Your Thursday Briefing

> ISIS, Germany, Twitter: Here’s what you need to know. ~/AAAAAQA~/RgRfnP4FP0R-aHR0cHM6Ly9saXZlaW50ZW50Lm5ld3lvcmt0aW1lc2luZm8uY29tL2NsaWNrP3M9MjIxNzcyJmxheW91dD1tYXJxdWVlJm09YWE0OTFlZjdmMWQ5NjRlNDk3OWZiNzg0ZTc0ZTAxZDcmcD1NQkVfMjAxOTEwMzEmbGk9TUJFVwNueXRCCgAoBXm6XUo9iHpSG3RyaXN0cmFtYmFsZHdpbjkwQGdtYWlsLmNvbVgEAAAAAA~~ [The New York Times](~/AAAAAQA~/RgRfnP4FP0S6aHR0cDovL3d3dy5ueXRpbWVzLmNvbS8_dGU9MSZubD1tb3JuaW5nLWJyaWVmaW5nJmVtYz1lZGl0X01CRV8yMDE5MTAzMT9jYW1wYWlnbl9pZD01MSZpbnN0YW5jZV9pZD0xMzQ5NSZzZWdtZW50X2lkPTE4Mzc5JnVzZXJfaWQ9YWE0OTFlZjdmMWQ5NjRlNDk3OWZiNzg0ZTc0ZTAxZDcmcmVnaV9pZD03NzY3NDk1MjIwMTkxMDMxVwNueXRCCgAoBXm6XUo9iHpSG3RyaXN0cmFtYmFsZHdpbjkwQGdtYWlsLmNvbVgEAAAAAA~~) [nytimes.com](~/AAAAAQA~/RgRfnP4FP0S6aHR0cDovL3d3dy5ueXRpbWVzLmNvbS8_dGU9MSZubD1tb3JuaW5nLWJyaWVmaW5nJmVtYz1lZGl0X01CRV8yMDE5MTAzMT9jYW1wYWlnbl9pZD01MSZpbnN0YW5jZV9pZD0xMzQ5NSZzZWdtZW50X2lkPTE4Mzc5JnVzZXJfaWQ9YWE0OTFlZjdmMWQ5NjRlNDk3OWZiNzg0ZTc0ZTAxZDcmcmVnaV9pZD03NzY3NDk1MjIwMTkxMDMxVwNueXRCCgAoBXm6XUo9iHpSG3RyaXN0cmFtYmFsZHdpbjkwQGdtYWlsLmNvbVgEAAAAAA~~) [The New York Times](~/AAAAAQA~/RgRfnP4FP0TnaHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnl0aW1lcy5jb20vMjAxOS8xMC8zMC9icmllZmluZy9pc2lzLWdlcm1hbnktdHdpdHRlci5odG1sP3RlPTEmbmw9bW9ybmluZy1icmllZmluZyZlbWM9ZWRpdF9ka18yMDE5MTAzMT9jYW1wYWlnbl9pZD01MSZpbnN0YW5jZV9pZD0xMzQ5NSZzZWdtZW50X2lkPTE4Mzc5JnVzZXJfaWQ9YWE0OTFlZjdmMWQ5NjRlNDk3OWZiNzg0ZTc0ZTAxZDcmcmVnaV9pZD03NzY3NDk1MjIwMTkxMDMxVwNueXRCCgAoBXm6XUo9iHpSG3RyaXN0cmFtYmFsZHdpbjkwQGdtYWlsLmNvbVgEAAAAAA~~) Thursday, Oct 31, 2019 | [View in browser](~/AAAAAQA~/RgRfnP4FP0ToaHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnl0aW1lcy5jb20vMjAxOS8xMC8zMC9icmllZmluZy9pc2lzLWdlcm1hbnktdHdpdHRlci5odG1sP3RlPTEmbmw9bW9ybmluZy1icmllZmluZyZlbWM9ZWRpdF9NQkVfMjAxOTEwMzE_Y2FtcGFpZ25faWQ9NTEmaW5zdGFuY2VfaWQ9MTM0OTUmc2VnbWVudF9pZD0xODM3OSZ1c2VyX2lkPWFhNDkxZWY3ZjFkOTY0ZTQ5NzlmYjc4NGU3NGUwMWQ3JnJlZ2lfaWQ9Nzc2NzQ5NTIyMDE5MTAzMVcDbnl0QgoAKAV5ul1KPYh6Uht0cmlzdHJhbWJhbGR3aW45MEBnbWFpbC5jb21YBAAAAAA~) Supported by Good morning. We’re covering who gave Abu Bakr al-Baghdadi shelter for months before his death, what Germany is doing to stop rising far-right extremism and why Twitter, unlike Facebook, is blocking political ads. By Melina Delkic People sifting through the rubble at the site of the raid in Idlib Province, Syria. Omar Haj Kadour/Agence France-Presse — Getty Images Baghdadi paid rival tens of thousands for protection The Islamic State leader Abu Bakr al-Baghdadi was able to hide out in the base of a rival group because [he had paid at least $67,000 in protection money to its members](~/AAAAAQA~/RgRfnP4FP4QJAWh0dHBzOi8vd3d3Lm55dGltZXMuY29tLzIwMTkvMTAvMzAvd29ybGQvbWlkZGxlZWFzdC9pc2lzLWxlYWRlci1hbC1iYWdoZGFkaS5odG1sP3RlPTEmbmw9bW9ybmluZy1icmllZmluZyZlbWM9ZWRpdF9NQkVfcF8yMDE5MTAzMSZzZWN0aW9uPXRvcE5ld3M_Y2FtcGFpZ25faWQ9NTEmaW5zdGFuY2VfaWQ9MTM0OTUmc2VnbWVudF9pZD0xODM3OSZ1c2VyX2lkPWFhNDkxZWY3ZjFkOTY0ZTQ5NzlmYjc4NGU3NGUwMWQ3JnJlZ2lfaWQ9Nzc2NzQ5NTJ0aW9uPXRvcE5ld3NXA255dEIKACgFebpdSj2IelIbdHJpc3RyYW1iYWxkd2luOTBAZ21haWwuY29tWAQAAAAA), according to receipts for the payments. The payments, uncovered by researchers after the raid in which he was killed, were made to members of Hurras al Din, an unofficial affiliate of Al Qaeda and an enemy of the Islamic State. While the rival group kept his secret, Mr. al-Baghdadi was ultimately betrayed by a close confidant, two American officials said, leading to his death in an American Special Forces raid last weekend. Other new details: During the raid, American forces recovered a number of laptops, cellphones and thumb drives from the compound, whose data could provide another window into the organization. And according to the Pentagon, six other people were killed in the compound, aside from Mr. al-Baghdadi and the two children he took with him when he detonated a suicide vest. The informant: The identity of the individual, recruited by the intelligence arm of the Kurdish-led militia allied with the United States in the fight against the Islamic State, has not been revealed because of safety concerns. But one person with knowledge of the events described the informant as someone who is “a very, very close, trusted confidant of Baghdadi’s.” Gunter Fritz at his gun shop in Ebersbach-Neugersdorf. Gordon Welters for The New York Times Germany tightens laws on guns and hate speech Amid a wave of extremist crimes in Germany, a series of proposals aim to [make it harder for people with extremist ties to obtain guns](~/AAAAAQA~/RgRfnP4FP4QKAWh0dHBzOi8vd3d3Lm55dGltZXMuY29tLzIwMTkvMTAvMzAvd29ybGQvZXVyb3BlL2dlcm1hbnktZ3VuLWhhdGUtc3BlZWNoLWxhd3MuaHRtbD90ZT0xJm5sPW1vcm5pbmctYnJpZWZpbmcmZW1jPWVkaXRfTUJFX3BfMjAxOTEwMzEmc2VjdGlvbj10b3BOZXdzP2NhbXBhaWduX2lkPTUxJmluc3RhbmNlX2lkPTEzNDk1JnNlZ21lbnRfaWQ9MTgzNzkmdXNlcl9pZD1hYTQ5MWVmN2YxZDk2NGU0OTc5ZmI3ODRlNzRlMDFkNyZyZWdpX2lkPTc3Njc0OTUydGlvbj10b3BOZXdzVwNueXRCCgAoBXm6XUo9iHpSG3RyaXN0cmFtYmFsZHdpbjkwQGdtYWlsLmNvbVgEAAAAAA~~). The legislation, advanced by Chancellor Angela Merkel’s government, would put in place background checks to look for those ties. And social media companies operating in Germany would be required to report suspicious posts, further toughening the country’s strict 2018 law against online hate speech. The proposals are expected to pass in Parliament, where Ms. Merkel’s government holds a majority. Context: In June, a conservative politician whose name had appeared on a neo-Nazi hit list online was [fatally shot in the head](~/AAAAAQA~/RgRfnP4FP4QXAWh0dHBzOi8vd3d3Lm55dGltZXMuY29tLzIwMTkvMDcvMDcvd29ybGQvZXVyb3BlL2dlcm1hbnktbXVyZGVyLWZhci1yaWdodC1uZW8tbmF6aS1sdWViY2tlLmh0bWw_dGU9MSZubD1tb3JuaW5nLWJyaWVmaW5nJmVtYz1lZGl0X01CRV9wXzIwMTkxMDMxJnNlY3Rpb249dG9wTmV3cz9jYW1wYWlnbl9pZD01MSZpbnN0YW5jZV9pZD0xMzQ5NSZzZWdtZW50X2lkPTE4Mzc5JnVzZXJfaWQ9YWE0OTFlZjdmMWQ5NjRlNDk3OWZiNzg0ZTc0ZTAxZDcmcmVnaV9pZD03NzY3NDk1MnRpb249dG9wTmV3c1cDbnl0QgoAKAV5ul1KPYh6Uht0cmlzdHJhbWJhbGR3aW45MEBnbWFpbC5jb21YBAAAAAA~). Three weeks ago, a right-wing gunman [killed two people near a synagogue](~/AAAAAQA~/RgRfnP4FP4QOAWh0dHBzOi8vd3d3Lm55dGltZXMuY29tLzIwMTkvMTAvMDkvd29ybGQvZXVyb3BlL2dlcm1hbnktc2hvb3RpbmctaGFsbGUtc3luYWdvZ3VlLmh0bWw_dGU9MSZubD1tb3JuaW5nLWJyaWVmaW5nJmVtYz1lZGl0X01CRV9wXzIwMTkxMDMxJnNlY3Rpb249dG9wTmV3cz9jYW1wYWlnbl9pZD01MSZpbnN0YW5jZV9pZD0xMzQ5NSZzZWdtZW50X2lkPTE4Mzc5JnVzZXJfaWQ9YWE0OTFlZjdmMWQ5NjRlNDk3OWZiNzg0ZTc0ZTAxZDcmcmVnaV9pZD03NzY3NDk1MnRpb249dG9wTmV3c1cDbnl0QgoAKAV5ul1KPYh6Uht0cmlzdHJhbWJhbGR3aW45MEBnbWFpbC5jb21YBAAAAAA~) on Yom Kippur. Another angle: Critics charge the proposals do not go far enough to prevent people from turning extremist in the first place, despite Germany’s pledge of 115 million euros annually through 2023 for projects promoting democracy. The New York Times A new Syria takes shape The U.S. military withdrawal and Turkey’s subsequent incursion into northeastern Syria have reordered the country, helping four American adversaries in particular: ■ President Bashar al-Assad of Syria, who has expanded his control. ■ Iran, which could gain a supply route to Hezbollah, its proxy in Lebanon. ■ Russia, which has cemented its foothold in Syria. ■ The Islamic State, which has an opening to regroup. [Our animated map shows the changing state of play](~/AAAAAQA~/RgRfnP4FP4QPAWh0dHBzOi8vd3d3Lm55dGltZXMuY29tL2ludGVyYWN0aXZlLzIwMTkvMTAvMzAvd29ybGQvbWlkZGxlZWFzdC9zeXJpYS10dXJrZXktbWFwcy5odG1sP3RlPTEmbmw9bW9ybmluZy1icmllZmluZyZlbWM9ZWRpdF9NQkVfcF8yMDE5MTAzMSZzZWN0aW9uPXRvcE5ld3M_Y2FtcGFpZ25faWQ9NTEmaW5zdGFuY2VfaWQ9MTM0OTUmc2VnbWVudF9pZD0xODM3OSZ1c2VyX2lkPWFhNDkxZWY3ZjFkOTY0ZTQ5NzlmYjc4NGU3NGUwMWQ3JnJlZ2lfaWQ9Nzc2NzQ5NTJ0aW9uPXRvcE5ld3NXA255dEIKACgFebpdSj2IelIbdHJpc3RyYW1iYWxkd2luOTBAZ21haWwuY29tWAQAAAAA). Related: The past three weeks [have also reshaped diplomatic efforts](~/AAAAAQA~/RgRfnP4FP4QDAWh0dHBzOi8vd3d3Lm55dGltZXMuY29tLzIwMTkvMTAvMjgvd29ybGQvbWlkZGxlZWFzdC9zeXJpYS1wZWFjZS10YWxrcy5odG1sP3RlPTEmbmw9bW9ybmluZy1icmllZmluZyZlbWM9ZWRpdF9NQkVfcF8yMDE5MTAzMSZzZWN0aW9uPXRvcE5ld3M_Y2FtcGFpZ25faWQ9NTEmaW5zdGFuY2VfaWQ9MTM0OTUmc2VnbWVudF9pZD0xODM3OSZ1c2VyX2lkPWFhNDkxZWY3ZjFkOTY0ZTQ5NzlmYjc4NGU3NGUwMWQ3JnJlZ2lfaWQ9Nzc2NzQ5NTJ0aW9uPXRvcE5ld3NXA255dEIKACgFebpdSj2IelIbdHJpc3RyYW1iYWxkd2luOTBAZ21haWwuY29tWAQAAAAA) to end Syria’s eight-year civil war. New peace talks led by the United Nations are to start on Thursday in Geneva. Protesters marched in front of the presidential palace, La Moneda, in Santiago, Chile, on Wednesday. Pedro Ugarte/Agence France-Presse — Getty Images Chile cancels climate summit amid unrest President Sebastián Piñera of Chile said his country, which has been rocked by a wave of recent protests, [would back out of hosting two important international events](~/AAAAAQA~/RgRfnP4FP4QAAWh0dHBzOi8vd3d3Lm55dGltZXMuY29tLzIwMTkvMTAvMzAvd29ybGQvYW1lcmljYXMvY2hpbGUtY29wMjUtYXBlYy5odG1sP3RlPTEmbmw9bW9ybmluZy1icmllZmluZyZlbWM9ZWRpdF9NQkVfcF8yMDE5MTAzMSZzZWN0aW9uPXRvcE5ld3M_Y2FtcGFpZ25faWQ9NTEmaW5zdGFuY2VfaWQ9MTM0OTUmc2VnbWVudF9pZD0xODM3OSZ1c2VyX2lkPWFhNDkxZWY3ZjFkOTY0ZTQ5NzlmYjc4NGU3NGUwMWQ3JnJlZ2lfaWQ9Nzc2NzQ5NTJ0aW9uPXRvcE5ld3NXA255dEIKACgFebpdSj2IelIbdHJpc3RyYW1iYWxkd2luOTBAZ21haWwuY29tWAQAAAAA) later this year: a U.N. climate change meeting and a major Asia-Pacific trade summit. The trade summit was where President Xi Jinping of China and President Trump were expected to sign a long-awaited preliminary trade deal. Chile’s cancellation also left the U.N. scrambling to organize the next round of climate negotiations, which were planned for December with some 20,000 delegates. The U.N. climate change agency said it was weighing whether to hold it elsewhere or postpone. On the ground: The turmoil in Chile, which began Oct. 18 with protests over a modest increase in the Santiago subway fare, has spiraled into violent clashes between security forces and demonstrators, with some involved in looting and arson. The situation [had stabilized somewhat](~/AAAAAQA~/RgRfnP4FP4QNAWh0dHBzOi8vd3d3Lm55dGltZXMuY29tL2Fwb25saW5lLzIwMTkvMTAvMzAvd29ybGQvYW1lcmljYXMvYXAtbHQtY2hpbGUtcHJvdGVzdHMuaHRtbD90ZT0xJm5sPW1vcm5pbmctYnJpZWZpbmcmZW1jPWVkaXRfTUJFX3BfMjAxOTEwMzEmc2VjdGlvbj10b3BOZXdzP2NhbXBhaWduX2lkPTUxJmluc3RhbmNlX2lkPTEzNDk1JnNlZ21lbnRfaWQ9MTgzNzkmdXNlcl9pZD1hYTQ5MWVmN2YxZDk2NGU0OTc5ZmI3ODRlNzRlMDFkNyZyZWdpX2lkPTc3Njc0OTUydGlvbj10b3BOZXdzVwNueXRCCgAoBXm6XUo9iHpSG3RyaXN0cmFtYmFsZHdpbjkwQGdtYWlsLmNvbVgEAAAAAA~~) by Wednesday, with a few hundred protesters still in the streets. If you have 8 minutes, this is worth it Vietnam’s misery leads to deaths in Britain Nguyen Dinh Luong left Vietnam to help support his seven siblings, some of whom are seen in this picture in his bedroom. Minzayar Oo for The New York Times As investigators work to identify the bodies of 39 people found dead in a truck near London last week, a number of families in Vietnam say they believe their relatives may be among the victims. A Times correspondent visited one Vietnamese village where economic desperation has led many to [human smugglers offering a risky chance at a better life outside](~/AAAAAQA~/RgRfnP4FP0T_aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnl0aW1lcy5jb20vMjAxOS8xMC8zMC93b3JsZC9hc2lhL2Vzc2V4LWxvcnJ5LWRlYXRocy5odG1sP3RlPTEmbmw9bW9ybmluZy1icmllZmluZyZlbWM9ZWRpdF9NQkVfcF8yMDE5MTAzMSZzZWN0aW9uPWxvbmdSZWFkP2NhbXBhaWduX2lkPTUxJmluc3RhbmNlX2lkPTEzNDk1JnNlZ21lbnRfaWQ9MTgzNzkmdXNlcl9pZD1hYTQ5MWVmN2YxZDk2NGU0OTc5ZmI3ODRlNzRlMDFkNyZyZWdpX2lkPTc3Njc0OTUyaW9uPWxvbmdSZWFkVwNueXRCCgAoBXm6XUo9iHpSG3RyaXN0cmFtYmFsZHdpbjkwQGdtYWlsLmNvbVgEAAAAAA~~) of a region that has been stricken by poverty and environmental disaster. “We have a saying,” said a local priest. “‘If an electrical pole had legs, it would go too.’” PAID POST: A MESSAGE FROM CAMPAIGN MONITOR TEST: Email Marketing 101: Never Sacrifice Beauty for Simplicity A drag-and-drop email builder, a gallery of templates and turnkey designs, personalized customer journeys, and engagement segments. It's everything you need to create stunning, results-driven email campaigns in minutes. And with Campaign Monitor, you have access to it all, along with award-winning support around the clock. It's beautiful email marketing done simply. [Learn More](~/AAAAAQA~/RgRfnP4FP4Q0AWh0dHBzOi8vd3d3LmNhbXBhaWdubW9uaXRvci5jb20vZW1haWwtbWFya2V0aW5nLXNvZnR3YXJlLz91dG1fbWVkaXVtPWRpc3BsYXkmdXRtX3NvdXJjZT1ueXQmdXRtX2NhbXBhaWduPTA0MDIxOSZ1dG1fY29udGVudD1uYXRpdmU_Y2FtcGFpZ25faWQ9NTEmaW5zdGFuY2VfaWQ9MTM0OTUmc2VnbWVudF9pZD0xODM3OSZ1c2VyX2lkPWFhNDkxZWY3ZjFkOTY0ZTQ5NzlmYjc4NGU3NGUwMWQ3JnJlZ2lfaWQ9Nzc2NzQ5NTImbmw9bW9ybmluZy1icmllZmluZzotZXVyb3BlLWVkaXRpb24mZW1jPWVkaXRfbWJlXzIwMTkxMDMxbnRlbnQ9bmF0aXZlVwNueXRCCgAoBXm6XUo9iHpSG3RyaXN0cmFtYmFsZHdpbjkwQGdtYWlsLmNvbVgEAAAAAA~~) Here’s what else is happening Grenfell Tower: Firefighters and survivors of the fire that killed 72 people in 2017 reacted angrily on Wednesday to an official inquiry into the disaster, criticizing it for focusing first on the shortcomings of the emergency services’ response to the blaze, [not on the dangerous conditions that fed it](~/AAAAAQA~/RgRfnP4FP0T9aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnl0aW1lcy5jb20vMjAxOS8xMC8zMC93b3JsZC9ldXJvcGUvZ3JlbmZlbGwtdG93ZXIuaHRtbD90ZT0xJm5sPW1vcm5pbmctYnJpZWZpbmcmZW1jPWVkaXRfTUJFX3BfMjAxOTEwMzEmc2VjdGlvbj13aGF0RWxzZT9jYW1wYWlnbl9pZD01MSZpbnN0YW5jZV9pZD0xMzQ5NSZzZWdtZW50X2lkPTE4Mzc5JnVzZXJfaWQ9YWE0OTFlZjdmMWQ5NjRlNDk3OWZiNzg0ZTc0ZTAxZDcmcmVnaV9pZD03NzY3NDk1Mmlvbj13aGF0RWxzZVcDbnl0QgoAKAV5ul1KPYh6Uht0cmlzdHJhbWJhbGR3aW45MEBnbWFpbC5jb21YBAAAAAA~). Phase two of the inquiry will focus on the “why.” Twitter: Jack Dorsey, the social media service’s chief executive, said the company would ban political ads on its platform, in a stark contrast to rival Facebook, which has faced blowback for taking a hands-off approach to political advertising. He said online political ads [presented challenges to civic discourse](~/AAAAAQA~/RgRfnP4FP4QGAWh0dHBzOi8vd3d3Lm55dGltZXMuY29tLzIwMTkvMTAvMzAvdGVjaG5vbG9neS90d2l0dGVyLXBvbGl0aWNhbC1hZHMtYmFuLmh0bWw_dGU9MSZubD1tb3JuaW5nLWJyaWVmaW5nJmVtYz1lZGl0X01CRV9wXzIwMTkxMDMxJnNlY3Rpb249d2hhdEVsc2U_Y2FtcGFpZ25faWQ9NTEmaW5zdGFuY2VfaWQ9MTM0OTUmc2VnbWVudF9pZD0xODM3OSZ1c2VyX2lkPWFhNDkxZWY3ZjFkOTY0ZTQ5NzlmYjc4NGU3NGUwMWQ3JnJlZ2lfaWQ9Nzc2NzQ5NTJpb249d2hhdEVsc2VXA255dEIKACgFebpdSj2IelIbdHJpc3RyYW1iYWxkd2luOTBAZ21haWwuY29tWAQAAAAA) online. Jeffrey Epstein: A forensic pathologist hired by Mr. Epstein’s brother disputed the official finding in the autopsy of his death in a New York City jail cell, claiming it “pointed to homicide.” The local medical examiner’s office [strongly disputed that claim](~/AAAAAQA~/RgRfnP4FP4QZAWh0dHBzOi8vd3d3Lm55dGltZXMuY29tLzIwMTkvMTAvMzAvbnlyZWdpb24vamVmZnJleS1lcHN0ZWluLWhvbWljaWRlLWF1dG9wc3ktbWljaGFlbC1iYWRlbi5odG1sP3RlPTEmbmw9bW9ybmluZy1icmllZmluZyZlbWM9ZWRpdF9NQkVfcF8yMDE5MTAzMSZzZWN0aW9uPXdoYXRFbHNlP2NhbXBhaWduX2lkPTUxJmluc3RhbmNlX2lkPTEzNDk1JnNlZ21lbnRfaWQ9MTgzNzkmdXNlcl9pZD1hYTQ5MWVmN2YxZDk2NGU0OTc5ZmI3ODRlNzRlMDFkNyZyZWdpX2lkPTc3Njc0OTUyaW9uPXdoYXRFbHNlVwNueXRCCgAoBXm6XUo9iHpSG3RyaXN0cmFtYmFsZHdpbjkwQGdtYWlsLmNvbVgEAAAAAA~~). Turkey: President Recep Tayyip Erdogan’s dismissive response to the U.S. House’s recognition of the Armenian genocide — saying American lawmakers had “no right to give lessons to Turkey” — [showed just how low ties with the U.S. had sunk](~/AAAAAQA~/RgRfnP4FP4QHAWh0dHBzOi8vd3d3Lm55dGltZXMuY29tLzIwMTkvMTAvMzAvd29ybGQvZXVyb3BlL2VyZG9nYW4tYXJtZW5pYS1nZW5vY2lkZS5odG1sP3RlPTEmbmw9bW9ybmluZy1icmllZmluZyZlbWM9ZWRpdF9NQkVfcF8yMDE5MTAzMSZzZWN0aW9uPXdoYXRFbHNlP2NhbXBhaWduX2lkPTUxJmluc3RhbmNlX2lkPTEzNDk1JnNlZ21lbnRfaWQ9MTgzNzkmdXNlcl9pZD1hYTQ5MWVmN2YxZDk2NGU0OTc5ZmI3ODRlNzRlMDFkNyZyZWdpX2lkPTc3Njc0OTUyaW9uPXdoYXRFbHNlVwNueXRCCgAoBXm6XUo9iHpSG3RyaXN0cmFtYmFsZHdpbjkwQGdtYWlsLmNvbVgEAAAAAA~~) in recent weeks. London Borough of Lambeth, Archives Department Snapshot: Above, Olive Morris, an [activist for black women’s rights in Britain](~/AAAAAQA~/RgRfnP4FP4QEAWh0dHBzOi8vd3d3Lm55dGltZXMuY29tLzIwMTkvMTAvMzAvb2JpdHVhcmllcy9vbGl2ZS1tb3JyaXMtb3Zlcmxvb2tlZC5odG1sP3RlPTEmbmw9bW9ybmluZy1icmllZmluZyZlbWM9ZWRpdF9NQkVfcF8yMDE5MTAzMSZzZWN0aW9uPXdoYXRFbHNlP2NhbXBhaWduX2lkPTUxJmluc3RhbmNlX2lkPTEzNDk1JnNlZ21lbnRfaWQ9MTgzNzkmdXNlcl9pZD1hYTQ5MWVmN2YxZDk2NGU0OTc5ZmI3ODRlNzRlMDFkNyZyZWdpX2lkPTc3Njc0OTUyaW9uPXdoYXRFbHNlVwNueXRCCgAoBXm6XUo9iHpSG3RyaXN0cmFtYmFsZHdpbjkwQGdtYWlsLmNvbVgEAAAAAA~~) in the 1970s. Her obituary is part of our Overlooked project, which looks back at remarkable people whose deaths did not receive Times coverage. “She never regarded herself as a leader, but in fact she took the lead,” her partner, Mike McColgan, said in a phone interview. What we’re listening to: [The new podcast “Dolly Parton’s America,”](~/AAAAAQA~/RgRfnP4FP0T3aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnByLm9yZy9wb2RjYXN0cy83NjUwMjQ5MTMvZG9sbHktcGFydG9uLXMtYW1lcmljYT90ZT0xJm5sPW1vcm5pbmctYnJpZWZpbmcmZW1jPWVkaXRfTUJFX3BfMjAxOTEwMzEmc2VjdGlvbj13aGF0RWxzZT9jYW1wYWlnbl9pZD01MSZpbnN0YW5jZV9pZD0xMzQ5NSZzZWdtZW50X2lkPTE4Mzc5JnVzZXJfaWQ9YWE0OTFlZjdmMWQ5NjRlNDk3OWZiNzg0ZTc0ZTAxZDcmcmVnaV9pZD03NzY3NDk1Mmlvbj13aGF0RWxzZVcDbnl0QgoAKAV5ul1KPYh6Uht0cmlzdHJhbWJhbGR3aW45MEBnbWFpbC5jb21YBAAAAAA~) from WNYC Studios. “I’ve only listened to the first episode,” Dan Saltzstein, senior editor for special projects, writes, “but it’s already grabbed me in a deep way. Dolly is a national treasure, and also a brilliant prism through which to see where we are as a country and where we’ve been.” ADVERTISEMENT ~/AAAAAQA~/RgRfnP4FP0RvaHR0cHM6Ly9saXZlaW50ZW50Lm5ld3lvcmt0aW1lc2luZm8uY29tL2NsaWNrP3M9MjIxNzY5JmxpPU1CRSZtPWFhNDkxZWY3ZjFkOTY0ZTQ5NzlmYjc4NGU3NGUwMWQ3JnA9TUJFXzIwMTkxMDMxVwNueXRCCgAoBXm6XUo9iHpSG3RyaXN0cmFtYmFsZHdpbjkwQGdtYWlsLmNvbVgEAAAAAA~~ ~/AAAAAQA~/RgRfnP4FP0RvaHR0cHM6Ly9saXZlaW50ZW50Lm5ld3lvcmt0aW1lc2luZm8uY29tL2NsaWNrP3M9NDIxODk2JmxpPU1CRSZtPWFhNDkxZWY3ZjFkOTY0ZTQ5NzlmYjc4NGU3NGUwMWQ3JnA9TUJFXzIwMTkxMDMxVwNueXRCCgAoBXm6XUo9iHpSG3RyaXN0cmFtYmFsZHdpbjkwQGdtYWlsLmNvbVgEAAAAAA~~ ~/AAAAAQA~/RgRfnP4FP0RvaHR0cHM6Ly9saXZlaW50ZW50Lm5ld3lvcmt0aW1lc2luZm8uY29tL2NsaWNrP3M9NTUyOTY2JmxpPU1CRSZtPWFhNDkxZWY3ZjFkOTY0ZTQ5NzlmYjc4NGU3NGUwMWQ3JnA9TUJFXzIwMTkxMDMxVwNueXRCCgAoBXm6XUo9iHpSG3RyaXN0cmFtYmFsZHdpbjkwQGdtYWlsLmNvbVgEAAAAAA~~ Now, a break from the news Michael Graydon & Nikole Herriott for The New York Times. Prop Stylist: Paige Hicks. Cook: These [crispy lamb meatballs with chickpeas and eggplant](~/AAAAAQA~/RgRfnP4FP4QVAWh0dHBzOi8vY29va2luZy5ueXRpbWVzLmNvbS9yZWNpcGVzLzEwMjA1MzctY3Jpc3B5LWxhbWItbWVhdGJhbGxzLXdpdGgtY2hpY2twZWFzLWFuZC1lZ2dwbGFudD90ZT0xJm5sPW1vcm5pbmctYnJpZWZpbmcmZW1jPWVkaXRfTUJFX3BfMjAxOTEwMzEmc2VjdGlvbj1hQnJlYWs_Y2FtcGFpZ25faWQ9NTEmaW5zdGFuY2VfaWQ9MTM0OTUmc2VnbWVudF9pZD0xODM3OSZ1c2VyX2lkPWFhNDkxZWY3ZjFkOTY0ZTQ5NzlmYjc4NGU3NGUwMWQ3JnJlZ2lfaWQ9Nzc2NzQ5NTJjdGlvbj1hQnJlYWtXA255dEIKACgFebpdSj2IelIbdHJpc3RyYW1iYWxkd2luOTBAZ21haWwuY29tWAQAAAAA) require just one skillet. Watch: In its final season, “[Silicon Valley](~/AAAAAQA~/RgRfnP4FP4QHAWh0dHBzOi8vd3d3Lm55dGltZXMuY29tLzIwMTkvMTAvMjcvYXJ0cy90ZWxldmlzaW9uL3NpbGljb24tdmFsbGV5LXNlYXNvbi02Lmh0bWw_dGU9MSZubD1tb3JuaW5nLWJyaWVmaW5nJmVtYz1lZGl0X01CRV9wXzIwMTkxMDMxJnNlY3Rpb249YUJyZWFrP2NhbXBhaWduX2lkPTUxJmluc3RhbmNlX2lkPTEzNDk1JnNlZ21lbnRfaWQ9MTgzNzkmdXNlcl9pZD1hYTQ5MWVmN2YxZDk2NGU0OTc5ZmI3ODRlNzRlMDFkNyZyZWdpX2lkPTc3Njc0OTUyY3Rpb249YUJyZWFrVwNueXRCCgAoBXm6XUo9iHpSG3RyaXN0cmFtYmFsZHdpbjkwQGdtYWlsLmNvbVgEAAAAAA~~)” asks the big questions: Can good coexist with greed? Does money ruin everything — and how much does that matter, if we’re talking billions? Listen: The soprano [Julia Bullock](~/AAAAAQA~/RgRfnP4FP4QSAWh0dHBzOi8vd3d3Lm55dGltZXMuY29tLzIwMTkvMTAvMjUvYXJ0cy9tdXNpYy9qdWxpYS1idWxsb2NrLXphdWJlcmxhbmQtbGluY29sbi1jZW50ZXIuaHRtbD90ZT0xJm5sPW1vcm5pbmctYnJpZWZpbmcmZW1jPWVkaXRfTUJFX3BfMjAxOTEwMzEmc2VjdGlvbj1hQnJlYWs_Y2FtcGFpZ25faWQ9NTEmaW5zdGFuY2VfaWQ9MTM0OTUmc2VnbWVudF9pZD0xODM3OSZ1c2VyX2lkPWFhNDkxZWY3ZjFkOTY0ZTQ5NzlmYjc4NGU3NGUwMWQ3JnJlZ2lfaWQ9Nzc2NzQ5NTJjdGlvbj1hQnJlYWtXA255dEIKACgFebpdSj2IelIbdHJpc3RyYW1iYWxkd2luOTBAZ21haWwuY29tWAQAAAAA), who brought “Zauberland” to Lincoln Center this month, is “moving the whole art form into a new relevance,” the director Peter Sellars says. Smarter Living: [Wedding thank-you notes](~/AAAAAQA~/RgRfnP4FP4QRAWh0dHBzOi8vd3d3Lm55dGltZXMuY29tLzIwMTkvMTAvMjkvZmFzaGlvbi93ZWRkaW5ncy9kb3MtYW5kLWRvbnRzLW9mLXRoYW5rLXlvdS1ub3Rlcy5odG1sP3RlPTEmbmw9bW9ybmluZy1icmllZmluZyZlbWM9ZWRpdF9NQkVfcF8yMDE5MTAzMSZzZWN0aW9uPWFCcmVhaz9jYW1wYWlnbl9pZD01MSZpbnN0YW5jZV9pZD0xMzQ5NSZzZWdtZW50X2lkPTE4Mzc5JnVzZXJfaWQ9YWE0OTFlZjdmMWQ5NjRlNDk3OWZiNzg0ZTc0ZTAxZDcmcmVnaV9pZD03NzY3NDk1MmN0aW9uPWFCcmVha1cDbnl0QgoAKAV5ul1KPYh6Uht0cmlzdHJhbWJhbGR3aW45MEBnbWFpbC5jb21YBAAAAAA~) need not be a chore. Just think of them as a chance to relive your special day. Etiquette experts suggest that spouses share the writing, and complete them within two months of the wedding. But you don’t have to wait to start — writing notes when gifts arrive before the wedding captures more of your real gratitude and spreads the work out. Plus: New research suggests that walking a few more steps during the day [may improve your sleep](~/AAAAAQA~/RgRfnP4FP4QMAWh0dHBzOi8vd3d3Lm55dGltZXMuY29tLzIwMTkvMTAvMzAvd2VsbC9tb3ZlL2hvdy13YWxraW5nLW1pZ2h0LWFmZmVjdC1vdXItc2xlZXAuaHRtbD90ZT0xJm5sPW1vcm5pbmctYnJpZWZpbmcmZW1jPWVkaXRfTUJFX3BfMjAxOTEwMzEmc2VjdGlvbj1hQnJlYWs_Y2FtcGFpZ25faWQ9NTEmaW5zdGFuY2VfaWQ9MTM0OTUmc2VnbWVudF9pZD0xODM3OSZ1c2VyX2lkPWFhNDkxZWY3ZjFkOTY0ZTQ5NzlmYjc4NGU3NGUwMWQ3JnJlZ2lfaWQ9Nzc2NzQ5NTJjdGlvbj1hQnJlYWtXA255dEIKACgFebpdSj2IelIbdHJpc3RyYW1iYWxkd2luOTBAZ21haWwuY29tWAQAAAAA). And now for the Back Story on … Pearls of great (and lesser) price For more than 3,000 years, archaeologists believed, Arab treasuries were filled with profits from pearls from the rich oyster beds of the Persian Gulf. Cleopatra of Egypt, vying with the Roman Mark Antony over who could provide the most expensive dinner in history, is said to have [dissolved a nearly priceless pearl in vinegar and drank it](~/AAAAAQA~/RgRfnP4FP4QJAWh0dHA6Ly9wZW5lbG9wZS51Y2hpY2Fnby5lZHUvVGhheWVyL0UvSm91cm5hbHMvQ0ovNTIvNS9DbGVvcGF0cmFzX1BlYXJscyouaHRtbD90ZT0xJm5sPW1vcm5pbmctYnJpZWZpbmcmZW1jPWVkaXRfTUJFX3BfMjAxOTEwMzEmc2VjdGlvbj1iYWNrU3Rvcnk_Y2FtcGFpZ25faWQ9NTEmaW5zdGFuY2VfaWQ9MTM0OTUmc2VnbWVudF9pZD0xODM3OSZ1c2VyX2lkPWFhNDkxZWY3ZjFkOTY0ZTQ5NzlmYjc4NGU3NGUwMWQ3JnJlZ2lfaWQ9Nzc2NzQ5NTJvbj1iYWNrU3RvcnlXA255dEIKACgFebpdSj2IelIbdHJpc3RyYW1iYWxkd2luOTBAZ21haWwuY29tWAQAAAAA). But now we know Gulf pearl-diving goes back even further. A pearl uncovered near Abu Dhabi in 2017 was [carbon-dated back 8,000 years](~/AAAAAQA~/RgRfnP4FP4QJAWh0dHBzOi8vd3d3LmNubi5jb20vc3R5bGUvYXJ0aWNsZS93b3JsZHMtb2xkZXN0LXBlYXJsLWludGwtaG5rLXNjbGkvaW5kZXguaHRtbD90ZT0xJm5sPW1vcm5pbmctYnJpZWZpbmcmZW1jPWVkaXRfTUJFX3BfMjAxOTEwMzEmc2VjdGlvbj1iYWNrU3Rvcnk_Y2FtcGFpZ25faWQ9NTEmaW5zdGFuY2VfaWQ9MTM0OTUmc2VnbWVudF9pZD0xODM3OSZ1c2VyX2lkPWFhNDkxZWY3ZjFkOTY0ZTQ5NzlmYjc4NGU3NGUwMWQ3JnJlZ2lfaWQ9Nzc2NzQ5NTJvbj1iYWNrU3RvcnlXA255dEIKACgFebpdSj2IelIbdHJpc3RyYW1iYWxkd2luOTBAZ21haWwuY29tWAQAAAAA). The faintly pink pearl, now the oldest known, is being shown in an exhibition that opened this week at the Louvre Abu Dhabi. An 8,000-year-old pearl, unearthed off the coast of Abu Dhabi in 2017. Abu Dhabi Department of Culture, via Agence France-Presse — Getty Images By the 1800s, the small supply of pearls, large demand and astronomical prices led to a search for ways to easily cultivate them in live oysters. [Today’s cultured-pearl formulas were patented by three Japanese men](~/AAAAAQA~/RgRfnP4FP4QEAWh0dHBzOi8vd3d3LnB1cmVwZWFybHMuY29tL3BhZ2VzL3BlYXJsLW9yaWdpbnMtaGlzdG9yeS1vZi1jdWx0dXJlZC1wZWFybHM_dGU9MSZubD1tb3JuaW5nLWJyaWVmaW5nJmVtYz1lZGl0X01CRV9wXzIwMTkxMDMxJnNlY3Rpb249YmFja1N0b3J5P2NhbXBhaWduX2lkPTUxJmluc3RhbmNlX2lkPTEzNDk1JnNlZ21lbnRfaWQ9MTgzNzkmdXNlcl9pZD1hYTQ5MWVmN2YxZDk2NGU0OTc5ZmI3ODRlNzRlMDFkNyZyZWdpX2lkPTc3Njc0OTUyb249YmFja1N0b3J5VwNueXRCCgAoBXm6XUo9iHpSG3RyaXN0cmFtYmFsZHdpbjkwQGdtYWlsLmNvbVgEAAAAAA~~) around 1900. These new pearls hit the market in the 1920s, shrinking prices — and decimating the market for natural ones from the Gulf. Don’t cry for the Arab treasuries, though. The 1920s was coincidentally about the time they started profiting from their oil riches. That’s it for this briefing. See you next time. — Melina Thank you To Mark Josephson and Eleanor Stanford for the break from the news. Victoria Shannon, on the briefings team, wrote today’s Back Story. You can reach the team at [briefing@nytimes.com](mailto:briefing+midnight@nytimes.com?subject=Briefing%20Feedback&te=1&nl=morning-briefing&emc=edit_MBE_p_20191031§ion=endNote;section=endNote). P.S. • We’re listening to “[The Daily](~/AAAAAQA~/RgRfnP4FP0TZaHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnl0aW1lcy5jb20vdGhlZGFpbHk_dGU9MSZubD1tb3JuaW5nLWJyaWVmaW5nJmVtYz1lZGl0X01CRV9wXzIwMTkxMDMxJnNlY3Rpb249ZW5kTm90ZT9jYW1wYWlnbl9pZD01MSZpbnN0YW5jZV9pZD0xMzQ5NSZzZWdtZW50X2lkPTE4Mzc5JnVzZXJfaWQ9YWE0OTFlZjdmMWQ5NjRlNDk3OWZiNzg0ZTc0ZTAxZDcmcmVnaV9pZD03NzY3NDk1MnRpb249ZW5kTm90ZVcDbnl0QgoAKAV5ul1KPYh6Uht0cmlzdHJhbWJhbGR3aW45MEBnbWFpbC5jb21YBAAAAAA~).” Our latest episode is the second of a two-part series about vaping. • Here’s today’s [Mini Crossword puzzle](~/AAAAAQA~/RgRfnP4FP0TlaHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnl0aW1lcy5jb20vY3Jvc3N3b3Jkcy9nYW1lL21pbmk_dGU9MSZubD1tb3JuaW5nLWJyaWVmaW5nJmVtYz1lZGl0X01CRV9wXzIwMTkxMDMxJnNlY3Rpb249ZW5kTm90ZT9jYW1wYWlnbl9pZD01MSZpbnN0YW5jZV9pZD0xMzQ5NSZzZWdtZW50X2lkPTE4Mzc5JnVzZXJfaWQ9YWE0OTFlZjdmMWQ5NjRlNDk3OWZiNzg0ZTc0ZTAxZDcmcmVnaV9pZD03NzY3NDk1MnRpb249ZW5kTm90ZVcDbnl0QgoAKAV5ul1KPYh6Uht0cmlzdHJhbWJhbGR3aW45MEBnbWFpbC5jb21YBAAAAAA~), and a clue: Chocolate substitute (five letters). [You can find all our puzzles here](~/AAAAAQA~/RgRfnP4FP0TbaHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnl0aW1lcy5jb20vY3Jvc3N3b3Jkcz90ZT0xJm5sPW1vcm5pbmctYnJpZWZpbmcmZW1jPWVkaXRfTUJFX3BfMjAxOTEwMzEmc2VjdGlvbj1lbmROb3RlP2NhbXBhaWduX2lkPTUxJmluc3RhbmNlX2lkPTEzNDk1JnNlZ21lbnRfaWQ9MTgzNzkmdXNlcl9pZD1hYTQ5MWVmN2YxZDk2NGU0OTc5ZmI3ODRlNzRlMDFkNyZyZWdpX2lkPTc3Njc0OTUydGlvbj1lbmROb3RlVwNueXRCCgAoBXm6XUo9iHpSG3RyaXN0cmFtYmFsZHdpbjkwQGdtYWlsLmNvbVgEAAAAAA~~). • Karen Crouse, who started her 14-year career at The Times covering the New York Jets, has been named [our next international sports correspondent](~/AAAAAQA~/RgRfnP4FP4QLAWh0dHBzOi8vd3d3Lm55dGNvLmNvbS9wcmVzcy9rYXJlbi1jcm91c2UtbmFtZWQtaW50ZXJuYXRpb25hbC1zcG9ydHMtY29ycmVzcG9uZGVudC8_dGU9MSZubD1tb3JuaW5nLWJyaWVmaW5nJmVtYz1lZGl0X01CRV9wXzIwMTkxMDMxJnNlY3Rpb249ZW5kTm90ZT9jYW1wYWlnbl9pZD01MSZpbnN0YW5jZV9pZD0xMzQ5NSZzZWdtZW50X2lkPTE4Mzc5JnVzZXJfaWQ9YWE0OTFlZjdmMWQ5NjRlNDk3OWZiNzg0ZTc0ZTAxZDcmcmVnaV9pZD03NzY3NDk1MnRpb249ZW5kTm90ZVcDbnl0QgoAKAV5ul1KPYh6Uht0cmlzdHJhbWJhbGR3aW45MEBnbWFpbC5jb21YBAAAAAA~). 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