PNAS Table of Contents for October 5, 2021; Vol. 118, No. 40 is now complete

[PNAS] [PNAS Inner Workings: Astronomers are redrawing our corner of the milky way. Read more.](/cgi/adclick/?ad=56134&adclick=true&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.pnas.org%2Fcontent%2F118%2F40%2Fe2116185118)   [October 5, 2021; Vol. 118, No. 40]( ) This Week in PNAS [In This Issue]( This week's research highlights --------------------------------------------------------------- Inner Workings [Inner Workings: Astronomers are redrawing our corner of the Milky Way]( Ken Croswell An over-the-shoulder look at scientists at work --------------------------------------------------------------- QnAs [QnAs: Black voices in STEM]( Melissa Suran Interviews with leading scientific researchers and newsmakers --------------------------------------------------------------- Profile [Profile of Michael E. Mann]( Matthew Hardcastle The life and work of NAS members --------------------------------------------------------------- Commentaries [Choroid plexus volumetrics and brain inflammation in multiple sclerosis]( Navid Manouchehri and Olaf Stüve [Show your cap or be packaged into HIV-1]( Judith G. Levin and Alan Rein [Teaching machines to anticipate catastrophes]( Marcus Lapeyrolerie and Carl Boettiger --------------------------------------------------------------- Perspective [Seeking natural analogs to fast-forward the assessment of marine CO2 removal]( Lennart T. Bach and Philip W. Boyd --------------------------------------------------------------- Letters [Learning from near misses from COVID-19]( Chander Velu and Sriya Iyer [Reply to Velu and Iyer: The promise and limits of “near-miss” pandemic-related research]( Tim Johnson and Dalton Conley --------------------------------------------------------------- Tropical Forests as Key Sites of the Anthropocene Special Feature Introduction [Tropical forests as key sites of the “Anthropocene”: Past and present perspectives]( Patrick Roberts, Rebecca Hamilton, and Dolores R. Piperno Perspective [Tropical islands of the Anthropocene: Deep histories of anthropogenic terrestrial–marine entanglement in the Pacific and Caribbean]( Scott M. Fitzpatrick and Christina M. Giovas [Historical socioecological transformations in the global tropics as an Anthropocene analogue]( Dan Penny and Timothy P. Beach [Indigenous knowledge and the shackles of wilderness]( Michael-Shawn Fletcher, Rebecca Hamilton, Wolfram Dressler, and Lisa Palmer Biological Sciences — Anthropology [A 5,000-year vegetation and fire history for tierra firme forests in the Medio Putumayo-Algodón watersheds, northeastern Peru]( Dolores R. Piperno, Crystal H. McMichael, Nigel C. A. Pitman, Juan Ernesto Guevara Andino, Marcos Ríos Paredes, Britte M. Heijink, and Luis A. Torres-Montenegro Biological Sciences — Ecology - Physical Sciences — Environmental Sciences [Anthropogenic transitions from forested to human-dominated landscapes in southern Macaronesia]( Alvaro Castilla-Beltrán, Lea de Nascimento, José-María Fernández-Palacios, Robert J. Whittaker, Kathy J. Willis, Mary Edwards, and Sandra Nogué Biological Sciences — Ecology - Social Sciences — Environmental Sciences [Anthropogenic impacts on Late Holocene land-cover change and floristic biodiversity loss in tropical southeastern Asia]( Zhuo Zheng, Ting Ma, Patrick Roberts, Zhen Li, Yuanfu Yue, Huanhuan Peng, Kangyou Huang, Ziyun Han, Qiuchi Wan, Yaze Zhang, Xiao Zhang, Yanwei Zheng, and Yoshiki Satio Social Sciences — Anthropology - Biological Sciences — Anthropology [Late Pleistocene/Early Holocene sites in the montane forests of New Guinea yield early record of cassowary hunting and egg harvesting]( Kristina Douglass, Dylan Gaffney, Teresa J. Feo, Priyangi Bulathsinhala, Andrew L. Mack, Megan Spitzer, and Glenn R. Summerhayes Social Sciences — Anthropology - Biological Sciences — Environmental Sciences [Pre-Columbian fire management and control of climate-driven floodwaters over 3,500 years in southwestern Amazonia]( Neil A. Duncan, Nicholas J. D. Loughlin, John H. Walker, Emma P. Hocking, and Bronwen S. Whitney Social Sciences — Environmental Sciences [Human impacts and Anthropocene environmental change at Lake Kutubu, a Ramsar wetland in Papua New Guinea]( Kelsie E. Long, Larissa Schneider, Simon E. Connor, Niamh Shulmeister, Janet Finn, Georgia L. Roberts, Atun Zawadzki, T. Gabriel Enge, John P. Smol, Chris Ballard, and Simon G. Haberle --------------------------------------------------------------- Physical Sciences Applied Physical Sciences [Ice needles weave patterns of stones in freezing landscapes]( Anyuan Li, Norikazu Matsuoka, Fujun Niu, Jing Chen, Zhenpeng Ge, Wensi Hu, Desheng Li, Bernard Hallet, Johan van de Koppel, Nigel Goldenfeld, and Quan-Xing Liu [Bacteria hinder large-scale transport and enhance small-scale mixing in time-periodic flows]( Ranjiangshang Ran, Quentin Brosseau, Brendan C. Blackwell, Boyang Qin, Rebecca L. Winter, and Paulo E. Arratia [Directional thermal channeling: A phenomenon triggered by tight packing of heat sources]( Hossein Honarvar, Joshua L. Knobloch, Travis D. Frazer, Begoña Abad, Brendan McBennett, Mahmoud I. Hussein, Henry C. Kapteyn, Margaret M. Murnane, and Jorge N. Hernandez-Charpak Astronomy [A Bayesian neural network predicts the dissolution of compact planetary systems]( Miles Cranmer, Daniel Tamayo, Hanno Rein, Peter Battaglia, Samuel Hadden, Philip J. Armitage, Shirley Ho, and David N. Spergel Biophysics and Computational Biology [Surface densities prewet a near-critical membrane]( Mason Rouches, Sarah L. Veatch, and Benjamin B. Machta [Nanoconfinement of microvilli alters gene expression and boosts T cell activation]( Morteza Aramesh, Diana Stoycheva, Ioana Sandu, Stephan J. Ihle, Tamara Zünd, Jau-Ye Shiu, Csaba Forró, Mohammad Asghari, Margherita Bernero, Sebastian Lickert, Annette Oxenius, Viola Vogel, and Enrico Klotzsch Chemistry [Chirality-matched catalyst-controlled macrocyclization reactions]( Jaeyeon Hwang, Brandon Q. Mercado, and Scott J. Miller [Continuous measurements of volatile gases as detection of algae crop health]( Jon S. Sauer, Ryan Simkovsky, Alexia N. Moore, Luis Camarda, Summer L. Sherman, Kimberly A. Prather, and Robert S. Pomeroy [Nonlinear rotational spectroscopy reveals many-body interactions in water molecules]( Yaqing Zhang, Jiaojian Shi, Xian Li, Stephen L. Coy, Robert W. Field, and Keith A. Nelson [Robust wrinkled MoS2/N-C bifunctional electrocatalysts interfaced with single Fe atoms for wearable zinc-air batteries]( Yan Yan, Shuang Liang, Xiang Wang, Mingyue Zhang, Shu-Meng Hao, Xun Cui, Zhiwei Li, and Zhiqun Lin [Encoding hierarchical assembly pathways of proteins with DNA]( Oliver G. Hayes, Benjamin E. Partridge, and Chad A. Mirkin [Direct visualization of bottlebrush polymer conformations in the solid state]( Jonathan M. Chan, Avram C. Kordon, Ruimeng Zhang, and Muzhou Wang Earth, Atmospheric, and Planetary Sciences [A largely invariant marine dissolved organic carbon reservoir across Earth's history]( Mojtaba Fakhraee, Lidya G. Tarhan, Noah J. Planavsky, and Christopher T. Reinhard [Eocene animal trace fossils in 1.7-billion-year-old metaquartzites]( Stefan Bengtson, Birger Rasmussen, Jian-Wei Zi, Ian R. Fletcher, James G. Gehling, and Bruce Runnegar [Physical processes controlling the rifting of Larsen C Ice Shelf, Antarctica, prior to the calving of iceberg A68]( E. Larour, E. Rignot, M. Poinelli, and B. Scheuchl [Sublimation-driven morphogenesis of Zen stones on ice surfaces]( Nicolas Taberlet and Nicolas Plihon [Natural Fe-bearing aluminous bridgmanite in the Katol L6 chondrite]( Sujoy Ghosh, Kishan Tiwari, Masaaki Miyahara, Arno Rohrbach, Christian Vollmer, Vincenzo Stagno, Eiji Ohtani, and Dwijesh Ray [Volcanically driven lacustrine ecosystem changes during the Carnian Pluvial Episode (Late Triassic)]( Jing Lu, Peixin Zhang, Jacopo Dal Corso, Minfang Yang, Paul B. Wignall, Sarah E. Greene, Longyi Shao, Dan Lyu, and Jason Hilton [Fe-catalyzed sulfide oxidation in hydrothermal plumes is a source of reactive oxygen species to the ocean]( Timothy J. Shaw, George W. Luther III, Richard Rosas, Véronique E. Oldham, Nicole R. Coffey, John L. Ferry, Dewamunnage M. C. Dias, Mustafa Yücel, and Aubin Thibault de Chanvalon Engineering [High-performance AEM unitized regenerative fuel cell using Pt-pyrochlore as bifunctional oxygen electrocatalyst]( Pralay Gayen, Sulay Saha, Xinquan Liu, Kritika Sharma, and Vijay K. Ramani [Automated design of pulse sequences for magnetic resonance fingerprinting using physics-inspired optimization]( Stephen P. Jordan, Siyuan Hu, Ignacio Rozada, Debra F. McGivney, Rasim Boyacioğlu, Darryl C. Jacob, Sherry Huang, Michael Beverland, Helmut G. Katzgraber, Matthias Troyer, Mark A. Griswold, and Dan Ma [Propagation of waves in high Brillouin zones: Chaotic branched flow and stable superwires]( Alvar Daza, Eric J. Heller, Anton M. Graf, and Esa Räsänen [Electrochemical removal of amphoteric ions]( Amit N. Shocron, Eric N. Guyes, Huub H. M. Rijnaarts, P. M. Biesheuvel, Matthew E. Suss, and Jouke E. Dykstra Environmental Sciences [Indigenous knowledge and the shackles of wilderness]( Michael-Shawn Fletcher, Rebecca Hamilton, Wolfram Dressler, and Lisa Palmer Physics [Oxygen hole content, charge-transfer gap, covalency, and cuprate superconductivity]( Nicolas Kowalski, Sidhartha Shankar Dash, Patrick Sémon, David Sénéchal, and André-Marie Tremblay [Ultrasensitive multispecies spectroscopic breath analysis for real-time health monitoring and diagnostics]( Qizhong Liang, Ya-Chu Chan, P. Bryan Changala, David J. Nesbitt, Jun Ye, and Jutta Toscano [Activity waves and freestanding vortices in populations of subcritical Quincke rollers]( Zeng Tao Liu, Yan Shi, Yongfeng Zhao, Hugues Chaté, Xia-qing Shi, and Tian Hui Zhang [Topological spin/structure couplings in layered chiral magnet Cr1/3TaS2: The discovery of spiral magnetic superstructure]( Kai Du, Fei-Ting Huang, Jaewook Kim, Seong Joon Lim, Kasun Gamage, Junjie Yang, Maxim Mostovoy, Joseph Garlow, Myung-Geun Han, Yimei Zhu, and Sang-Wook Cheong [Field-theoretic density estimation for biological sequence space with applications to 5′ splice site diversity and aneuploidy in cancer]( Wei-Chia Chen, Juannan Zhou, Jason M. Sheltzer, Justin B. Kinney, and David M. McCandlish [Cavitation controls droplet sizes in elastic media]( Estefania Vidal-Henriquez and David Zwicker [Metabolism modulates network synchrony in the aging brain]( Corey Weistuch, Lilianne R. Mujica-Parodi, Rostam M. Razban, Botond Antal, Helena van Nieuwenhuizen, Anar Amgalan, and Ken A. Dill Statistics [False discovery rate control in genome-wide association studies with population structure]( Matteo Sesia, Stephen Bates, Emmanuel Candès, Jonathan Marchini, and Chiara Sabatti Sustainability Science [Historical socioecological transformations in the global tropics as an Anthropocene analogue]( Dan Penny and Timothy P. Beach --------------------------------------------------------------- Social Sciences Anthropology [Tropical islands of the Anthropocene: Deep histories of anthropogenic terrestrial–marine entanglement in the Pacific and Caribbean]( Scott M. Fitzpatrick and Christina M. Giovas Economic Sciences [Individual choices and universal rights for drinking water in rural Africa]( Rob Hope and Paola Ballon [Inequality in mortality between Black and White Americans by age, place, and cause and in comparison to Europe, 1990 to 2018]( Hannes Schwandt, Janet Currie, Marlies Bär, James Banks, Paola Bertoli, Aline Bütikofer, Sarah Cattan, Beatrice Zong-Ying Chao, Claudia Costa, Libertad González, Veronica Grembi, Kristiina Huttunen, René Karadakic, Lucy Kraftman, Sonya Krutikova, Stefano Lombardi, Peter Redler, Carlos Riumallo-Herl, Ana Rodríguez-González, Kjell G. Salvanes, Paula Santana, Josselin Thuilliez, Eddy van Doorslaer, Tom Van Ourti, Joachim K. Winter, Bram Wouterse, and Amelie Wuppermann Environmental Sciences [Indigenous knowledge and the shackles of wilderness]( Michael-Shawn Fletcher, Rebecca Hamilton, Wolfram Dressler, and Lisa Palmer Political Sciences [Trust in scientists in times of pandemic: Panel evidence from 12 countries]( Yann Algan, Daniel Cohen, Eva Davoine, Martial Foucault, and Stefanie Stantcheva Psychological and Cognitive Sciences [Cosmopolitan morality trades off in-group for the world, separating benefits and protection]( Xuechunzi Bai, Varun Gauri, and Susan T. Fiske [The impact of social isolation and changes in work patterns on ongoing thought during the first COVID-19 lockdown in the United Kingdom]( Brontë Mckeown, Giulia L. Poerio, Will H. Strawson, Léa M. Martinon, Leigh M. Riby, Elizabeth Jefferies, Cade McCall, and Jonathan Smallwood [Mapping social exclusion in STEM to men’s implicit bias and women’s career costs]( Emily N. Cyr, Hilary B. Bergsieker, Tara C. Dennehy, and Toni Schmader [Altered effective connectivity in sensorimotor cortices is a signature of severity and clinical course in depression]( Dipanjan Ray, Dmitry Bezmaternykh, Mikhail Mel’nikov, Karl J. Friston, and Moumita Das Social Sciences [China's low fertility may not hinder future prosperity]( Guillaume Marois, Stuart Gietel-Basten, and Wolfgang Lutz Sustainability Science [Climate risk to European fisheries and coastal communities]( Mark R. Payne, Manja Kudahl, Georg H. Engelhard, Myron A. Peck, and John K. Pinnegar --------------------------------------------------------------- Biological Sciences Agricultural Sciences [Continuous measurements of volatile gases as detection of algae crop health]( Jon S. Sauer, Ryan Simkovsky, Alexia N. Moore, Luis Camarda, Summer L. Sherman, Kimberly A. Prather, and Robert S. Pomeroy Applied Biological Sciences [Nanoconfinement of microvilli alters gene expression and boosts T cell activation]( Morteza Aramesh, Diana Stoycheva, Ioana Sandu, Stephan J. Ihle, Tamara Zünd, Jau-Ye Shiu, Csaba Forró, Mohammad Asghari, Margherita Bernero, Sebastian Lickert, Annette Oxenius, Viola Vogel, and Enrico Klotzsch [Climate risk to European fisheries and coastal communities]( Mark R. Payne, Manja Kudahl, Georg H. Engelhard, Myron A. Peck, and John K. Pinnegar [Computational modeling identifies multitargeted kinase inhibitors as effective therapies for metastatic, castration-resistant prostate cancer]( Thomas Bello, Claudia Paindelli, Luis A. Diaz-Gomez, Anthony Melchiorri, Antonios G. Mikos, Peter S. Nelson, Eleonora Dondossola, and Taranjit S. Gujral [Culturing patient-derived malignant hematopoietic stem cells in engineered and fully humanized 3D niches]( Andrés García-García, Thibaut Klein, Gordian Born, Morgane Hilpert, Arnaud Scherberich, Claudia Lengerke, Radek C. Skoda, Paul E. Bourgine, and Ivan Martin Biochemistry [Structural basis for isoform-specific inhibition of human CTPS1]( Eric M. Lynch, Michael A. DiMattia, Steven Albanese, Gydo C. P. van Zundert, Jesse M. Hansen, Joel D. Quispe, Madison A. Kennedy, Andreas Verras, Kenneth Borrelli, Angela V. Toms, Neelu Kaila, Kevin D. Kreutter, Joshua J. McElwee, and Justin M. Kollman [Intermolecular latency regulates the essential C-terminal signal peptidase and sortase of the Porphyromonas gingivalis type-IX secretion system]( Danuta Mizgalska, Theodoros Goulas, Arturo Rodríguez-Banqueri, Florian Veillard, Mariusz Madej, Ewelina Małecka, Katarzyna Szczesniak, Miroslaw Ksiazek, Magda Widziołek, Tibisay Guevara, Ulrich Eckhard, Maria Solà, Jan Potempa, and F. Xavier Gomis-Rüth [Glycocalyx crowding with mucin mimetics strengthens binding of soluble and virus-associated lectins to host cell glycan receptors]( Daniel J. Honigfort, Meghan O. Altman, Pascal Gagneux, and Kamil Godula [A shared mechanistic pathway for pyridoxal phosphate–dependent arginine oxidases]( Elesha R. Hoffarth, Kersti Caddell Haatveit, Eugene Kuatsjah, Gregory A. MacNeil, Simran Saroya, Charles J. Walsby, Lindsay D. Eltis, K. N. Houk, Marc Garcia-Borràs, and Katherine S. Ryan Biophysics and Computational Biology [Surface densities prewet a near-critical membrane]( Mason Rouches, Sarah L. Veatch, and Benjamin B. Machta [Field-theoretic density estimation for biological sequence space with applications to 5′ splice site diversity and aneuploidy in cancer]( Wei-Chia Chen, Juannan Zhou, Jason M. Sheltzer, Justin B. Kinney, and David M. McCandlish [Cavitation controls droplet sizes in elastic media]( Estefania Vidal-Henriquez and David Zwicker [Inverse heavy enzyme isotope effects in methylthioadenosine nucleosidases]( Morais Brown, Ioanna Zoi, Dimitri Antoniou, Hilda A. Namanja-Magliano, Steven D. Schwartz, and Vern L. Schramm [Structural and energetic analysis of metastable intermediate states in the E1P–E2P transition of Ca2+-ATPase]( Chigusa Kobayashi, Yasuhiro Matsunaga, Jaewoon Jung, and Yuji Sugita [Structural origins of Escherichia coli RNA polymerase open promoter complex stability]( Ruth M. Saecker, James Chen, Courtney E. Chiu, Brandon Malone, Johanna Sotiris, Mark Ebrahim, Laura Y. Yen, Edward T. Eng, and Seth A. Darst [Mechanistic insights into central spindle assembly mediated by the centralspindlin complex]( Han Pan, Ruifang Guan, Ruixue Zhao, Guangshuo Ou, and Zhucheng Chen Cell Biology [Matrix stiffness drives stromal autophagy and promotes formation of a protumorigenic niche]( Anna Hupfer, Anna Brichkina, Anke Koeniger, Corinna Keber, Carsten Denkert, Petra Pfefferle, Frederik Helmprobst, Axel Pagenstecher, Alexander Visekruna, and Matthias Lauth [Constitutive signal bias mediated by the human GHRHR splice variant 1]( Zhaotong Cong, Fulai Zhou, Chao Zhang, Xinyu Zou, Huibing Zhang, Yuzhe Wang, Qingtong Zhou, Xiaoqing Cai, Qiaofeng Liu, Jie Li, Lijun Shao, Chunyou Mao, Xi Wang, Jihong Wu, Tian Xia, Li-Hua Zhao, Hualiang Jiang, Yan Zhang, H. Eric Xu, Xi Cheng, Dehua Yang, and Ming-Wei Wang [USP15 antagonizes CRL4CRBN-mediated ubiquitylation of glutamine synthetase and neosubstrates]( Thang Van Nguyen [Voltage sensor movements of CaV1.1 during an action potential in skeletal muscle fibers]( Quinton Banks, Hugo Bibollet, Minerva Contreras, Daniel F. Bennett, Roger A. Bannister, Martin F. Schneider, and Erick O. Hernández-Ochoa [DNA origami patterning of synthetic T cell receptors reveals spatial control of the sensitivity and kinetics of signal activation]( Rui Dong, Tural Aksel, Waipan Chan, Ronald N. Germain, Ronald D. Vale, and Shawn M. Douglas [Unraveling the hidden role of a uORF-encoded peptide as a kinase inhibitor of PKCs]( Divya Ram Jayaram, Sigal Frost, Chanan Argov, Vijayasteltar Belsamma Liju, Nikhil Ponnoor Anto, Amitha Muraleedharan, Assaf Ben-Ari, Rose Sinay, Ilan Smoly, Ofra Novoplansky, Noah Isakov, Debra Toiber, Chen Keasar, Moshe Elkabets, Esti Yeger-Lotem, and Etta Livneh Ecology [Ice needles weave patterns of stones in freezing landscapes]( Anyuan Li, Norikazu Matsuoka, Fujun Niu, Jing Chen, Zhenpeng Ge, Wensi Hu, Desheng Li, Bernard Hallet, Johan van de Koppel, Nigel Goldenfeld, and Quan-Xing Liu Environmental Sciences [A revised action spectrum for vitamin D synthesis by suberythemal UV radiation exposure in humans in vivo]( Antony R. Young, Kylie A. Morgan, Graham I. Harrison, Karl P. Lawrence, Bibi Petersen, Hans Christian Wulf, and Peter A. Philipsen Evolution [A largely invariant marine dissolved organic carbon reservoir across Earth's history]( Mojtaba Fakhraee, Lidya G. Tarhan, Noah J. Planavsky, and Christopher T. Reinhard [Eocene animal trace fossils in 1.7-billion-year-old metaquartzites]( Stefan Bengtson, Birger Rasmussen, Jian-Wei Zi, Ian R. Fletcher, James G. Gehling, and Bruce Runnegar [Earth history events shaped the evolution of uneven biodiversity across tropical moist forests]( Oskar Hagen, Alexander Skeels, Renske E. Onstein, Walter Jetz, and Loïc Pellissier [Urbanization extends flight phenology and leads to local adaptation of seasonal plasticity in Lepidoptera]( Thomas Merckx, Matthew E. Nielsen, Janne Heliölä, Mikko Kuussaari, Lars B. Pettersson, Juha Pöyry, Juha Tiainen, Karl Gotthard, and Sami M. Kivelä Genetics [False discovery rate control in genome-wide association studies with population structure]( Matteo Sesia, Stephen Bates, Emmanuel Candès, Jonathan Marchini, and Chiara Sabatti [A genetic model of methionine restriction extends Drosophila health- and lifespan]( Andrey A. Parkhitko, Lin Wang, Elizabeth Filine, Patrick Jouandin, Dmitry Leshchiner, Richard Binari, John M. Asara, Joshua D. Rabinowitz, and Norbert Perrimon Immunology and Inflammation [High-dimensional profiling reveals phenotypic heterogeneity and disease-specific alterations of granulocytes in COVID-19]( Magda Lourda, Majda Dzidic, Laura Hertwig, Helena Bergsten, Laura M. Palma Medina, Indranil Sinha, Egle Kvedaraite, Puran Chen, Jagadeeswara R. Muvva, Jean-Baptiste Gorin, Martin Cornillet, Johanna Emgård, Kirsten Moll, Marina García, Kimia T. Maleki, Jonas Klingström, Jakob Michaëlsson, Malin Flodström-Tullberg, Susanna Brighenti, Marcus Buggert, Jenny Mjösberg, Karl-Johan Malmberg, Johan K. Sandberg, Jan-Inge Henter, Elin Folkesson, Sara Gredmark-Russ, Anders Sönnerborg, Lars I. Eriksson, Olav Rooyackers, Soo Aleman, Kristoffer Strålin, Hans-Gustaf Ljunggren, Niklas K. Björkström, Mattias Svensson, Andrea Ponzetta, Anna Norrby-Teglund, Benedict J. Chambers, and Karolinska KI/K COVID-19 Study Group Medical Sciences [PRAMEF2-mediated dynamic regulation of YAP signaling promotes tumorigenesis]( Madhurima Ghosh and Sanjeev Das Microbiology [Ecological diversification reveals routes of pathogen emergence in endemic Vibrio vulnificus populations]( Mario López-Pérez, Jane M. Jayakumar, Trudy-Ann Grant, Asier Zaragoza-Solas, Pedro J. Cabello-Yeves, and Salvador Almagro-Moreno [The missing enzymatic link in syntrophic methane formation from fatty acids]( Michael Agne, Sebastian Estelmann, Carola S. Seelmann, Johannes Kung, Dennis Wilkens, Hans-Georg Koch, Chris van der Does, Sonja V. Albers, Christoph von Ballmoos, Jörg Simon, and Matthias Boll [Killing of Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria by a bifunctional cell wall-targeting T6SS effector]( Nguyen-Hung Le, Victor Pinedo, Juvenal Lopez, Felipe Cava, and Mario F. Feldman [Listeriolysin S: A bacteriocin from Listeria monocytogenes that induces membrane permeabilization in a contact-dependent manner]( Jazmín Meza-Torres, Mickaël Lelek, Juan J. Quereda, Martin Sachse, Giulia Manina, Dmitry Ershov, Jean-Yves Tinevez, Lilliana Radoshevich, Claire Maudet, Thibault Chaze, Quentin Giai Gianetto, Mariette Matondo, Marc Lecuit, Isabelle Martin-Verstraete, Christophe Zimmer, Hélène Bierne, Olivier Dussurget, Pascale Cossart, and Javier Pizarro-Cerdá [FAD-dependent C-glycoside–metabolizing enzymes in microorganisms: Screening, characterization, and crystal structure analysis]( Takuto Kumano, Sanae Hori, Satomi Watanabe, Yuzu Terashita, Hong Yang Yu, Yoshiteru Hashimoto, Toshiya Senda, Miki Senda, and Michihiko Kobayashi Neuroscience [The cost of correcting for error during sensorimotor adaptation]( Ehsan Sedaghat-Nejad and Reza Shadmehr [An L1 retrotransposon insertion–induced deafness mouse model for studying the development and function of the cochlear stria vascularis]( Chenmeng Song, Jie Li, Shuang Liu, Hanqing Hou, Tong Zhu, Jiaofeng Chen, Lian Liu, Yichang Jia, and Wei Xiong [Midbrain dopaminergic innervation of the hippocampus is sufficient to modulate formation of aversive memories]( Theodoros Tsetsenis, Julia K. Badyna, Julianne A. Wilson, Xiaowen Zhang, Elizabeth N. Krizman, Manivannan Subramaniyan, Kechun Yang, Steven A. Thomas, and John A. Dani [Defective myelination in an RNA polymerase III mutant leukodystrophic mouse]( Emilio Merheb, Min-Hui Cui, Juwen C. DuBois, Craig A. Branch, Maria Gulinello, Bridget Shafit-Zagardo, Robyn D. Moir, and Ian M. Willis [Circuit-specific enteric glia regulate intestinal motor neurocircuits]( Mohammad M. Ahmadzai, Luisa Seguella, and Brian D. Gulbransen [IP3R-driven increases in mitochondrial Ca2+ promote neuronal death in NPC disease]( Scott A. Tiscione, Maria Casas, Jonathan D. Horvath, Vincent Lam, Keiko Hino, Daniel S. Ory, L. Fernando Santana, Sergi Simó, Rose E. Dixon, and Eamonn J. Dickson [Recurrent rewiring of the adult hippocampal mossy fiber system by a single transcriptional regulator, Id2]( Wenshu Luo, Matteo Egger, Andor Domonkos, Lin Que, David Lukacsovich, Natalia Andrea Cruz-Ochoa, Szilárd Szőcs, Charlotte Seng, Antónia Arszovszki, Eszter Sipos, Irmgard Amrein, Jochen Winterer, Tamás Lukacsovich, János Szabadics, David P. Wolfer, Csaba Varga, and Csaba Földy [The nuclear ubiquitin ligase adaptor SPOP is a conserved regulator of C9orf72 dipeptide toxicity]( Carley Snoznik, Valentina Medvedeva, Jelena Mojsilovic-Petrovic, Paige Rudich, James Oosten, Robert G. Kalb, and Todd Lamitina [Neural mechanisms underlying the temporal control of sequential saccade planning in the frontal eye field]( Debaleena Basu, Naveen Sendhilnathan, and Aditya Murthy [Metabolism modulates network synchrony in the aging brain]( Corey Weistuch, Lilianne R. Mujica-Parodi, Rostam M. Razban, Botond Antal, Helena van Nieuwenhuizen, Anar Amgalan, and Ken A. Dill [Altered effective connectivity in sensorimotor cortices is a signature of severity and clinical course in depression]( Dipanjan Ray, Dmitry Bezmaternykh, Mikhail Mel’nikov, Karl J. Friston, and Moumita Das Physiology [Essential role of systemic iron mobilization and redistribution for adaptive thermogenesis through HIF2-α/hepcidin axis]( Jin-Seon Yook, Mikyoung You, Jiyoung Kim, Ashley M. Toney, Rong Fan, Bhanwar Lal Puniya, Tomáš Helikar, Sophie Vaulont, Jean-Christophe Deschemin, Meshail Okla, Liwei Xie, Manik C. Ghosh, Tracey A. Rouault, Jaekwon Lee, and Soonkyu Chung [Deficiency of PARP-1 and PARP-2 in the mouse uterus results in decidualization failure and pregnancy loss]( Andrew M. Kelleher, Rohit Setlem, Françoise Dantzer, Francesco J. DeMayo, John P. Lydon, and W. Lee Kraus Plant Biology [Photoprotection during iron deficiency is mediated by the bHLH transcription factors PYE and ILR3]( Garo Z. Akmakjian, Nabila Riaz, and Mary Lou Guerinot Sustainability Science [Sustainable-use protected areas catalyze enhanced livelihoods in rural Amazonia]( João V. Campos-Silva, Carlos A. Peres, Joseph E. Hawes, Torbjørn Haugaasen, Carolina T. Freitas, Richard J. Ladle, and Priscila F. M. Lopes --------------------------------------------------------------- Corrections [Correction for Ristaino et al., The persistent threat of emerging plant disease pandemics to global food security]( [Correction for Roell et al., A synthetic C4 shuttle via the β-hydroxyaspartate cycle in C3 plants]( [Cover] --------------------------------------------------------------- This message was sent to {EMAIL}. [Unsubscribe]( from or [edit]( your subscription for this service. Or by mail: Customer Service * 15575-A Los Gatos Blvd * Los Gatos, CA 95032 * U.S.A. Copyright © 2021 by the National Academy of Sciences