PNAS Table of Contents for August 3, 2021; Vol. 118, No. 31 is now complete

[PNAS] [This week on the PNAS Science Sessions Podcast. Upslope advance of forest fires. Listen here.](/cgi/adclick/?ad=56000&adclick=true&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.pnas.org%2Fpage%2Fmedia%2Fpodcasts%23upslope-forest-fires)   [August 3, 2021; Vol. 118, No. 31]( ) This Week in PNAS [In This Issue]( This week's research highlights --------------------------------------------------------------- Opinion [Opinion: We can use carbon to decarbonize—and get hydrogen for free]( Matteo Pasquali and Carl Mesters Leading scientists discuss current issues --------------------------------------------------------------- QnAs [QnAs with Joel N. Blankson]( Matthew Hardcastle Interviews with leading scientific researchers and newsmakers --------------------------------------------------------------- Profile [Profile of John R. Speakman]( Sandeep Ravindran The life and work of NAS members --------------------------------------------------------------- Commentaries [From single flies to many genes: Using Drosophila to explore the genetics of psychostimulant consumption]( Iris Titos and Adrian Rothenfluh [Taking a microscale look at symbiotic interactions—and why it matters]( Thomas C. G. Bosch [Building toward useful SARS-CoV-2 models in Africa]( Belinda Archibong and C. Jessica E. Metcalf [Public health needs evolutionary thinking]( Grazyna Jasienska [Dopaminergic modulation of human consciousness via default mode network connectivity]( Brian L. Edlow --------------------------------------------------------------- Perspective [Middle Pleistocene fire use: The first signal of widespread cultural diffusion in human evolution]( Katharine MacDonald, Fulco Scherjon, Eva van Veen, Krist Vaesen, and Wil Roebroeks --------------------------------------------------------------- Letters [Middle Stone Age marine resource exploitation at Ysterfontein 1 rockshelter, South Africa]( Richard G. Klein [Reply to Klein: Ysterfontein 1 shell midden (South Africa) and the antiquity of coastal adaptation]( Elizabeth M. Niespolo, Warren D. Sharp, Graham Avery, and Todd E. Dawson --------------------------------------------------------------- Brief Report [Recovery of assessed global fish stocks remains uncertain]( Gregory L. Britten, Carlos M. Duarte, and Boris Worm --------------------------------------------------------------- Physical Sciences Applied Mathematics [Predicting the SARS-CoV-2 effective reproduction number using bulk contact data from mobile phones]( Sten Rüdiger, Stefan Konigorski, Alexander Rakowski, Jonathan Antonio Edelman, Detlef Zernick, Alexander Thieme, and Christoph Lippert [Independent Markov decomposition: Toward modeling kinetics of biomolecular complexes]( Tim Hempel, Mauricio J. del Razo, Christopher T. Lee, Bryn C. Taylor, Rommie E. Amaro, and Frank Noé [Alternating the population and control neural networks to solve high-dimensional stochastic mean-field games]( Alex Tong Lin, Samy Wu Fung, Wuchen Li, Levon Nurbekyan, and Stanley J. Osher [Learning hidden elasticity with deep neural networks]( Chun-Teh Chen and Grace X. Gu Applied Physical Sciences [Morphogenesis and cell ordering in confined bacterial biofilms]( Qiuting Zhang, Jian Li, Japinder Nijjer, Haoran Lu, Mrityunjay Kothari, Ricard Alert, Tal Cohen, and Jing Yan [The ferroelectric photo ground state of SrTiO3: Cavity materials engineering]( Simone Latini, Dongbin Shin, Shunsuke A. Sato, Christian Schäfer, Umberto De Giovannini, Hannes Hübener, and Angel Rubio [Nature of dynamic gradients, glass formation, and collective effects in ultrathin freestanding films]( Asieh Ghanekarade, Anh D. Phan, Kenneth S. Schweizer, and David S. Simmons Astronomy [Rotation suppresses giant-scale solar convection]( Geoffrey M. Vasil, Keith Julien, and Nicholas A. Featherstone Biophysics and Computational Biology [Non-Markovian modeling of protein folding]( Cihan Ayaz, Lucas Tepper, Florian N. Brünig, Julian Kappler, Jan O. Daldrop, and Roland R. Netz [Single-particle diffusional fingerprinting: A machine-learning framework for quantitative analysis of heterogeneous diffusion]( Henrik D. Pinholt, Søren S.-R. Bohr, Josephine F. Iversen, Wouter Boomsma, and Nikos S. Hatzakis Chemistry [Formation of porous ice frameworks at room temperature]( Yuan Liu, Weiduo Zhu, Jian Jiang, Chongqin Zhu, Chang Liu, Ben Slater, Lars Ojamäe, Joseph S. Francisco, and Xiao Cheng Zeng [Dodecagonal quasicrystals of oil-swollen ionic surfactant micelles]( Ashish Jayaraman, Carlos M. Baez-Cotto, Tyler J. Mann, and Mahesh K. Mahanthappa [A comparative metabologenomic approach reveals mechanistic insights into Streptomyces antibiotic crypticity]( Yunci Qi, Keshav K. Nepal, and Joshua A. V. Blodgett Earth, Atmospheric, and Planetary Sciences [Rare crested rat subfossils unveil Afro–Eurasian ecological corridors synchronous with early human dispersals]( Ignacio A. Lazagabaster, Valentina Rovelli, Pierre-Henri Fabre, Roi Porat, Micka Ullman, Uri Davidovich, Tal Lavi, Amir Ganor, Eitan Klein, Keren Weiss, Perach Nuriel, Meirav Meiri, and Nimrod Marom Environmental Sciences [A framework for localizing global climate solutions and their carbon reduction potential]( Marilyn A. Brown, Puneet Dwivedi, Sudhagar Mani, Daniel Matisoff, Jacqueline E. Mohan, Jeffrey Mullen, Michael Oxman, Michael Rodgers, Richard Simmons, Blair Beasley, and Lalith Polepeddi Physics [A bending fluctuation-based mechanism for particle detection by ciliated structures]( Jean-Baptiste Thomazo, Benjamin Le Révérend, Lea-Laetitia Pontani, Alexis M. Prevost, and Elie Wandersman [Glasses denser than the supercooled liquid]( Yi Jin, Aixi Zhang, Sarah E. Wolf, Shivajee Govind, Alex R. Moore, Mikhail Zhernenkov, Guillaume Freychet, Ahmad Arabi Shamsabadi, and Zahra Fakhraai Statistics [Estimating SARS-CoV-2 infections from deaths, confirmed cases, tests, and random surveys]( Nicholas J. Irons and Adrian E. Raftery Sustainability Science [Microplastics destabilize lipid membranes by mechanical stretching]( Jean-Baptiste Fleury and Vladimir A. Baulin --------------------------------------------------------------- Social Sciences Environmental Sciences [Quantifying COVID-19 importation risk in a dynamic network of domestic cities and international countries]( Xiaoyi Han, Yilan Xu, Linlin Fan, Yi Huang, Minhong Xu, and Song Gao Psychological and Cognitive Sciences [A large-scale study of stress, emotions, and blood pressure in daily life using a digital platform]( Amie M. Gordon and Wendy Berry Mendes [Nationwide evidence that education disrupts the intergenerational transmission of disadvantage]( Signe Hald Andersen, Leah S. Richmond-Rakerd, Terrie E. Moffitt, and Avshalom Caspi [Evidence and theory for lower rates of depression in larger US urban areas]( Andrew J. Stier, Kathryn E. Schertz, Nak Won Rim, Carlos Cardenas-Iniguez, Benjamin B. Lahey, Luís M. A. Bettencourt, and Marc G. Berman [Orthogonal neural codes for speech in the infant brain]( Giulia Gennari, Sébastien Marti, Marie Palu, Ana Fló, and Ghislaine Dehaene-Lambertz Social Sciences [Estimating SARS-CoV-2 infections from deaths, confirmed cases, tests, and random surveys]( Nicholas J. Irons and Adrian E. Raftery [A framework for localizing global climate solutions and their carbon reduction potential]( Marilyn A. Brown, Puneet Dwivedi, Sudhagar Mani, Daniel Matisoff, Jacqueline E. Mohan, Jeffrey Mullen, Michael Oxman, Michael Rodgers, Richard Simmons, Blair Beasley, and Lalith Polepeddi [Social change and cohort differences in group-based arrest trajectories over the last quarter-century]( Roland Neil, Robert J. Sampson, and Daniel S. Nagin --------------------------------------------------------------- Biological Sciences Anthropology [Rare crested rat subfossils unveil Afro–Eurasian ecological corridors synchronous with early human dispersals]( Ignacio A. Lazagabaster, Valentina Rovelli, Pierre-Henri Fabre, Roi Porat, Micka Ullman, Uri Davidovich, Tal Lavi, Amir Ganor, Eitan Klein, Keren Weiss, Perach Nuriel, Meirav Meiri, and Nimrod Marom Applied Biological Sciences [Three-dimensional label-free visualization and quantification of polyhydroxyalkanoates in individual bacterial cell in its native state]( So Young Choi, Jeonghun Oh, JaeHwang Jung, YongKeun Park, and Sang Yup Lee [Investigating lymphangiogenesis in vitro and in vivo using engineered human lymphatic vessel networks]( Shira Landau, Abigail Newman, Shlomit Edri, Inbal Michael, Shahar Ben-Shaul, Yulia Shandalov, Tom Ben-Arye, Pritinder Kaur, Ming H. Zheng, and Shulamit Levenberg [Multicomponent nature underlies the extraordinary mechanical properties of spider dragline silk]( Nobuaki Kono, Hiroyuki Nakamura, Masaru Mori, Yuki Yoshida, Rintaro Ohtoshi, Ali D. Malay, Daniel A. Pedrazzoli Moran, Masaru Tomita, Keiji Numata, and Kazuharu Arakawa Biochemistry [Single-particle diffusional fingerprinting: A machine-learning framework for quantitative analysis of heterogeneous diffusion]( Henrik D. Pinholt, Søren S.-R. Bohr, Josephine F. Iversen, Wouter Boomsma, and Nikos S. Hatzakis [High-mass MALDI-MS unravels ligand-mediated G protein–coupling selectivity to GPCRs]( Na Wu, Agnieszka M. Olechwier, Cyrill Brunner, Patricia C. Edwards, Ching-Ju Tsai, Christopher G. Tate, Gebhard F. X. Schertler, Gisbert Schneider, Xavier Deupi, Renato Zenobi, and Pikyee Ma Biophysics and Computational Biology [Predicting the SARS-CoV-2 effective reproduction number using bulk contact data from mobile phones]( Sten Rüdiger, Stefan Konigorski, Alexander Rakowski, Jonathan Antonio Edelman, Detlef Zernick, Alexander Thieme, and Christoph Lippert [Independent Markov decomposition: Toward modeling kinetics of biomolecular complexes]( Tim Hempel, Mauricio J. del Razo, Christopher T. Lee, Bryn C. Taylor, Rommie E. Amaro, and Frank Noé [Three-color single-molecule imaging reveals conformational dynamics of dynein undergoing motility]( Stefan Niekamp, Nico Stuurman, Nan Zhang, and Ronald D. Vale [Gram-negative outer-membrane proteins with multiple β-barrel domains]( Ron Solan, Joana Pereira, Andrei N. Lupas, Rachel Kolodny, and Nir Ben-Tal Cell Biology [Replication-dependent histone biosynthesis is coupled to cell-cycle commitment]( Claire Armstrong and Sabrina L. Spencer Ecology [Evidence and theory for lower rates of depression in larger US urban areas]( Andrew J. Stier, Kathryn E. Schertz, Nak Won Rim, Carlos Cardenas-Iniguez, Benjamin B. Lahey, Luís M. A. Bettencourt, and Marc G. Berman [Invader removal triggers competitive release in a threatened avian predator]( J. David Wiens, Katie M. Dugger, J. Mark Higley, Damon B. Lesmeister, Alan B. Franklin, Keith A. Hamm, Gary C. White, Krista E. Dilione, David C. Simon, Robin R. Bown, Peter C. Carlson, Charles B. Yackulic, James D. Nichols, James E. Hines, Raymond J. Davis, David W. Lamphear, Christopher McCafferty, Trent L. McDonald, and Stan G. Sovern [Imperfect comb construction reveals the architectural abilities of honeybees]( Michael L. Smith, Nils Napp, and Kirstin H. Petersen Evolution [Morphological ghosts of introgression in Darwin’s finch populations]( Peter R. Grant and B. Rosemary Grant [Longer or shorter spines: Reciprocal trait evolution in stickleback via triallelic regulatory changes in Stanniocalcin2a]( Garrett A. Roberts Kingman, David Lee, Felicity C. Jones, Danielle Desmet, Michael A. Bell, and David M. Kingsley [Increased copy number couples the evolution of plasmid horizontal transmission and plasmid-encoded antibiotic resistance]( Tatiana Dimitriu, Andrew C. Matthews, and Angus Buckling [The contribution of mutation and selection to multivariate quantitative genetic variance in an outbred population of Drosophila serrata]( Robert J. Dugand, J. David Aguirre, Emma Hine, Mark W. Blows, and Katrina McGuigan Genetics [Germ-line mutations in WDR77 predispose to familial papillary thyroid cancer]( Yanyang Zhao, Tian Yu, Jie Sun, Feiliang Wang, Chaoze Cheng, Shurong He, Lan Chen, Donghui Xie, Liping Fu, Xuhuizi Guan, An Yan, Yao Li, Gang Miao, and Xiaoquan Zhu [The p53 transcriptional response across tumor types reveals core and senescence-specific signatures modulated by long noncoding RNAs]( Ephrath Tesfaye, Elena Martinez-Terroba, Jordan Bendor, Lauren Winkler, Christiane Olivero, Kevin Chen, David M. Feldser, Jesse R. Zamudio, and Nadya Dimitrova [PolyG-DS: An ultrasensitive polyguanine tract–profiling method to detect clonal expansions and trace cell lineage]( Yuezheng Zhang, Brendan F. Kohrn, Ming Yang, Daniela Nachmanson, T. Rinda Soong, I-Hsiu Lee, Yong Tao, Hans Clevers, Elizabeth M. Swisher, Teresa A. Brentnall, Lawrence A. Loeb, Scott R. Kennedy, Jesse J. Salk, Kamila Naxerova, and Rosa Ana Risques Immunology and Inflammation [A functional mammalian display screen identifies rare antibodies that stimulate NK cell–mediated cytotoxicity]( Emily Kang, Cigall Kadoch, James L. Rubenstein, Lewis L. Lanier, and James A. Wells [Soluble mannose receptor induces proinflammatory macrophage activation and metaflammation]( Maria Embgenbroich, Hendrik J. P. van der Zande, Leonie Hussaarts, Jonas Schulte-Schrepping, Leonard R. Pelgrom, Noemí García-Tardón, Laura Schlautmann, Isabel Stoetzel, Kristian Händler, Joost M. Lambooij, Anna Zawistowska-Deniziak, Lisa Hoving, Karin de Ruiter, Marjolein Wijngaarden, Hanno Pijl, Ko Willems van Dijk, Bart Everts, Vanessa van Harmelen, Maria Yazdanbakhsh, Joachim L. Schultze, Bruno Guigas, and Sven Burgdorf [PIP4Ks impact on PI3K, FOXP3, and UHRF1 signaling and modulate human regulatory T cell proliferation and immunosuppressive activity]( Alessandro Poli, Shidqiyyah Abdul-Hamid, Antonio Enrico Zaurito, Francesca Campagnoli, Valeria Bevilacqua, Bhavwanti Sheth, Roberta Fiume, Massimiliano Pagani, Sergio Abrignani, and Nullin Divecha Medical Sciences [UDP-glucose pyrophosphorylase 2, a regulator of glycogen synthesis and glycosylation, is critical for pancreatic cancer growth]( Andrew L. Wolfe, Qingwen Zhou, Eneda Toska, Jacqueline Galeas, Angel A. Ku, Richard P. Koche, Sourav Bandyopadhyay, Maurizio Scaltriti, Carlito B. Lebrilla, Frank McCormick, and Sung Eun Kim Microbiology [Morphogenesis and cell ordering in confined bacterial biofilms]( Qiuting Zhang, Jian Li, Japinder Nijjer, Haoran Lu, Mrityunjay Kothari, Ricard Alert, Tal Cohen, and Jing Yan [A comparative metabologenomic approach reveals mechanistic insights into Streptomyces antibiotic crypticity]( Yunci Qi, Keshav K. Nepal, and Joshua A. V. Blodgett [Outer membrane permeability: Antimicrobials and diverse nutrients bypass porins in Pseudomonas aeruginosa]( Johanna Ude, Vishwachi Tripathi, Julien M. Buyck, Sandra Söderholm, Olivier Cunrath, Joseph Fanous, Beatrice Claudi, Adrian Egli, Christian Schleberger, Sebastian Hiller, and Dirk Bumann [Architecture of cell–cell junctions in situ reveals a mechanism for bacterial biofilm inhibition]( Charlotte E. Melia, Jani R. Bolla, Stefan Katharios-Lanwermeyer, Daniel B. Mihaylov, Patrick C. Hoffmann, Jiandong Huo, Michael R. Wozny, Louis M. Elfari, Jan Böhning, Ashleigh N. Morgan, Charlie J. Hitchman, Raymond J. Owens, Carol V. Robinson, George A. O’Toole, and Tanmay A. M. Bharat [Microbiota-derived metabolites inhibit Salmonella virulent subpopulation development by acting on single-cell behaviors]( Alyson M. Hockenberry, Gabriele Micali, Gabriella Takács, Jessica Weng, Wolf-Dietrich Hardt, and Martin Ackermann Neuroscience [Orthogonal neural codes for speech in the infant brain]( Giulia Gennari, Sébastien Marti, Marie Palu, Ana Fló, and Ghislaine Dehaene-Lambertz [Specific electromagnetic radiation in the wireless signal range increases wakefulness in mice]( Lingyu Liu, Hu Deng, Xiaping Tang, Yingxian Lu, Jiayao Zhou, Xiaofei Wang, Yanyu Zhao, Bing Huang, and Yigong Shi [Clinical evidence that a dysregulated master neural network modulator may aid in diagnosing schizophrenia]( Munetaka Nomoto, Glenn T. Konopaske, Naoya Yamashita, Reina Aoki, Aoi Jitsuki-Takahashi, Haruko Nakamura, Hiroko Makihara, Mari Saito, Yusuke Saigusa, Fumio Nakamura, Keisuke Watanabe, Toshihiko Baba, Francine M. Benes, Brian T. D. Tobe, Cameron D. Pernia, Joseph T. Coyle, Richard L. Sidman, Yoshio Hirayasu, Evan Y. Snyder, and Yoshio Goshima [THAP1 modulates oligodendrocyte maturation by regulating ECM degradation in lysosomes]( Dhananjay Yellajoshyula, Samuel S. Pappas, Abigail E. Rogers, Biswa Choudhury, Xylena Reed, Jinhui Ding, Mark R. Cookson, Vikram G. Shakkottai, Roman J. Giger, and William T. Dauer [Estrogens influence female itch sensitivity via the spinal gastrin-releasing peptide receptor neurons]( Keiko Takanami, Daisuke Uta, Ken Ichi Matsuda, Mitsuhiro Kawata, Earl Carstens, Tatsuya Sakamoto, and Hirotaka Sakamoto [Wild-type GBA1 increases the α-synuclein tetramer–monomer ratio, reduces lipid-rich aggregates, and attenuates motor and cognitive deficits in mice]( Kelly E. Glajch, Tim E. Moors, Yi Chen, Pascal A. Bechade, Alice Y. Nam, Molly M. Rajsombath, Thomas D. McCaffery, Ulf Dettmer, Andreas Weihofen, Warren D. Hirst, Dennis J. Selkoe, and Silke Nuber Pharmacology [GHB analogs confer neuroprotection through specific interaction with the CaMKIIα hub domain]( Ulrike Leurs, Anders B. Klein, Ethan D. McSpadden, Nane Griem-Krey, Sara M. Ø. Solbak, Josh Houlton, Inge S. Villumsen, Stine B. Vogensen, Louise Hamborg, Stine J. Gauger, Line B. Palmelund, Anne Sofie G. Larsen, Mohamed A. Shehata, Christian D. Kelstrup, Jesper V. Olsen, Anders Bach, Robert O. Burnie, D. Steven Kerr, Emma K. Gowing, Selina M. W. Teurlings, Chris C. Chi, Christine L. Gee, Bente Frølund, Birgitte R. Kornum, Geeske M. van Woerden, Rasmus P. Clausen, John Kuriyan, Andrew N. Clarkson, and Petrine Wellendorph [Cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase 1C contributes to abdominal aortic aneurysm]( Chongyang Zhang, Hongmei Zhao, Yujun Cai, Jian Xiong, Amy Mohan, Danfei Lou, Hangchuan Shi, Yishuai Zhang, Xiaochun Long, Jing Wang, and Chen Yan Physiology [The effects of graded calorie restriction XVII: Multitissue metabolomics reveals synthesis of carnitine and NAD, and tRNA charging as key pathways]( Libia Alejandra García-Flores, Cara L. Green, Sharon E. Mitchell, Daniel E. L. Promislow, David Lusseau, Alex Douglas, and John R. Speakman [Mechanoelectric coupling and arrhythmogenesis in cardiomyocytes contracting under mechanical afterload in a 3D viscoelastic hydrogel]( Bence Hegyi, Rafael Shimkunas, Zhong Jian, Leighton T. Izu, Donald M. Bers, and Ye Chen-Izu [Fli1+ cells transcriptional analysis reveals an Lmo2–Prdm16 axis in angiogenesis]( Gianfranco Matrone, Bo Xia, Kaifu Chen, Martin A. Denvir, Andrew H. Baker, and John P. Cooke Plant Biology [Cell-free reconstitution reveals the molecular mechanisms for the initiation of secondary siRNA biogenesis in plants]( Yuriki Sakurai, Kyungmin Baeg, Andy Y. W. Lam, Keisuke Shoji, Yukihide Tomari, and Hiro-oki Iwakawa Psychological and Cognitive Sciences [Asymmetry in scales enhances learning of new musical structures]( Claire Pelofi and Morwaread M. Farbood --------------------------------------------------------------- Corrections [Correction for Saiz-Lopez et al., Photochemistry of oxidized Hg(I) and Hg(II) species suggests missing mercury oxidation in the troposphere]( [Correction for Madan et al., Mutational fitness landscapes reveal genetic and structural improvement pathways for a vaccine-elicited HIV-1 broadly neutralizing antibody]( [Correction for Lucy Edwards et al., Direction of flagellum beat propagation is controlled by proximal/distal outer dynein arm asymmetry]( [Correction for Fournier et al., Predicting future invaders and future invasions]( [Correction for Wang et al., Embryonic stem cell-derived hematopoietic stem cells]( [Correction for Sun et al., Selective filtering defect at the axon initial segment in Alzheimer’s disease mouse models]( [Cover] --------------------------------------------------------------- This message was sent to {EMAIL}. [Unsubscribe]( from or [edit]( your subscription for this service. 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