PNAS Table of Contents for October 20, 2020; Vol. 117, No. 42

[PNAS] [Cozzarelli Prize Nominations](/cgi/adclick/?ad=55308&adclick=true&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.pnas.org%2Fpage%2Fabout%2Fcozzarelli-prize)   [October 20, 2020; Vol. 117, No. 42]( ) This Week in PNAS [In This Issue]( This week's research highlights --------------------------------------------------------------- Opinion [Opinion: Envisioning a biodiversity science for sustaining human well-being]( Kamaljit S. Bawa, Nandan Nawn, Ravi Chellam, Jagdish Krishnaswamy, Vinod Mathur, Shannon B. Olsson, Nitin Pandit, Prabhakar Rajagopal, Mahesh Sankaran, R. Uma Shaanker, Darshan Shankar, Uma Ramakrishnan, Abi Tamim Vanak, and Suhel Quader Leading scientists discuss current issues --------------------------------------------------------------- Inner Workings [Inner Workings: Researchers race to develop in-home testing for COVID-19, a potential game changer]( Amy McDermott An over-the-shoulder look at scientists at work --------------------------------------------------------------- Commentaries [Shedding light on manganese cycling in the early oceans]( Timothy W. Lyons, Charles W. Diamond, and Kurt O. Konhauser [Toward causality and improving external validity]( Peter Bühlmann --------------------------------------------------------------- Perspective [Placing language in an integrated understanding system: Next steps toward human-level performance in neural language models]( James L. McClelland, Felix Hill, Maja Rudolph, Jason Baldridge, and Hinrich Schütze --------------------------------------------------------------- Letters [Dangerous to claim “no clear association” between intergenerational relationships and COVID-19]( Jennifer Beam Dowd, Per Block, Valentina Rotondi, and Melinda C. Mills [Reply to Dowd et al.: Dangerous to overemphasize the importance of specific COVID-19 risk factors based on (unadjusted) macro-level analyses]( Bruno Arpino, Valeria Bordone, and Marta Pasqualini [Involvement of nasal trigeminal function in human stereo smelling]( Ilona Croy and Thomas Hummel [Reply to Croy and Hummel: Stereo smelling without involvement of nasal trigeminal function]( Yuli Wu, Yuting Ye, and Wen Zhou --------------------------------------------------------------- Brief Report [The demographic dividend is more than an education dividend]( Rainer Kotschy, Patricio Suarez Urtaza, and Uwe Sunde --------------------------------------------------------------- Physical Sciences Applied Mathematics [The turning point and end of an expanding epidemic cannot be precisely forecast]( Mario Castro, Saúl Ares, José A. Cuesta, and Susanna Manrubia Applied Physical Sciences [CO2-leakage-driven diffusiophoresis causes spontaneous accumulation of charged materials in channel flow]( Suin Shim and Howard A. Stone [Pushing the conductance and transparency limit of monolayer graphene electrodes for flexible organic light-emitting diodes]( Lai-Peng Ma, Zhongbin Wu, Lichang Yin, Dingdong Zhang, Shichao Dong, Qing Zhang, Mao-Lin Chen, Wei Ma, Zhibin Zhang, Jinhong Du, Dong-Ming Sun, Kaihui Liu, Xiangfeng Duan, Dongge Ma, Hui-Ming Cheng, and Wencai Ren Biophysics and Computational Biology [Extracellular matrix plasticity as a driver of cell spreading]( Joshua M. Grolman, Philipp Weinand, and David J. Mooney [Mechanoactivation of NOX2-generated ROS elicits persistent TRPM8 Ca2+ signals that are inhibited by oncogenic KRas]( Stephen J. P. Pratt, Rachel M. Lee, Katarina T. Chang, Erick O. Hernández-Ochoa, David A. Annis, Eleanor C. Ory, Keyata N. Thompson, Patrick C. Bailey, Trevor J. Mathias, Julia A. Ju, Michele I. Vitolo, Martin F. Schneider, Joseph P. Stains, Christopher W. Ward, and Stuart S. Martin [How the T cell signaling network processes information to discriminate between self and agonist ligands]( Raman S. Ganti, Wan-Lin Lo, Darren B. McAffee, Jay T. Groves, Arthur Weiss, and Arup K. Chakraborty [Real-time observation of ligand-induced allosteric transitions in a PDZ domain]( Olga Bozovic, Claudio Zanobini, Adnan Gulzar, Brankica Jankovic, David Buhrke, Matthias Post, Steffen Wolf, Gerhard Stock, and Peter Hamm Chemistry [Signatures of a liquid–liquid transition in an ab initio deep neural network model for water]( Thomas E. Gartner III, Linfeng Zhang, Pablo M. Piaggi, Roberto Car, Athanassios Z. Panagiotopoulos, and Pablo G. Debenedetti [Mapping the temperature-dependent and network site-specific onset of spectral diffusion at the surface of a water cluster cage]( Nan Yang, Sean C. Edington, Tae Hoon Choi, Elva V. Henderson, Joseph P. Heindel, Sotiris S. Xantheas, Kenneth D. Jordan, and Mark A. Johnson [Designing electrolytes with polymerlike glass-forming properties and fast ion transport at low temperatures]( Qing Zhao, Xiaotun Liu, Jingxu Zheng, Yue Deng, Alexander Warren, Qiyuan Zhang, and Lynden Archer Computer Sciences [A microstructural neural network biomarker for dystonia diagnosis identified by a DystoniaNet deep learning platform]( Davide Valeriani and Kristina Simonyan Earth, Atmospheric, and Planetary Sciences [The magnitude and impact of the 431 CE Tierra Blanca Joven eruption of Ilopango, El Salvador]( Victoria C. Smith, Antonio Costa, Gerardo Aguirre-Díaz, Dario Pedrazzi, Andrea Scifo, Gill Plunkett, Mattieu Poret, Pierre-Yves Tournigand, Dan Miles, Michael W. Dee, Joseph R. McConnell, Ivan Sunyé-Puchol, Pablo Dávila Harris, Michael Sigl, Jonathan R. Pilcher, Nathan Chellman, and Eduardo Gutiérrez [Natural variability of the Arctic Ocean sea ice during the present interglacial]( Anne de Vernal, Claude Hillaire-Marcel, Cynthia Le Duc, Philippe Roberge, Camille Brice, Jens Matthiessen, Robert F. Spielhagen, and Ruediger Stein [Revisiting particle dry deposition and its role in radiative effect estimates]( Ethan W. Emerson, Anna L. Hodshire, Holly M. DeBolt, Kelsey R. Bilsback, Jeffrey R. Pierce, Gavin R. McMeeking, and Delphine K. Farmer Engineering [Dynamic and reversible shape response of red blood cells in synthetic liquid crystals]( Karthik Nayani, Arthur A. Evans, Saverio E. Spagnolie, and Nicholas L. Abbott [Reinforcement learning for bluff body active flow control in experiments and simulations]( Dixia Fan, Liu Yang, Zhicheng Wang, Michael S. Triantafyllou, and George Em Karniadakis [Nonlocal elastic metasurfaces: Enabling broadband wave control via intentional nonlocality]( Hongfei Zhu, Sansit Patnaik, Timothy F. Walsh, Bradley H. Jared, and Fabio Semperlotti Physics [Reduced volume and reflection for bright optical tweezers with radial Laguerre–Gauss beams]( J.-B. Béguin, J. Laurat, X. Luan, A. P. Burgers, Z. Qin, and H. J. Kimble [Path identity as a source of high-dimensional entanglement]( Jaroslav Kysela, Manuel Erhard, Armin Hochrainer, Mario Krenn, and Anton Zeilinger [Dynamical structure factors of dynamical quantum simulators]( Maria Laura Baez, Marcel Goihl, Jonas Haferkamp, Juani Bermejo-Vega, Marek Gluza, and Jens Eisert [Layer-dependent topological phase in a two-dimensional quasicrystal and approximant]( Jeffrey D. Cain, Amin Azizi, Matthias Conrad, Sinéad M. Griffin, and Alex Zettl [Imaging the Holon string of the Hubbard model]( Tin-Lun Ho Sustainability Science [Peak grain forecasts for the US High Plains amid withering waters]( Assaad Mrad, Gabriel G. Katul, Delphis F. Levia, Andrew J. Guswa, Elizabeth W. Boyer, Michael Bruen, Darryl E. Carlyle-Moses, Rachel Coyte, Irena F. Creed, Nick van de Giesen, Domenico Grasso, David M. Hannah, Janice E. Hudson, Vincent Humphrey, Shin’ichi Iida, Robert B. Jackson, Tomo’omi Kumagai, Pilar Llorens, Beate Michalzik, Kazuki Nanko, Catherine A. Peters, John S. Selker, Doerthe Tetzlaff, Maciej Zalewski, and Bridget R. Scanlon [Maximizing the value of forest restoration for tropical mammals by detecting three-dimensional habitat associations]( Nicolas J. Deere, Gurutzeta Guillera-Arroita, Tom Swinfield, David T. Milodowski, David A. Coomes, Henry Bernard, Glen Reynolds, Zoe G. Davies, and Matthew J. Struebig --------------------------------------------------------------- Social Sciences Environmental Sciences [Global COVID-19 pandemic demands joint interventions for the suppression of future waves]( Ruiyun Li, Bin Chen, Tao Zhang, Zhehao Ren, Yimeng Song, Yixiong Xiao, Lin Hou, Jun Cai, Bo Xu, Miao Li, Karen Kie Yan Chan, Ying Tu, Mu Yang, Jing Yang, Zhaoyang Liu, Chong Shen, Che Wang, Lei Xu, Qiyong Liu, Shuming Bao, Jianqin Zhang, Yuhai Bi, Yuqi Bai, Ke Deng, Wusheng Zhang, Wenyu Huang, Jason D. Whittington, Nils Chr. Stenseth, Dabo Guan, Peng Gong, and Bing Xu Psychological and Cognitive Sciences [The logic of universalization guides moral judgment]( Sydney Levine, Max Kleiman-Weiner, Laura Schulz, Joshua Tenenbaum, and Fiery Cushman [Extrahypothalamic oxytocin neurons drive stress-induced social vigilance and avoidance]( Natalia Duque-Wilckens, Lisette Y. Torres, Sae Yokoyama, Vanessa A. Minie, Amy M. Tran, Stela P. Petkova, Rebecca Hao, Stephanie Ramos-Maciel, Roberto A. Rios, Kenneth Jackson, Francisco J. Flores-Ramirez, Israel Garcia-Carachure, Patricia A. Pesavento, Sergio D. Iñiguez, Valery Grinevich, and Brian C. Trainor Social Sciences [Cross-level sociodemographic homogeneity alters individual risk for completed suicide]( Bernice A. Pescosolido, Byungkyu Lee, and Karen Kafadar --------------------------------------------------------------- Biological Sciences Agricultural Sciences [The scale dependency of spatial crop species diversity and its relation to temporal diversity]( Fernando Aramburu Merlos and Robert J. Hijmans Anthropology [Neutral evolution of human enamel–dentine junction morphology]( Tesla A. Monson, Diego Fecker, and Marc Scherrer Applied Biological Sciences [Extracellular matrix plasticity as a driver of cell spreading]( Joshua M. Grolman, Philipp Weinand, and David J. Mooney [The turning point and end of an expanding epidemic cannot be precisely forecast]( Mario Castro, Saúl Ares, José A. Cuesta, and Susanna Manrubia [Heterologous microProtein expression identifies LITTLE NINJA, a dominant regulator of jasmonic acid signaling]( Shin-Young Hong, Bin Sun, Daniel Straub, Anko Blaakmeer, Lorenzo Mineri, Jonas Koch, Henrik Brinch-Pedersen, Inger B. Holme, Meike Burow, Hans Jørgen Lyngs Jørgensen, M. Mar Albà, and Stephan Wenkel Biochemistry [Phase separation by ssDNA binding protein controlled via protein−protein and protein−DNA interactions]( Gábor M. Harami, Zoltán J. Kovács, Rita Pancsa, János Pálinkás, Veronika Baráth, Krisztián Tárnok, András Málnási-Csizmadia, and Mihály Kovács Biophysics and Computational Biology [Exploring the activation pathway and Gi-coupling specificity of the μ-opioid receptor]( Dibyendu Mondal, Vesselin Kolev, and Arieh Warshel [An intrinsically disordered motif regulates the interaction between the p47 adaptor and the p97 AAA+ ATPase]( Alexander E. Conicella, Rui Huang, Zev A. Ripstein, Ai Nguyen, Eric Wang, Thomas Löhr, Peter Schuck, Michele Vendruscolo, John L. Rubinstein, and Lewis E. Kay [Crystal structure of tomato spotted wilt virus GN reveals a dimer complex formation and evolutionary link to animal-infecting viruses]( Yoav Bahat, Joel Alter, and Moshe Dessau [Cryo-EM structures reveal distinct mechanisms of inhibition of the human multidrug transporter ABCB1]( Kamil Nosol, Ksenija Romane, Rossitza N. Irobalieva, Amer Alam, Julia Kowal, Naoya Fujita, and Kaspar P. Locher Cell Biology [Mechanoactivation of NOX2-generated ROS elicits persistent TRPM8 Ca2+ signals that are inhibited by oncogenic KRas]( Stephen J. P. Pratt, Rachel M. Lee, Katarina T. Chang, Erick O. Hernández-Ochoa, David A. Annis, Eleanor C. Ory, Keyata N. Thompson, Patrick C. Bailey, Trevor J. Mathias, Julia A. Ju, Michele I. Vitolo, Martin F. Schneider, Joseph P. Stains, Christopher W. Ward, and Stuart S. Martin Ecology [Maximizing the value of forest restoration for tropical mammals by detecting three-dimensional habitat associations]( Nicolas J. Deere, Gurutzeta Guillera-Arroita, Tom Swinfield, David T. Milodowski, David A. Coomes, Henry Bernard, Glen Reynolds, Zoe G. Davies, and Matthew J. Struebig [Comparative isotope ecology of western Amazonian rainforest mammals]( Julia V. Tejada, John J. Flynn, Pierre-Olivier Antoine, Victor Pacheco, Rodolfo Salas-Gismondi, and Thure E. Cerling Evolution [Dynamic evolution of great ape Y chromosomes]( Monika Cechova, Rahulsimham Vegesna, Marta Tomaszkiewicz, Robert S. Harris, Di Chen, Samarth Rangavittal, Paul Medvedev, and Kateryna D. Makova [Disproportionate extinction of South American mammals drove the asymmetry of the Great American Biotic Interchange]( Juan D. Carrillo, Søren Faurby, Daniele Silvestro, Alexander Zizka, Carlos Jaramillo, Christine D. Bacon, and Alexandre Antonelli Genetics [Genomic diversity generated by a transposable element burst in a rice recombinant inbred population]( Jinfeng Chen, Lu Lu, Sofia M. C. Robb, Matthew Collin, Yutaka Okumoto, Jason E. Stajich, and Susan R. Wessler [Normal levels of ribosome-associated chaperones cure two groups of [PSI+] prion variants]( Moonil Son and Reed B. Wickner [Genome mapping of a LYST mutation in corn snakes indicates that vertebrate chromatophore vesicles are lysosome-related organelles]( Asier Ullate-Agote, Ingrid Burgelin, Adrien Debry, Carine Langrez, Florent Montange, Rodrigue Peraldi, Jean Daraspe, Henrik Kaessmann, Michel C. Milinkovitch, and Athanasia C. Tzika Immunology and Inflammation [How the T cell signaling network processes information to discriminate between self and agonist ligands]( Raman S. Ganti, Wan-Lin Lo, Darren B. McAffee, Jay T. Groves, Arthur Weiss, and Arup K. Chakraborty [Rewiring of B cell receptor signaling by Epstein–Barr virus LMP2A]( Kamonwan Fish, Federico Comoglio, Arthur L. Shaffer III, Yanlong Ji, Kuan-Ting Pan, Sebastian Scheich, Angelika Oellerich, Carmen Doebele, Masato Ikeda, Samantha J. Schaller, Hang Nguyen, Jagan Muppidi, George W. Wright, Henning Urlaub, Hubert Serve, Louis M. Staudt, Richard Longnecker, and Thomas Oellerich [The transcription factor C/EBPβ orchestrates dendritic cell maturation and functionality under homeostatic and malignant conditions]( Florian Scholz, Michael Grau, Lutz Menzel, Annika Graband, Myroslav Zapukhlyak, Achim Leutz, Martin Janz, Georg Lenz, Armin Rehm, and Uta E. Höpken Medical Sciences [Mutational landscape and clinical outcome of patients with de novo acute myeloid leukemia and rearrangements involving 11q23/KMT2A]( Marius Bill, Krzysztof Mrózek, Jessica Kohlschmidt, Ann-Kathrin Eisfeld, Christopher J. Walker, Deedra Nicolet, Dimitrios Papaioannou, James S. Blachly, Shelley Orwick, Andrew J. Carroll, Jonathan E. Kolitz, Bayard L. Powell, Richard M. Stone, Albert de la Chapelle, John C. Byrd, and Clara D. Bloomfield [Estrogen receptor β regulates AKT activity through up-regulation of INPP4B and inhibits migration of prostate cancer cell line PC-3]( Surendra Chaurasiya, Wanfu Wu, Anders M. Strom, Margaret Warner, and Jan-Åke Gustafsson [Rational combination therapy for hepatocellular carcinoma with PARP1 and DNA-PK inhibitors]( Chen Wang, Huanyin Tang, Anke Geng, Binghua Dai, Haiping Zhang, Xiaoxiang Sun, Yu Chen, Zhibing Qiao, Hong Zhu, Jiamei Yang, Jiayu Chen, Qizhi He, Nan Qin, Jinru Xie, Rong Tan, Xiaoping Wan, Shaorong Gao, Ying Jiang, Fang-Lin Sun, and Zhiyong Mao Microbiology [Segregation of four Agrobacterium tumefaciens replicons during polar growth: PopZ and PodJ control segregation of essential replicons]( J. S. Robalino-Espinosa, J. R. Zupan, A. Chavez-Arroyo, and P. Zambryski [Convergent evolution of zoonotic Brucella species toward the selective use of the pentose phosphate pathway]( Arnaud Machelart, Kevin Willemart, Amaia Zúñiga-Ripa, Thibault Godard, Hubert Plovier, Christoph Wittmann, Ignacio Moriyón, Xavier De Bolle, Emile Van Schaftingen, Jean-Jacques Letesson, and Thibault Barbier [Experimental infection of domestic dogs and cats with SARS-CoV-2: Pathogenesis, transmission, and response to reexposure in cats]( Angela M. Bosco-Lauth, Airn E. Hartwig, Stephanie M. Porter, Paul W. Gordy, Mary Nehring, Alex D. Byas, Sue VandeWoude, Izabela K. Ragan, Rachel M. Maison, and Richard A. Bowen [Agrobacterium-delivered VirE2 interacts with host nucleoporin CG1 to facilitate the nuclear import of VirE2-coated T complex]( Xiaoyang Li, Qinghua Yang, Ling Peng, Haitao Tu, Lan-Ying Lee, Stanton B. Gelvin, and Shen Q. Pan Neuroscience [A microstructural neural network biomarker for dystonia diagnosis identified by a DystoniaNet deep learning platform]( Davide Valeriani and Kristina Simonyan [Extrahypothalamic oxytocin neurons drive stress-induced social vigilance and avoidance]( Natalia Duque-Wilckens, Lisette Y. Torres, Sae Yokoyama, Vanessa A. Minie, Amy M. Tran, Stela P. Petkova, Rebecca Hao, Stephanie Ramos-Maciel, Roberto A. Rios, Kenneth Jackson, Francisco J. Flores-Ramirez, Israel Garcia-Carachure, Patricia A. Pesavento, Sergio D. Iñiguez, Valery Grinevich, and Brian C. Trainor [Chronicling changes in the somatosensory neurons after peripheral nerve injury]( Shrinivasan Raghuraman, Jennifer Y. Xie, Mario J. Giacobassi, Jortan O. Tun, Kevin Chase, Dong Lu, Russell W. Teichert, Frank Porreca, and Baldomero M. Olivera [Point process temporal structure characterizes electrodermal activity]( Sandya Subramanian, Riccardo Barbieri, and Emery N. Brown [Primary and secondary motoneurons use different calcium channel types to control escape and swimming behaviors in zebrafish]( Hua Wen, Kazumi Eckenstein, Vivien Weihrauch, Christian Stigloher, and Paul Brehm [Metformin rescues Parkinson’s disease phenotypes caused by hyperactive mitochondria]( Danielle E. Mor, Salman Sohrabi, Rachel Kaletsky, William Keyes, Alp Tartici, Vrinda Kalia, Gary W. Miller, and Coleen T. Murphy [Neddylation is critical to cortical development by regulating Wnt/β-catenin signaling]( Lei Zhang, Hongyang Jing, Haiwen Li, Wenbing Chen, Bin Luo, Hongsheng Zhang, Zhaoqi Dong, Lei Li, Huabo Su, Wen-Cheng Xiong, and Lin Mei [Neuroadaptations in the dorsal hippocampus underlie cocaine seeking during prolonged abstinence]( Craig T. Werner, Swarup Mitra, Benjamin D. Auerbach, Zi-Jun Wang, Jennifer A. Martin, Andrew F. Stewart, Pedro H. Gobira, Madoka Iida, Chunna An, Moriah M. Cobb, Aaron Caccamise, Richard J. Salvi, Rachael L. Neve, Amy M. Gancarz, and David M. Dietz Physiology [Adhesion-GPCR Gpr116 (ADGRF5) expression inhibits renal acid secretion]( Nathan A. Zaidman, Viktor N. Tomilin, Naghmeh Hassanzadeh Khayyat, Mahendra Damarla, Josephine Tidmore, Diane E. Capen, Dennis Brown, Oleh M. Pochynyuk, and Jennifer L. Pluznick [Fecal transplantation and butyrate improve neuropathic pain, modify immune cell profile, and gene expression in the PNS of obese mice]( Raiza R. Bonomo, Tyler M. Cook, Chaitanya K. Gavini, Chelsea R. White, Jacob R. Jones, Elisa Bovo, Aleksey V. Zima, Isabelle A. Brown, Lara R. Dugas, Eleonora Zakharian, Gregory Aubert, Francis Alonzo III, Nigel A. Calcutt, and Virginie Mansuy-Aubert [An inhibitor of endothelial ETS transcription factors promotes physiologic and therapeutic vessel regression]( Christopher M. Schafer, Jami M. Gurley, Katarzyna Kurylowicz, Prisca K. Lin, Wen Chen, Michael H. Elliott, George E. Davis, Faizah Bhatti, and Courtney T. Griffin Plant Biology [Inactivation of rice starch branching enzyme IIb triggers broad and unexpected changes in metabolism by transcriptional reprogramming]( Can Baysal, Wenshu He, Margit Drapal, Gemma Villorbina, Vicente Medina, Teresa Capell, Gurdev S. Khush, Changfu Zhu, Paul D. Fraser, and Paul Christou Sustainability Science [Evolved differences in energy metabolism and growth dictate the impacts of ocean acidification on abalone aquaculture]( Daniel S. Swezey, Sara E. Boles, Kristin M. Aquilino, Haley K. Stott, Doug Bush, Andrew Whitehead, Laura Rogers-Bennett, Tessa M. Hill, and Eric Sanford Systems Biology [Posttranscriptional regulation of human endogenous retroviruses by RNA-binding motif protein 4, RBM4]( Amir K. Foroushani, Bryan Chim, Madeline Wong, Andre Rastegar, Patrick T. Smith, Saifeng Wang, Kent Barbian, Craig Martens, Markus Hafner, and Stefan A. Muljo --------------------------------------------------------------- Corrections [Correction for Huang et al., Catalytic prior distributions with application to generalized linear models]( [Correction for Byers-Heinlein et al., Bilingual infants control their languages as they listen]( [Correction for Vogt et al., Intergenerational resource sharing and mortality in a global perspective]( [Correction for Wang et al., Regenerative therapy based on miRNA-302 mimics for enhancing host recovery from pneumonia caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae]( [Cover] --------------------------------------------------------------- This message was sent to {EMAIL}. [Unsubscribe]( from or [edit]( your subscription for this service. Or by mail: Customer Service * 15575-A Los Gatos Blvd * Los Gatos, CA 95032 * U.S.A. Copyright © 2020 by the National Academy of Sciences