwMjExJmNhbXBhaWduX2lkPTM5Jmluc3RhbmNlX2lkPTE1ODk1JnNlZ21lbnRfaWQ9MjExNjEmdXNlcl9pZD1hYTQ5MWVmN2YxZDk2NGU0OTc5ZmI3ODRlNzRlMDFkNyZyZWdpX2lkPTc3Njc0OTUyMjAyMDAyMTFXA255dEIKACaqpUJeOLmy81IbdHJpc3RyYW1iYWxkd2luOTBAZ21haWwuY29tWAQAAAAA) By [David Leonhardt](~/AAAAAQA~/RgRgJSqqP0TLaHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnl0aW1lcy5jb20vYnkvZGF2aWQtbGVvbmhhcmR0P3RlPTEmbmw9ZGF2aWQtbGVvbmhhcmR0JmVtYz1lZGl0X3R5XzIwMjAwMjExJmNhbXBhaWduX2lkPTM5Jmluc3RhbmNlX2lkPTE1ODk1JnNlZ21lbnRfaWQ9MjExNjEmdXNlcl9pZD1hYTQ5MWVmN2YxZDk2NGU0OTc5ZmI3ODRlNzRlMDFkNyZyZWdpX2lkPTc3Njc0OTUyMjAyMDAyMTFXA255dEIKACaqpUJeOLmy81IbdHJpc3RyYW1iYWxkd2luOTBAZ21haWwuY29tWAQAAAAA) Opinion Columnist Whenever I have heard military leaders [argue](~/AAAAAQA~/RgRgJSqqP4QRAWh0dHBzOi8vdGhlaGlsbC5jb20vb3Bpbmlvbi9uYXRpb25hbC1zZWN1cml0eS80MDc4ODUtdGhlLWNhdGFzdHJvcGhpYy10aHJlYXQtdG8tbmF0aW9uYWwtc2VjdXJpdHktZXhwbG9kaW5nLWRlYnQ_dGU9MSZubD1kYXZpZC1sZW9uaGFyZHQmZW1jPWVkaXRfdHlfMjAyMDAyMTEmY2FtcGFpZ25faWQ9MzkmaW5zdGFuY2VfaWQ9MTU4OTUmc2VnbWVudF9pZD0yMTE2MSZ1c2VyX2lkPWFhNDkxZWY3ZjFkOTY0ZTQ5NzlmYjc4NGU3NGUwMWQ3JnJlZ2lfaWQ9Nzc2NzQ5NTIyMDIwMDIxMVcDbnl0QgoAJqqlQl44ubLzUht0cmlzdHJhbWJhbGR3aW45MEBnbWFpbC5jb21YBAAAAAA~) that the biggest long-term threat to American national security is our [national debt](~/AAAAAQA~/RgRgJSqqP0TfaHR0cHM6Ly9hcmNoaXZlLmRlZmVuc2UuZ292L25ld3MvbmV3c2FydGljbGUuYXNweD9pZD02MDYyMSZ0ZT0xJm5sPWRhdmlkLWxlb25oYXJkdCZlbWM9ZWRpdF90eV8yMDIwMDIxMSZjYW1wYWlnbl9pZD0zOSZpbnN0YW5jZV9pZD0xNTg5NSZzZWdtZW50X2lkPTIxMTYxJnVzZXJfaWQ9YWE0OTFlZjdmMWQ5NjRlNDk3OWZiNzg0ZTc0ZTAxZDcmcmVnaV9pZD03NzY3NDk1Ml90eV8yMDIwMDIxMVcDbnl0QgoAJqqlQl44ubLzUht0cmlzdHJhbWJhbGR3aW45MEBnbWFpbC5jb21YBAAAAAA~), I’ve had mixed feelings. On the one hand, I’ve been glad that the leaders are willing to engage in important issues beyond military matters. On the other hand, I think they’re wrong on the substance — and that the debt is not the pre-eminent danger to American interests. I’d rank it behind [climate change](~/AAAAAQA~/RgRgJSqqP0TqaHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnl0aW1lcy5jb20vMjAxOS8xMC8yNy9vcGluaW9uL2NsaW1hdGUtY2hhbmdlLWhlYWx0aGNhcmUuaHRtbD90ZT0xJm5sPWRhdmlkLWxlb25oYXJkdCZlbWM9ZWRpdF90eV8yMDIwMDIxMSZjYW1wYWlnbl9pZD0zOSZpbnN0YW5jZV9pZD0xNTg5NSZzZWdtZW50X2lkPTIxMTYxJnVzZXJfaWQ9YWE0OTFlZjdmMWQ5NjRlNDk3OWZiNzg0ZTc0ZTAxZDcmcmVnaV9pZD03NzY3NDk1MjIwMjAwMjExVwNueXRCCgAmqqVCXji5svNSG3RyaXN0cmFtYmFsZHdpbjkwQGdtYWlsLmNvbVgEAAAAAA~~), the [stagnation](~/AAAAAQA~/RgRgJSqqP0TraHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnl0aW1lcy5jb20vMjAxNi8xMC8xMS9vcGluaW9uL2EtZ3JlYXQtZmlnaHQtb2Ytb3VyLXRpbWVzLmh0bWw_dGU9MSZubD1kYXZpZC1sZW9uaGFyZHQmZW1jPWVkaXRfdHlfMjAyMDAyMTEmY2FtcGFpZ25faWQ9MzkmaW5zdGFuY2VfaWQ9MTU4OTUmc2VnbWVudF9pZD0yMTE2MSZ1c2VyX2lkPWFhNDkxZWY3ZjFkOTY0ZTQ5NzlmYjc4NGU3NGUwMWQ3JnJlZ2lfaWQ9Nzc2NzQ5NTIyMDIwMDIxMVcDbnl0QgoAJqqlQl44ubLzUht0cmlzdHJhbWJhbGR3aW45MEBnbWFpbC5jb21YBAAAAAA~) of mass living standards and the [erosion](~/AAAAAQA~/RgRgJSqqP0TwaHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnl0aW1lcy5jb20vMjAxOS8wNy8yNC9vcGluaW9uL3JvYmVydC1tdWVsbGVyLXJlcG9ydC10ZXN0aW1vbnkuaHRtbD90ZT0xJm5sPWRhdmlkLWxlb25oYXJkdCZlbWM9ZWRpdF90eV8yMDIwMDIxMSZjYW1wYWlnbl9pZD0zOSZpbnN0YW5jZV9pZD0xNTg5NSZzZWdtZW50X2lkPTIxMTYxJnVzZXJfaWQ9YWE0OTFlZjdmMWQ5NjRlNDk3OWZiNzg0ZTc0ZTAxZDcmcmVnaV9pZD03NzY3NDk1MjIwMjAwMjExVwNueXRCCgAmqqVCXji5svNSG3RyaXN0cmFtYmFsZHdpbjkwQGdtYWlsLmNvbVgEAAAAAA~~) of democracy. In Foreign Policy magazine, [Jennifer Harris and Jake Sullivan](~/AAAAAQA~/RgRgJSqqP4QOAWh0dHBzOi8vZm9yZWlnbnBvbGljeS5jb20vMjAyMC8wMi8wNy9hbWVyaWNhLW5lZWRzLWEtbmV3LWVjb25vbWljLXBoaWxvc29waHktZm9yZWlnbi1wb2xpY3ktZXhwZXJ0cy1jYW4taGVscC8_dGU9MSZubD1kYXZpZC1sZW9uaGFyZHQmZW1jPWVkaXRfdHlfMjAyMDAyMTEmY2FtcGFpZ25faWQ9MzkmaW5zdGFuY2VfaWQ9MTU4OTUmc2VnbWVudF9pZD0yMTE2MSZ1c2VyX2lkPWFhNDkxZWY3ZjFkOTY0ZTQ5NzlmYjc4NGU3NGUwMWQ3JnJlZ2lfaWQ9Nzc2NzQ5NTIyMDIwMDIxMVcDbnl0QgoAJqqlQl44ubLzUht0cmlzdHJhbWJhbGR3aW45MEBnbWFpbC5jb21YBAAAAAA~) have published a piece urging not just military leaders but the entire foreign policy community to focus more on economic questions than they have in recent years. It’s happened before. After both the Revolutionary War and World War II, foreign policy experts saw economic policy as a way to strengthen the United States against foreign rivals, Harris and Sullivan point out. I think a similar challenge exists today, especially from China. And the United States isn’t meeting it. Economic growth has been [mediocre](~/AAAAAQA~/RgRgJSqqP0TtaHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnl0aW1lcy5jb20vMjAxOS8wMy8xMC9vcGluaW9uL3VzLWVjb25vbXktc3RhZ25hdGlvbi1ncm93dGguaHRtbD90ZT0xJm5sPWRhdmlkLWxlb25oYXJkdCZlbWM9ZWRpdF90eV8yMDIwMDIxMSZjYW1wYWlnbl9pZD0zOSZpbnN0YW5jZV9pZD0xNTg5NSZzZWdtZW50X2lkPTIxMTYxJnVzZXJfaWQ9YWE0OTFlZjdmMWQ5NjRlNDk3OWZiNzg0ZTc0ZTAxZDcmcmVnaV9pZD03NzY3NDk1MjIwMjAwMjExVwNueXRCCgAmqqVCXji5svNSG3RyaXN0cmFtYmFsZHdpbjkwQGdtYWlsLmNvbVgEAAAAAA~~), and the gains [unevenly distributed](~/AAAAAQA~/RgRgJSqqP0T4aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnl0aW1lcy5jb20vaW50ZXJhY3RpdmUvMjAxNy8wOC8wNy9vcGluaW9uL2xlb25oYXJkdC1pbmNvbWUtaW5lcXVhbGl0eS5odG1sP3RlPTEmbmw9ZGF2aWQtbGVvbmhhcmR0JmVtYz1lZGl0X3R5XzIwMjAwMjExJmNhbXBhaWduX2lkPTM5Jmluc3RhbmNlX2lkPTE1ODk1JnNlZ21lbnRfaWQ9MjExNjEmdXNlcl9pZD1hYTQ5MWVmN2YxZDk2NGU0OTc5ZmI3ODRlNzRlMDFkNyZyZWdpX2lkPTc3Njc0OTUyMjAyMDAyMTFXA255dEIKACaqpUJeOLmy81IbdHJpc3RyYW1iYWxkd2luOTBAZ21haWwuY29tWAQAAAAA). Americans’ frustration with the situation has fed our angry, dysfunctional politics and, in turn, the country’s retreat from global leadership. [Continue reading the main story](#a11y-skip-0) ADVERTISEMENT ~/AAAAAQA~/RgRgJSqqP0RsaHR0cHM6Ly9saXZlaW50ZW50Lm5ld3lvcmt0aW1lc2luZm8uY29tL2NsaWNrP3M9NTk3ODUmbGk9VFkmbT1hYTQ5MWVmN2YxZDk2NGU0OTc5ZmI3ODRlNzRlMDFkNyZwPVRZXzIwMjAwMjExVwNueXRCCgAmqqVCXji5svNSG3RyaXN0cmFtYmFsZHdpbjkwQGdtYWlsLmNvbVgEAAAAAA~~ ~/AAAAAQA~/RgRgJSqqP0RsaHR0cHM6Ly9saXZlaW50ZW50Lm5ld3lvcmt0aW1lc2luZm8uY29tL2NsaWNrP3M9NTk3ODcmbGk9VFkmbT1hYTQ5MWVmN2YxZDk2NGU0OTc5ZmI3ODRlNzRlMDFkNyZwPVRZXzIwMjAwMjExVwNueXRCCgAmqqVCXji5svNSG3RyaXN0cmFtYmFsZHdpbjkwQGdtYWlsLmNvbVgEAAAAAA~~ ~/AAAAAQA~/RgRgJSqqP0RsaHR0cHM6Ly9saXZlaW50ZW50Lm5ld3lvcmt0aW1lc2luZm8uY29tL2NsaWNrP3M9NTk3ODYmbGk9VFkmbT1hYTQ5MWVmN2YxZDk2NGU0OTc5ZmI3ODRlNzRlMDFkNyZwPVRZXzIwMjAwMjExVwNueXRCCgAmqqVCXji5svNSG3RyaXN0cmFtYmFsZHdpbjkwQGdtYWlsLmNvbVgEAAAAAA~~ “The time has come for foreign-policy professionals to develop a sharper and more systematic sense of what needs to change in their own economic assumptions, both domestic and international,” Harris and Sullivan write. “Today’s national security experts need to move beyond the prevailing neoliberal economic philosophy of the past 40 years.” [Harris](~/AAAAAQA~/RgRgJSqqP0T_aHR0cHM6Ly90d2l0dGVyLmNvbS9qZW5uaWZlcm1oYXJyaXM_cmVmX3NyYz10d3NyYyU1RWdvb2dsZSU3Q3R3Y2FtcCU1RXNlcnAlN0N0d2dyJTVFYXV0aG9yJnRlPTEmbmw9ZGF2aWQtbGVvbmhhcmR0JmVtYz1lZGl0X3R5XzIwMjAwMjExJmNhbXBhaWduX2lkPTM5Jmluc3RhbmNlX2lkPTE1ODk1JnNlZ21lbnRfaWQ9MjExNjEmdXNlcl9pZD1hYTQ5MWVmN2YxZDk2NGU0OTc5ZmI3ODRlNzRlMDFkNyZyZWdpX2lkPTc3Njc0OTUyX3R5XzIwMjAwMjExVwNueXRCCgAmqqVCXji5svNSG3RyaXN0cmFtYmFsZHdpbjkwQGdtYWlsLmNvbVgEAAAAAA~~) (a Roosevelt Institute fellow) and [Sullivan](~/AAAAAQA~/RgRgJSqqP4QZAWh0dHBzOi8vd3d3Lm55dGltZXMuY29tLzIwMTQvMDYvMjEvdXMvZm9yLWRlcGFydGluZy1iaWRlbi1haWRlLWFuZC1jbGludG9uLWNvbmZpZGFudC1hbm90aGVyLXBvbGl0aWNhbC1jaG9pY2UtbG9vbXMuaHRtbD90ZT0xJm5sPWRhdmlkLWxlb25oYXJkdCZlbWM9ZWRpdF90eV8yMDIwMDIxMSZjYW1wYWlnbl9pZD0zOSZpbnN0YW5jZV9pZD0xNTg5NSZzZWdtZW50X2lkPTIxMTYxJnVzZXJfaWQ9YWE0OTFlZjdmMWQ5NjRlNDk3OWZiNzg0ZTc0ZTAxZDcmcmVnaV9pZD03NzY3NDk1MjIwMjAwMjExVwNueXRCCgAmqqVCXji5svNSG3RyaXN0cmFtYmFsZHdpbjkwQGdtYWlsLmNvbVgEAAAAAA~~) (a former Obama administration official) offer four specific suggestions for foreign policy experts: 1. Acknowledge that underinvestment — in education, technology, infrastructure and more — is an even bigger threat to national security than the long-term debt. 2. Follow the lead of Alexander Hamilton and Dwight Eisenhower, and make the case for a national industrial policy, especially to fight climate change. 3. Be more skeptical of the specific provisions in trade deals. 4. Remember that multinational corporations headquartered in the United States aren’t always acting in the national interest — and don’t let the federal government do their bidding. (The authors use the pharmaceutical industry as an example.) [Continue reading the main story](#a11y-skip-1) ADVERTISEMENT ~/AAAAAQA~/RgRgJSqqP0RtaHR0cHM6Ly9saXZlaW50ZW50Lm5ld3lvcmt0aW1lc2luZm8uY29tL2NsaWNrP3M9MjAxODEyJmxpPVRZJm09YWE0OTFlZjdmMWQ5NjRlNDk3OWZiNzg0ZTc0ZTAxZDcmcD1UWV8yMDIwMDIxMVcDbnl0QgoAJqqlQl44ubLzUht0cmlzdHJhbWJhbGR3aW45MEBnbWFpbC5jb21YBAAAAAA~ ~/AAAAAQA~/RgRgJSqqP0RtaHR0cHM6Ly9saXZlaW50ZW50Lm5ld3lvcmt0aW1lc2luZm8uY29tL2NsaWNrP3M9MjAxODEzJmxpPVRZJm09YWE0OTFlZjdmMWQ5NjRlNDk3OWZiNzg0ZTc0ZTAxZDcmcD1UWV8yMDIwMDIxMVcDbnl0QgoAJqqlQl44ubLzUht0cmlzdHJhbWJhbGR3aW45MEBnbWFpbC5jb21YBAAAAAA~ ~/AAAAAQA~/RgRgJSqqP0RtaHR0cHM6Ly9saXZlaW50ZW50Lm5ld3lvcmt0aW1lc2luZm8uY29tL2NsaWNrP3M9MjAxODE0JmxpPVRZJm09YWE0OTFlZjdmMWQ5NjRlNDk3OWZiNzg0ZTc0ZTAxZDcmcD1UWV8yMDIwMDIxMVcDbnl0QgoAJqqlQl44ubLzUht0cmlzdHJhbWJhbGR3aW45MEBnbWFpbC5jb21YBAAAAAA~ The piece is well argued, and I found the historical analogies especially telling. After World War II, foreign policy officials like Cordell Hull and George Kennan pushed the government to adopt Keynesian economic policies so the United States could outcompete the Soviet Union. It worked. Today’s challenges aren’t the same, and the solutions should not be the same. But military leaders and foreign policy experts can again use their prestige and credibility to play a crucial role. “The foreign-policy establishment need not come up with the next economic philosophy,” Harris and Sullivan write. “The task is more limited — to contribute a geopolitical perspective to the unfolding debate on what should follow neoliberalism and then to make the national security case for a new approach as it emerges.” The Iowa debacle, continued A [Quinnipiac poll](~/AAAAAQA~/RgRgJSqqP0TfaHR0cHM6Ly9wb2xsLnF1LmVkdS9uYXRpb25hbC9yZWxlYXNlLWRldGFpbD9SZWxlYXNlSUQ9MzY1NSZ0ZT0xJm5sPWRhdmlkLWxlb25oYXJkdCZlbWM9ZWRpdF90eV8yMDIwMDIxMSZjYW1wYWlnbl9pZD0zOSZpbnN0YW5jZV9pZD0xNTg5NSZzZWdtZW50X2lkPTIxMTYxJnVzZXJfaWQ9YWE0OTFlZjdmMWQ5NjRlNDk3OWZiNzg0ZTc0ZTAxZDcmcmVnaV9pZD03NzY3NDk1Ml90eV8yMDIwMDIxMVcDbnl0QgoAJqqlQl44ubLzUht0cmlzdHJhbWJhbGR3aW45MEBnbWFpbC5jb21YBAAAAAA~) yesterday showed that only 17 percent of Democratic voters nationwide thought that Iowa should continue to be the first state to vote in the nominating process. Fully 64 percent said Iowa should not go first. [It shouldn’t.](~/AAAAAQA~/RgRgJSqqP0TraHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnl0aW1lcy5jb20vMjAyMC8wMS8yNi9vcGluaW9uL2lvd2EtbmV3LWhhbXBzaGlyZS1wcmltYXJ5Lmh0bWw_dGU9MSZubD1kYXZpZC1sZW9uaGFyZHQmZW1jPWVkaXRfdHlfMjAyMDAyMTEmY2FtcGFpZ25faWQ9MzkmaW5zdGFuY2VfaWQ9MTU4OTUmc2VnbWVudF9pZD0yMTE2MSZ1c2VyX2lkPWFhNDkxZWY3ZjFkOTY0ZTQ5NzlmYjc4NGU3NGUwMWQ3JnJlZ2lfaWQ9Nzc2NzQ5NTIyMDIwMDIxMVcDbnl0QgoAJqqlQl44ubLzUht0cmlzdHJhbWJhbGR3aW45MEBnbWFpbC5jb21YBAAAAAA~) It should also switch from being a caucus to a primary. In the Ames (Iowa) Tribune, the writer [Dick Haws](~/AAAAAQA~/RgRgJSqqP0TtaHR0cHM6Ly93d3cuYW1lc3RyaWIuY29tL29waW5pb24vMjAyMDAyMDUvZGljay1oYXdzLWlvd2EtY2F1Y3VzZXMtbmVlZC10by1nbz90ZT0xJm5sPWRhdmlkLWxlb25oYXJkdCZlbWM9ZWRpdF90eV8yMDIwMDIxMSZjYW1wYWlnbl9pZD0zOSZpbnN0YW5jZV9pZD0xNTg5NSZzZWdtZW50X2lkPTIxMTYxJnVzZXJfaWQ9YWE0OTFlZjdmMWQ5NjRlNDk3OWZiNzg0ZTc0ZTAxZDcmcmVnaV9pZD03NzY3NDk1MjIwMjAwMjExVwNueXRCCgAmqqVCXji5svNSG3RyaXN0cmFtYmFsZHdpbjkwQGdtYWlsLmNvbVgEAAAAAA~~) recently made the case: This was my seventh Democratic caucus since moving to Iowa in 1983. It will be my last. I’ve long had gripes about the caucuses — that they were undemocratic because there was no secret ballot (Why should the employer know how the employee voted?), and unfair because they hugely favored people with enough time on their hands to spend several hours, starting at 7 on a February night, at the caucus (In an Iowa general election, by comparison, you can vote any time you want between 7 a.m. and 9 p.m. It usually takes less than 10 minutes.) … [Last week’s caucus] was awful. And I just hope the Democratic powers put a quick end to the Iowa caucuses so we can get on with getting ready for a primary in four years. [Continue reading the main story](#a11y-skip-2) ADVERTISEMENT ~/AAAAAQA~/RgRgJSqqP0RtaHR0cHM6Ly9saXZlaW50ZW50Lm5ld3lvcmt0aW1lc2luZm8uY29tL2NsaWNrP3M9NzI2NTM3JmxpPVRZJm09YWE0OTFlZjdmMWQ5NjRlNDk3OWZiNzg0ZTc0ZTAxZDcmcD1UWV8yMDIwMDIxMVcDbnl0QgoAJqqlQl44ubLzUht0cmlzdHJhbWJhbGR3aW45MEBnbWFpbC5jb21YBAAAAAA~ ~/AAAAAQA~/RgRgJSqqP0RtaHR0cHM6Ly9saXZlaW50ZW50Lm5ld3lvcmt0aW1lc2luZm8uY29tL2NsaWNrP3M9NzI2NTM4JmxpPVRZJm09YWE0OTFlZjdmMWQ5NjRlNDk3OWZiNzg0ZTc0ZTAxZDcmcD1UWV8yMDIwMDIxMVcDbnl0QgoAJqqlQl44ubLzUht0cmlzdHJhbWJhbGR3aW45MEBnbWFpbC5jb21YBAAAAAA~ ~/AAAAAQA~/RgRgJSqqP0RtaHR0cHM6Ly9saXZlaW50ZW50Lm5ld3lvcmt0aW1lc2luZm8uY29tL2NsaWNrP3M9NzI2NTQwJmxpPVRZJm09YWE0OTFlZjdmMWQ5NjRlNDk3OWZiNzg0ZTc0ZTAxZDcmcD1UWV8yMDIwMDIxMVcDbnl0QgoAJqqlQl44ubLzUht0cmlzdHJhbWJhbGR3aW45MEBnbWFpbC5jb21YBAAAAAA~ Forward this newsletter to friends ... ... and they can [sign up for themselves here](~/AAAAAQA~/RgRgJSqqP4RzAWh0dHBzOi8vd3d3Lm55dGltZXMuY29tL25ld3NsZXR0ZXJzL2RhdmlkLWxlb25oYXJkdD90ZT0xJm5sPW9waW5pb24tdG9kYXkmZW1jPWVkaXRfdHlfMjAxOTA2MjcmdGU9MSZubD1kYXZpZC1sZW9uaGFyZHQmZW1jPWVkaXRfdHlfMjAxOTExMDU_Y2FtcGFpZ25faWQ9MCZpbnN0YW5jZV9pZD0wJnNlZ21lbnRfaWQ9MCZ1c2VyX2lkPWI3NDM1OGM0OTU0ZGMyNGJmMTQ1MDA0OWQ3YmE1NDRiJnJlZ2lfaWQ9MCZjYW1wYWlnbl9pZD0zOSZpbnN0YW5jZV9pZD0xNTg5NSZzZWdtZW50X2lkPTIxMTYxJnVzZXJfaWQ9YWE0OTFlZjdmMWQ5NjRlNDk3OWZiNzg0ZTc0ZTAxZDcmcmVnaV9pZD03NzY3NDk1MjRkYzI0YmYxNDUwMDQ5ZDdiYTU0NGImcmVnaV9pZD0wVwNueXRCCgAmqqVCXji5svNSG3RyaXN0cmFtYmFsZHdpbjkwQGdtYWlsLmNvbVgEAAAAAA~~). It’s free and published every weekday, with help from my colleague Ian Prasad Philbrick. DAVID’S MORNING NYT WATCH [Where Being a Single Woman Is Not O.K. Dating is hard. 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When they retreated, an expanded view of what girlhood could look like was obscured, too. by lisa selin davis](~/AAAAAQA~/RgRgJSqqP0TgaHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnl0aW1lcy5jb20vMjAyMC8wMi8xMS9vcGluaW9uL3RvbWJveXMtY3VsdHVyZS5odG1sP3RlPTEmbmw9ZGF2aWQtbGVvbmhhcmR0JmVtYz1lZGl0X3R5XzIwMjAwMjExJmNhbXBhaWduX2lkPTM5Jmluc3RhbmNlX2lkPTE1ODk1JnNlZ21lbnRfaWQ9MjExNjEmdXNlcl9pZD1hYTQ5MWVmN2YxZDk2NGU0OTc5ZmI3ODRlNzRlMDFkNyZyZWdpX2lkPTc3Njc0OTUyMjAyMDAyMTFXA255dEIKACaqpUJeOLmy81IbdHJpc3RyYW1iYWxkd2luOTBAZ21haWwuY29tWAQAAAAA) [Article Thumbnail](~/AAAAAQA~/RgRgJSqqP0TgaHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnl0aW1lcy5jb20vMjAyMC8wMi8xMS9vcGluaW9uL3RvbWJveXMtY3VsdHVyZS5odG1sP3RlPTEmbmw9ZGF2aWQtbGVvbmhhcmR0JmVtYz1lZGl0X3R5XzIwMjAwMjExJmNhbXBhaWduX2lkPTM5Jmluc3RhbmNlX2lkPTE1ODk1JnNlZ21lbnRfaWQ9MjExNjEmdXNlcl9pZD1hYTQ5MWVmN2YxZDk2NGU0OTc5ZmI3ODRlNzRlMDFkNyZyZWdpX2lkPTc3Njc0OTUyMjAyMDAyMTFXA255dEIKACaqpUJeOLmy81IbdHJpc3RyYW1iYWxkd2luOTBAZ21haWwuY29tWAQAAAAA) [Shifting Collective Memory in Tulsa The African-American community is working to change the narrative of the 1921 massacre. by russell cobb](~/AAAAAQA~/RgRgJSqqP0TkaHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnl0aW1lcy5jb20vMjAyMC8wMi8xMS9vcGluaW9uL3R1bHNhLXJhY2UtbWFzc2FjcmUuaHRtbD90ZT0xJm5sPWRhdmlkLWxlb25oYXJkdCZlbWM9ZWRpdF90eV8yMDIwMDIxMSZjYW1wYWlnbl9pZD0zOSZpbnN0YW5jZV9pZD0xNTg5NSZzZWdtZW50X2lkPTIxMTYxJnVzZXJfaWQ9YWE0OTFlZjdmMWQ5NjRlNDk3OWZiNzg0ZTc0ZTAxZDcmcmVnaV9pZD03NzY3NDk1MjIwMjAwMjExVwNueXRCCgAmqqVCXji5svNSG3RyaXN0cmFtYmFsZHdpbjkwQGdtYWlsLmNvbVgEAAAAAA~~) [Article Thumbnail](~/AAAAAQA~/RgRgJSqqP0TkaHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnl0aW1lcy5jb20vMjAyMC8wMi8xMS9vcGluaW9uL3R1bHNhLXJhY2UtbWFzc2FjcmUuaHRtbD90ZT0xJm5sPWRhdmlkLWxlb25oYXJkdCZlbWM9ZWRpdF90eV8yMDIwMDIxMSZjYW1wYWlnbl9pZD0zOSZpbnN0YW5jZV9pZD0xNTg5NSZzZWdtZW50X2lkPTIxMTYxJnVzZXJfaWQ9YWE0OTFlZjdmMWQ5NjRlNDk3OWZiNzg0ZTc0ZTAxZDcmcmVnaV9pZD03NzY3NDk1MjIwMjAwMjExVwNueXRCCgAmqqVCXji5svNSG3RyaXN0cmFtYmFsZHdpbjkwQGdtYWlsLmNvbVgEAAAAAA~~) [letters As Democrats Try to Move On From the Caucus Chaos Readers continue the discussion about who has the best chance to defeat President Trump as New Hampshire holds its primary.](~/AAAAAQA~/RgRgJSqqP0TqaHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnl0aW1lcy5jb20vMjAyMC8wMi8xMC9vcGluaW9uL2xldHRlcnMvZGVtb2NyYXRzLXByaW1hcnkuaHRtbD90ZT0xJm5sPWRhdmlkLWxlb25oYXJkdCZlbWM9ZWRpdF90eV8yMDIwMDIxMSZjYW1wYWlnbl9pZD0zOSZpbnN0YW5jZV9pZD0xNTg5NSZzZWdtZW50X2lkPTIxMTYxJnVzZXJfaWQ9YWE0OTFlZjdmMWQ5NjRlNDk3OWZiNzg0ZTc0ZTAxZDcmcmVnaV9pZD03NzY3NDk1MjIwMjAwMjExVwNueXRCCgAmqqVCXji5svNSG3RyaXN0cmFtYmFsZHdpbjkwQGdtYWlsLmNvbVgEAAAAAA~~) [Article Thumbnail](~/AAAAAQA~/RgRgJSqqP0TqaHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnl0aW1lcy5jb20vMjAyMC8wMi8xMC9vcGluaW9uL2xldHRlcnMvZGVtb2NyYXRzLXByaW1hcnkuaHRtbD90ZT0xJm5sPWRhdmlkLWxlb25oYXJkdCZlbWM9ZWRpdF90eV8yMDIwMDIxMSZjYW1wYWlnbl9pZD0zOSZpbnN0YW5jZV9pZD0xNTg5NSZzZWdtZW50X2lkPTIxMTYxJnVzZXJfaWQ9YWE0OTFlZjdmMWQ5NjRlNDk3OWZiNzg0ZTc0ZTAxZDcmcmVnaV9pZD03NzY3NDk1MjIwMjAwMjExVwNueXRCCgAmqqVCXji5svNSG3RyaXN0cmFtYmFsZHdpbjkwQGdtYWlsLmNvbVgEAAAAAA~~) Feedback If you have thoughts about this newsletter, email me at [leonhardt@nytimes.com](mailto:leonhardt@nytimes.com?subject=David%20Leonhardt%20Newsletter%20Feedback). 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