🔐 Retirees Face “Income Destruction” 🔎

Certain stocks and cryptocurrencies could drop by 80%.   [New Trading View Logo]( [New Trading View Logo]( [“The successful warrior is the average man, with laser-like focus.” — Bruce Lee]( A special message from the Editor of New Trading View: We are often approached by other businesses with special offers for our readers. While many don’t make the cut, the message below is one we believe deserves your consideration. Dear fellow investor, On February 14, 2023, the U.S. Government is going to make an announcement that could radically alter your retirement. Certain stocks and cryptocurrencies could drop by 80%. Bonds and funds could drop even further. Even your social security check could be worth 21% less. In other words, many investments you rely upon - and have planned your retirement on - will no longer be safe. The world's biggest investors have already begun to prepare for this event. Billionaire Seth Klarman recently sold 19 stocks in anticipation. Billionaire David Tepper recently sold 28 stocks in anticipation. Billionaire George Soros recently sold 56 stocks in anticipation. [𝐇𝐞𝐫𝐞'𝐬 𝐡𝐨𝐰 𝐭𝐨 𝐩𝐫𝐨𝐭𝐞𝐜𝐭 𝐲𝐨𝐮𝐫𝐬𝐞𝐥𝐟 ]( "The Buck Stops Here" Dylan Jovine CEO & Founder, Behind the Markets   You are receiving our newsletter because you opted-in for it on one of our sister websites. Make sure you stay up to date with finance news by [whitelisting us](. This ad is sent on behalf of Behind The Markets, 4260 NW 1st Avenue, Suite # 55 Boca Raton, FL 33431 – 4264. If you would like to unsubscribe from receiving offers from Behind The Markets please [click here](. Copyright © 2023 New Trading View.com All Rights Reserved[.]( 234 5th Ave, New York, NY 10001, United States [Privacy Policy]( l [Terms & Conditions]( Thinking about unsubscribing? We hope not! But, if you must, the link is below. [Unsubscribe]( Assistance dog Article Talk Read Edit View history From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (Redirected from Service dog) An assistance dog pressing a button to open an automatic door Hearing-assistance dog being patted on its head In general, an assistance dog, known as a service dog in the United States, is a dog trained to aid or assist an individual with a disability. Many are trained by an assistance dog organization, or by their handler, often with the help of a professional trainer. Terminology 'Assistance dog' is the internationally established term for a dog that provides assistance to a disabled person, and is task-trained to help mitigate the handler's disability. Assistance Dogs International, an international network of assistance dog providers across the globe, notes that there is some variability of terminology in different states, particularly within the United States. They are working to establish consistent global terminology, and note that 'assistance dog' is the term adopted by organizations who train and provide assistance dogs, and the disabled people who partner with assistance dogs.[1] Distinctive features For a dog to be considered an assistance dog, they must meet the following criteria: The dog's partner must be disabled and meet the legal definition of disability in the specific country or region. The dog must be specifically trained to mitigate the partner's disability in some way, e.g. opening doors, detecting high blood sugar or allergens and notifying of such, alerting to a ringing phone, leading those who are visually or mobility impaired. The dog must be trained to a high level not to be a nuisance in public, to be safe with members of the public and behaved, as well as being healthy and not posing a hygiene threat. Some assistance dogs wear harnesses that signify such in bold letters, but this is not required by law. Assistance dogs in America are not required by the ADA law to have an ID card or be registered. Individual countries and regions will have specific laws and regulations, with these international criteria having broad recognition across the globe.[2][3] Training process Assistance dog in training in its vest Assistance dogs have traditionally been trained by charities and other organizations who then partner a disabled person with a trained dog when the dog has completed its training program at approximately the age of 2. Increasingly, more disabled people are self-training their own assistance dogs,[4] whereby the disabled person selects their own dog (often referred to as a 'prospect') and the dog is trained by the disabled person who also becomes their eventual handler. There is great variability between the length and type of training that any future assistance dog receives; however, all assistance dog candidates will go through certain stages. Selection Assistance dog candidates are generally selected with care for appropriate health, temperament and characteristics. Large established organizations such as The Guide Dogs for the Blind select and maintain their own breeding stock to ensure healthy pups with desirable traits.[5] Someone may carefully select prospect puppies from reputable breeders, or they may choose to commence training with a dog who was already part of the family. The reality TV show Rescue Dog to Super Dog featured the process of carefully selecting rescue dogs from shelters to train as assistance dogs.[6] Socialization The first period of a puppy prospect's life is normally spent in socialization rather than formal training. Large formal organizations often use puppy foster parents during the pups first year and the pup grows up in a normal family environment surrounded by the sights, sounds and smells of the type of environment they will later work in, learning to be clean and toilet trained, confident and happy.[7][8] Owner Trainers raise their pups themselves, so the dog lives with the same person who will later be their handler, but will also focus on giving the puppy confidence, play experiences and socialisation in the environments they will later work in. Task training Once a puppy is old enough they will commence their specialist training which will include training in work and/or tasks. It is these tasks which will make them distinct and specialised assistance dogs. In the US, an assistance dog handler may be asked if they have a disability, and what tasks the dog does to mitigate that disability as the only two legal questions to ascertain that a dog is indeed an assistance dog.[9] The tasks that an assistance dog prospect will learn depend on the disabilities that their current or future handler has and there is therefore almost no limit on the types of tasks a dog can be trained to. These may vary from picking up dropped items and taking laundry out of a washing machine to interrupting self-harming behaviors to providing deep pressure therapy for an autistic person.[10] Obedience and public access "Assistance Dogs welcome" sign in Bolton Priory At the same time as learning their unique tasks to support their handler, an assistance dog candidate also learns how to be well behaved, polite and to present acceptably in public. Large organizations who train assistance dogs will use their own in house training processes. Owner trainers may also approach this in a variety of ways. Many owner-trainer support groups recommend following established dog obedience schemes such as the Kennel Club Bronze, Silver and Gold obedience training programme to gain a high and dependable recognized standard of obedience and behavior followed by the Public Access Test. Public Access tests evaluate a dog's ability to behave appropriately in public,and in places not normally deemed pet friendly where a person may enter with an assistance dog,such as a supermarket or restaurant.[11] Classification In the United States, assistance dogs fall into two broad categories: service dogs and facility dogs.[12] Service dogs are defined by the Americans with Disabilities Act as dogs that are individually trained to do work or perform tasks for people with disabilities. State and local governments, businesses, and nonprofit organizations that serve the public generally must allow service animals to accompany people with disabilities in all areas of the facility where the public is normally allowed to go.[13] Facility dogs are used by working professionals to aid multiple people.[14] Mobility assistance dog helping his handler stand up Common examples of assistance dogs include: Guide dogs assist the blind and the visually impaired. Hearing dogs, or signal dogs, help the deaf and hard of hearing. Mobility assistance dogs Medical response dogs Seizure response dogs Psychiatric service dogs Autism Assistance dogs Common examples of facility dogs include:[14] Courthouse facility dogs are typically handled by professionals working in the legal system. They are often used to assist crime victims, witnesses, and others during the investigation and prosecution of crimes as well as other legal proceedings. Facility dogs in educational settings are usually handled by special education teachers to facilitate interaction with the students. Facility dogs in healthcare environments are typically handled by physical therapists, psychologists, and other healthcare professionals to facilitate recovery and symptom management for patients. Similarities and differences between facility dogs and therapy dogs Because both may aid people in similar settings such as healthcare environments, facility dogs are often mistakenly called therapy dogs; however, there are several important distinctions between them. Facility dogs are trained by accredited assistance dog organizations and therapy dogs are trained by their owners. Facility dogs may be handled by a wide variety of working professionals, while therapy dogs must be handled by their owners. Facility dogs are trained by canine professionals or by their owner for a period of 18 to 24 months, and must pass very rigorous tests before graduating from an assistance dog organization.[15] In contrast, registration for therapy dogs by a therapy dog organization does not require enrollment in obedience classes or therapy dog classes, meaning that therapy dogs often undergo a much less rigorous training process. Furthermore, the tests that therapy dogs must pass are less complicated and challenging than those taken by facility dogs.[16] A person with either a therapy dog or a facility dog must have permission from the facilities they visit before they can enter with their animal. They do not have the right to demand access to places where pets are not generally permitted, or to have fees associated with their pets waived.[17] See also Assistance animal Autism service dog Bravehound Courthouse facility dog Dogs for Good (in the UK) Hearing Dogs for Deaf People (in the UK) Hounds for Heroes Medical response dog – Type of service dog Mobility assistance dog – Type of service dog Psychiatric service dog Seizure dog Working dog – Dog used for work In Greek mythology, Cerberus (/ˈsɜːrbərəs/;[2] Greek: Κέρβερος Kérberos [ˈkerberos]), often referred to as the hound of Hades, is a multi-headed dog that guards the gates of the Underworld to prevent the dead from leaving. He was the offspring of the monsters Echidna and Typhon, and was usually described as having three heads, a serpent for a tail, and snakes protruding from multiple parts of his body. Cerberus is primarily known for his capture by Heracles, the last of Heracles' twelve labours. Etymology Cerberus and Hades/Serapis. Heraklion Archaeological Museum, Crete, Greece.[3] The etymology of Cerberus' name is uncertain. Ogden[4] refers to attempts to establish an Indo-European etymology as "not yet successful". It has been claimed to be related to the Sanskrit word सर्वरा sarvarā, used as an epithet of one of the dogs of Yama, from a Proto-Indo-European word *k̑érberos, meaning "spotted".[5] Lincoln (1991),[6] among others, critiques this etymology. This etymology was also rejected by Manfred Mayrhofer, who proposed an Austro-Asiatic origin for the word,[7] and Beekes.[8] Lincoln notes a similarity between Cerberus and the Norse mythological dog Garmr, relating both names to a Proto-Indo-European root *ger- "to growl" (perhaps with the suffixes -*m/*b and -*r). However, as Ogden observes, this analysis actually requires Kerberos and Garmr to be derived from two different Indo-European roots (*ker- and *gher- respectively), and so does not actually establish a relationship between the two names. Though probably not Greek, Greek etymologies for Cerberus have been offered. An etymology given by Servius (the late-fourth-century commentator on Virgil)—but rejected by Ogden—derives Cerberus from the Greek word creoboros meaning "flesh-devouring".[9] Another suggested etymology derives Cerberus from "Ker berethrou", meaning "evil of the pit".[10] Descriptions Descriptions of Cerberus vary, including the number of his heads. Cerberus was usually three-headed, though not always. Cerberus had several multi-headed relatives. His father was the multi snake-headed Typhon,[11] and Cerberus was the brother of three other multi-headed monsters, the multi-snake-headed Lernaean Hydra; Orthrus, the two-headed dog who guarded the Cattle of Geryon; and the Chimera, who had three heads: that of a lion, a goat, and a snake.[12] And, like these close relatives, Cerberus was, with only the rare iconographic exception, multi-headed. In the earliest description of Cerberus, Hesiod's Theogony (c. 8th – 7th century BC), Cerberus has fifty heads, while Pindar (c. 522 – c. 443 BC) gave him one hundred heads.[13] However, later writers almost universally give Cerberus three heads.[14] An exception is the Latin poet Horace's Cerberus which has a single dog head, and one hundred snake heads.[15] Perhaps trying to reconcile these competing traditions, Apollodorus's Cerberus has three dog heads and the heads of "all sorts of snakes" along his back, while the Byzantine poet John Tzetzes (who probably based his account on Apollodorus) gives Cerberus fifty heads, three of which were dog heads, the rest being the "heads of other beasts of all sorts".[16] Heracles, chain in left hand, his club laid aside, calms a two-headed Cerberus, which has a snake protruding from each of his heads, a mane down his necks and back, and a snake tail. Cerberus is emerging from a portico, which represents the palace of Hades in the underworld. Between them, a tree represents the sacred grove of Hades' wife Persephone. On the far left, Athena stands, left arm extended. Amphora (c. 525–510 BC) from Vulci (Louvre F204).[17] In art Cerberus is most commonly depicted with two dog heads (visible), never more than three, but occasionally with only one.[18] On one of the two earliest depictions (c. 590–580 BC), a Corinthian cup from Argos (see below), now lost, Cerberus was shown as a normal single-headed dog.[19] The first appearance of a three-headed Cerberus occurs on a mid-sixth-century BC Laconian cup (see below).[20] Horace's many snake-headed Cerberus followed a long tradition of Cerberus being part snake. This is perhaps already implied as early as in Hesiod's Theogony, where Cerberus' mother is the half-snake Echidna, and his father the snake-headed Typhon. In art, Cerberus is often shown as being part snake,[21] for example the lost Corinthian cup showed snakes protruding from Cerberus' body, while the mid sixth-century BC Laconian cup gives Cerberus a snake for a tail. In the literary record, the first certain indication of Cerberus' serpentine nature comes from the rationalized account of Hecataeus of Miletus (fl. 500–494 BC), who makes Cerberus a large poisonous snake.[22] Plato refers to Cerberus' composite nature,[23] and Euphorion of Chalcis (3rd century BC) describes Cerberus as having multiple snake tails,[24] and presumably in connection to his serpentine nature, associates Cerberus with the creation of the poisonous aconite plant.[25] Virgil has snakes writhe around Cerberus' neck,[26] Ovid's Cerberus has a venomous mouth,[27] necks "vile with snakes",[28] and "hair inwoven with the threatening snake",[29] while Seneca gives Cerberus a mane consisting of snakes, and a single snake tail.[30] Cerberus was given various other traits. According to Euripides, Cerberus not only had three heads but three bodies,[31] and according to Virgil he had multiple backs.[32] Cerberus ate raw flesh (according to Hesiod),[33] had eyes which flashed fire (according to Euphorion), a three-tongued mouth (according to Horace), and acute hearing (according to Seneca).[34] The Twelfth Labour of Heracles Athena, Hermes and Heracles, leading a two-headed Cerberus out of the underworld, as Persephone looks on. Hydria (c. 550–500 BC) attributed to the Leagros Group (Louvre CA 2992).[35] Cerberus' only mythology concerns his capture by Heracles.[36] As early as Homer we learn that Heracles was sent by Eurystheus, the king of Tiryns, to bring back Cerberus from Hades the king of the underworld.[37] According to Apollodorus, this was the twelfth and final labour imposed on Heracles.[38] In a fragment from a lost play Pirithous, (attributed to either Euripides or Critias) Heracles says that, although Eurystheus commanded him to bring back Cerberus, it was not from any desire to see Cerberus, but only because Eurystheus thought that the task was impossible.[39] Heracles was aided in his mission by his being an initiate of the Eleusinian Mysteries. Euripides has his initiation being "lucky" for Heracles in capturing Cerberus.[40] And both Diodorus Siculus and Apollodorus say that Heracles was initiated into the Mysteries, in preparation for his descent into the underworld. According to Diodorus, Heracles went to Athens, where Musaeus, the son of Orpheus, was in charge of the initiation rites,[41] while according to Apollodorus, he went to Eumolpus at Eleusis.[42] Heracles also had the help of Hermes, the usual guide of the underworld, as well as Athena. In the Odyssey, Homer has Hermes and Athena as his guides.[43] And Hermes and Athena are often shown with Heracles on vase paintings depicting Cerberus' capture. By most accounts, Heracles made his descent into the underworld through an entrance at Tainaron, the most famous of the various Greek entrances to the underworld.[44] The place is first mentioned in connection with the Cerberus story in the rationalized account of Hecataeus of Miletus (fl. 500–494 BC), and Euripides, Seneca, and Apolodorus, all have Heracles descend into the underworld there.[45] However Xenophon reports that Heracles was said to have descended at the Acherusian Chersonese near Heraclea Pontica, on the Black Sea, a place more usually associated with Heracles' exit from the underworld (see below).[46] Heraclea, founded c. 560 BC, perhaps took its name from the association of its site with Heracles' Cerberian exploit.[47] Theseus and Pirithous While in the underworld, Heracles met the heroes Theseus and Pirithous, where the two companions were being held prisoner by Hades for attempting to carry off Hades' wife Persephone. Along with bringing back Cerberus, Heracles also managed (usually) to rescue Theseus, and in some versions Pirithous as well.[48] According to Apollodorus, Heracles found Theseus and Pirithous near the gates of Hades, bound to the "Chair of Forgetfulness, to which they grew and were held fast by coils of serpents", and when they saw Heracles, "they stretched out their hands as if they should be raised from the dead by his might", and Heracles was able to free Theseus, but when he tried to raise up Pirithous, "the earth quaked and he let go."[49] The earliest evidence for the involvement of Theseus and Pirithous in the Cerberus story, is found on a shield-band relief (c. 560 BC) from Olympia, where Theseus and Pirithous (named) are seated together on a chair, arms held out in supplication, while Heracles approaches, about to draw his sword.[50] The earliest literary mention of the rescue occurs in Euripides, where Heracles saves Theseus (with no mention of Pirithous).[51] In the lost play Pirithous, both heroes are rescued,[52] while in the rationalized account of Philochorus, Heracles was able to rescue Theseus, but not Pirithous.[53] In one place Diodorus says Heracles brought back both Theseus and Pirithous, by the favor of Persephone,[54] while in another he says that Pirithous remained in Hades, or according to "some writers of myth" that neither Theseus, nor Pirithous returned.[55] Both are rescued in Hyginus.[56] Capture Athena, Heracles, and a two-headed Cerberus, with mane down his necks and back. Hermes (not shown in the photograph) stands to the left of Athena. An amphora (c. 575–525 BC) from Kameiros, Rhodes (Louvre A481).[57] There are various versions of how Heracles accomplished Cerberus' capture.[58] According to Apollodorus, Heracles asked Hades for Cerberus, and Hades told Heracles he would allow him to take Cerberus only if he "mastered him without the use of the weapons which he carried", and so, using his lion-skin as a shield, Heracles squeezed Cerberus around the head until he submitted.[59] In some early sources Cerberus' capture seems to involve Heracles fighting Hades. Homer (Iliad 5.395–397) has Hades injured by an arrow shot by Heracles.[60] A scholium to the Iliad passage, explains that Hades had commanded that Heracles "master Cerberus without shield or Iron".[61] Heracles did this, by (as in Apollodorus) using his lion-skin instead of his shield, and making stone points for his arrows, but when Hades still opposed him, Heracles shot Hades in anger. Consistent with the no iron requirement, on an early-sixth-century BC lost Corinthian cup, Heracles is shown attacking Hades with a stone,[62] while the iconographic tradition, from c. 560 BC, often shows Heracles using his wooden club against Cerberus.[63] Euripides has Amphitryon ask Heracles: "Did you conquer him in fight, or receive him from the goddess [i.e. Persephone]? To which Heracles answers: "In fight",[64] and the Pirithous fragment says that Heracles "overcame the beast by force".[65] However, according to Diodorus, Persephone welcomed Heracles "like a brother" and gave Cerberus "in chains" to Heracles.[66] Aristophanes has Heracles seize Cerberus in a stranglehold and run off,[67] while Seneca has Heracles again use his lion-skin as shield, and his wooden club, to subdue Cerberus, after which a quailing Hades and Persephone allow Heracles to lead a chained and submissive Cerberus away.[68] Cerberus is often shown being chained, and Ovid tells that Heracles dragged the three headed Cerberus with chains of adamant.[69] Exit from the underworld Hercules and Cerberus. Oil on canvas, by Peter Paul Rubens 1636, Prado Museum. There were several locations which were said to be the place where Heracles brought up Cerberus from the underworld.[70] The geographer Strabo (63/64 BC – c. AD 24) reports that "according to the myth writers" Cerberus was brought up at Tainaron,[71] the same place where Euripides has Heracles enter the underworld. Seneca has Heracles enter and exit at Tainaron.[72] Apollodorus, although he has Heracles enter at Tainaron, has him exit at Troezen.[73] The geographer Pausanias tells us that there was a temple at Troezen with "altars to the gods said to rule under the earth", where it was said that, in addition to Cerberus being "dragged" up by Heracles, Semele was supposed to have been brought up out of the underworld by Dionysus.[74] Another tradition had Cerberus brought up at Heraclea Pontica (the same place which Xenophon had earlier associated with Heracles' descent) and the cause of the poisonous plant aconite which grew there in abundance.[75] Herodorus of Heraclea and Euphorion said that when Heracles brought Cerberus up from the underworld at Heraclea, Cerberus "vomited bile" from which the aconite plant grew up.[76] Ovid, also makes Cerberus the cause of the poisonous aconite, saying that on the "shores of Scythia", upon leaving the underworld, as Cerberus was being dragged by Heracles from a cave, dazzled by the unaccustomed daylight, Cerberus spewed out a "poison-foam", which made the aconite plants growing there poisonous.[77] Seneca's Cerberus too, like Ovid's, reacts violently to his first sight of daylight. Enraged, the previously submissive Cerberus struggles furiously, and Heracles and Theseus must together drag Cerberus into the light.[78] Pausanias reports that according to local legend Cerberus was brought up through a chasm in the earth dedicated to Clymenus (Hades) next to the sanctuary of Chthonia at Hermione, and in Euripides' Heracles, though Euripides does not say that Cerberus was brought out there, he has Cerberus kept for a while in the "grove of Chthonia" at Hermione.[79] Pausanias also mentions that at Mount Laphystion in Boeotia, that there was a statue of Heracles Charops ("with bright eyes"), where the Boeotians said Heracles brought up Cerberus.[80] Other locations which perhaps were also associated with Cerberus being brought out of the underworld include, Hierapolis, Thesprotia, and Emeia near Mycenae.[81] Presented to Eurystheus, returned to Hades In some accounts, after bringing Cerberus up from the underworld, Heracles paraded the captured Cerberus through Greece.[82] Euphorion has Heracles lead Cerberus through Midea in Argolis, as women and children watch in fear,[83] and Diodorus Siculus says of Cerberus, that Heracles "carried him away to the amazement of all and exhibited him to men."[84] Seneca has Juno complain of Heracles "highhandedly parading the black hound through Argive cities"[85] and Heracles greeted by laurel-wreathed crowds, "singing" his praises.[86] Then, according to Apollodorus, Heracles showed Cerberus to Eurystheus, as commanded, after which he returned Cerberus to the underworld.[87] However, according to Hesychius of Alexandria, Cerberus escaped, presumably returning to the underworld on his own.[88] Principal sources Cerberus, with the gluttons in Dante's Third Circle of Hell. William Blake. The earliest mentions of Cerberus (c. 8th – 7th century BC) occur in Homer's Iliad and Odyssey, and Hesiod's Theogony.[89] Homer does not name or describe Cerberus, but simply refers to Heracles being sent by Eurystheus to fetch the "hound of Hades", with Hermes and Athena as his guides,[90] and, in a possible reference to Cerberus' capture, that Heracles shot Hades with an arrow.[91] According to Hesiod, Cerberus was the offspring of the monsters Echidna and Typhon, was fifty-headed, ate raw flesh, and was the "brazen-voiced hound of Hades",[92] who fawns on those that enter the house of Hades, but eats those who try to leave.[93] Stesichorus (c. 630 – 555 BC) apparently wrote a poem called Cerberus, of which virtually nothing remains.[94] However the early-sixth-century BC-lost Corinthian cup from Argos, which showed a single head, and snakes growing out from many places on his body,[95] was possibly influenced by Stesichorus' poem.[96] The mid-sixth-century BC cup from Laconia gives Cerberus three heads and a snake tail, which eventually becomes the standard representation.[97] Pindar (c. 522 – c. 443 BC) apparently gave Cerberus one hundred heads.[98] Bacchylides (5th century BC) also mentions Heracles bringing Cerberus up from the underworld, with no further details.[99] Sophocles (c. 495 – c. 405 BC), in his Women of Trachis, makes Cerberus three-headed,[100] and in his Oedipus at Colonus, the Chorus asks that Oedipus be allowed to pass the gates of the underworld undisturbed by Cerberus, called here the "untamable Watcher of Hades".[101] [New Trading View Logo](