Filesystem Hierarchy Standard

Your Weekly Newsletter [view in browser »]( Want to stay more up to date on all things open source? Follow us on [Twitter](. [Harddrive]( Filesystem Hierarchy Standard Kyle Rankin - June 17, 2019 What are these weird directories, and why are they there? If you are new to the Linux command line, you may find yourself wondering why there are so many unusual directories, what they are there for, and why things are organized the way they are. In fact, if you aren't accustomed to how Linux organizes files, the directories can seem downright arbitrary with odd truncated names and, in many cases, redundant names. It turns out there's a method to this madness based on decades of UNIX convention, and in this article, I provide an introduction to the Linux directory structure. Although each Linux distribution has its own quirks, the majority conform (for the most part) with the Filesystem Hierarchy Standard (FHS). The FHS project began in 1993, and the goal was to come to a consensus on how directories should be organized and which files should be stored where, so that distributions could have a single reference point from which to work. A lot of decisions about directory structure were based on traditional UNIX directory structures with a focus on servers and with an assumption that disk space was at a premium, so machines likely would have multiple hard drives. /bin and /sbin The /bin and /sbin directories are intended for storing binary executable files. Both directories store executables that are considered essential for booting the system (such as the mount command). The main difference between these directories is that the /sbin directory is intended for system binaries, or binaries that administrators will use to manage the system. /boot This directory stores all the bootloader files (these days, this is typically GRUB), kernel files and initrd files. It's often treated as a separate, small partition, so that the bootloader can read it more easily. With /boot on a separate partition, your root filesystem can use more sophisticated features that require kernel support whether that's an exotic filesystem, disk encryption or logical volume management. [read article]( [Abstract]( Android Low-Memory Killer--In or Out? Zack Brown - June 18, 2019 One of the jobs of the Linux kernel—and all operating system kernels—is to manage the resources available to the system. When those resources get used up, what should it do? If the resource is RAM, there's not much choice. [read article]( [Elemental Table]( Study the Elements with KDE's Kalzium Joey Bernard - June 19, 2019 I've written about a number of chemistry packages in the past and all of the computational chemistry that you can do in a Linux environment. But, what is fundamental to chemistry? Why, the elements, of course. [Read Article]( [Wickr Logo]( Wickr: Redefining the Messaging Platform Petros Koutoupis - June 14, 2019 In the modern era, messaging applications are a constant target for attackers, exposing vulnerabilities, disclosing sensitive information of nation states and insider-employee inappropriate behaviors or practices. [Read Article]( On-demand webinar brought to you by Twistlock [Watch Now »]( [Twistlock Webinar]( in case you missed [June Cover] FOSS Project Spotlight: OpenNebula Michael Abdou - June 13, 2019 OpenNebula recently released its latest version, 5.8 "Edge", which now offers pivotal capabilities to allow users to extend their cloud infrastructure to the Edge easily and effectively. [Read Article »]( [Laptop] Hello Again, Linux Richard Mavis - May 31, 2019 My first MacBook was the first computer I really loved, but I wasn't happy about the idea of buying a new one. I decided it's important to live your values and to support groups that value the things you do. [Read article »]( upcoming events [Open Source Software Conference]( July 15, 2019 - July 18, 2019 Portland, Oregon USA [Open Source Summit North America]( August 23, 2019 - August 24, 2019 San Diego, California USA [All Things Open]( October 13, 2019 - October 15, 2019 Raleigh, North Carolina USA [PIA]( [Storix Software]( [Twistlock]( [Technologic Systems]( Subscribe to Linux Journal for only $2.88 an issue! [Subscribe Now »]( [Renew Now »]( You are receiving this email because you signed up to receive newsletters from Linux Journal. You can [update your preferences]( or [unsubscribe]( from this list. Copyright © 2019 Linux Journal LLC, All rights reserved. Mailing address: 9597 Jones Rd, #331 Houston, TX 77065