PNAS Table of Contents for April 21, 2020; Vol. 117, No. 16

[PNAS] [Archaeology, Climate, and Global Change eTOC](/cgi/adclick/?ad=54874&adclick=true&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.pnas.org%2Fcontent%2F117%2F15%2F8250)   [April 21, 2020; Vol. 117, No. 16]( ) This Week in PNAS [In This Issue]( --------------------------------------------------------------- Opinion [Opinion: Why carbon pricing is not sufficient to mitigate climate change—and how “sustainability transition policy” can help]( Daniel Rosenbloom, Jochen Markard, Frank W. Geels, and Lea Fuenfschilling Leading scientists discuss current issues. --------------------------------------------------------------- Commentaries [Identifying the pathways that control resource allocation in higher plants]( Daniel R. Bush [From photosynthesis to photocatalysis: Dual catalytic oxidation/reduction in one system]( Lin X. Chen [Protein conformations à la carte, a step further in de novo protein design]( Faruck Morcos [On the enigma of dating the Minoan eruption of Santorini]( Walter Kutschera [The role of the iterative modules in polyketide synthase evolution]( Martin Grininger --------------------------------------------------------------- Perspective [Earth 2020: Science, society, and sustainability in the Anthropocene]( Philippe D. Tortell --------------------------------------------------------------- Letters [The phylogenetic tree of boosting has a bushy carriage but a single trunk]( Richard Nock and Frank Nielsen [Reply to Nock and Nielsen: On the work of Nock and Nielsen and its relationship to the additive tree]( Gilmer Valdes, José Marcio Luna, Efstathios D. Gennatas, Lyle H. Ungar, Eric Eaton, Eric S. Diffenderfer, Shane T. Jensen, Charles B. Simone II, Jerome H. Friedman, and Timothy D. Solberg [Replications provide mixed evidence that inequality moderates the association between income and generosity]( Stéphane Côté and Robb Willer [Reply to Côté and Willer: New replication attempts provide no evidence that inequality moderates the effect of income on generosity]( Stefan C. Schmukle and Boris Egloff --------------------------------------------------------------- Physical Sciences Applied Physical Sciences [Scale-free, programmable design of morphable chain loops of kilobots and colloidal motors]( Mayank Agrawal and Sharon C. Glotzer Biophysics and Computational Biology [Actuation and locomotion driven by moisture in paper made with natural pollen]( Ze Zhao, Youngkyu Hwang, Yun Yang, Tengfei Fan, Juha Song, Subra Suresh, and Nam-Joon Cho [Computational design of probes to detect bacterial genomes by multivalent binding]( Tine Curk, Chris A. Brackley, James D. Farrell, Zhongyang Xing, Darshana Joshi, Susana Direito, Urban Bren, Stefano Angioletti-Uberti, Jure Dobnikar, Erika Eiser, Daan Frenkel, and Rosalind J. Allen [A model for the interplay between plastic tradeoffs and evolution in changing environments]( Mikhail Tikhonov, Shamit Kachru, and Daniel S. Fisher Chemistry [Ultratough graphene–black phosphorus films]( Tianzhu Zhou, Hong Ni, Yanlei Wang, Chao Wu, Hao Zhang, Jianqi Zhang, Antoni P. Tomsia, Lei Jiang, and Qunfeng Cheng [Pressure-induced amorphization and existence of molecular and polymeric amorphous forms in dense SO2]( Huichao Zhang, Ondrej Tóth, Xiao-Di Liu, Roberto Bini, Eugene Gregoryanz, Philip Dalladay-Simpson, Simone De Panfilis, Mario Santoro, Federico Aiace Gorelli, and Roman Martoňák Earth, Atmospheric, and Planetary Sciences [The carbon content of Earth and its core]( Rebecca A. Fischer, Elizabeth Cottrell, Erik Hauri, Kanani K. M. Lee, and Marion Le Voyer [Depth-dependent soil mixing persists across climate zones]( Harrison J. Gray, Amanda Keen-Zebert, David J. Furbish, Gregory E. Tucker, and Shannon A. Mahan [Dry and moist dynamics shape regional patterns of extreme precipitation sensitivity]( Ji Nie, Panxi Dai, and Adam H. Sobel Engineering [Multifunctional composites for elastic and electromagnetic wave propagation]( Jaeuk Kim and Salvatore Torquato Environmental Sciences [The spatiotemporal spread of human migrations during the European Holocene]( Fernando Racimo, Jessie Woodbridge, Ralph M. Fyfe, Martin Sikora, Karl-Göran Sjögren, Kristian Kristiansen, and Marc Vander Linden Physics [Signature of a pair of Majorana zero modes in superconducting gold surface states]( Sujit Manna, Peng Wei, Yingming Xie, Kam Tuen Law, Patrick A. Lee, and Jagadeesh S. Moodera [Room-temperature skyrmion phase in bulk Cu2OSeO3 under high pressures]( Liangzi Deng, Hung-Cheng Wu, Alexander P. Litvinchuk, Noah F. Q. Yuan, Jey-Jau Lee, Rabin Dahal, Helmuth Berger, Hung-Duen Yang, and Ching-Wu Chu [Coherent modulation of the electron temperature and electron–phonon couplings in a 2D material]( Yingchao Zhang, Xun Shi, Wenjing You, Zhensheng Tao, Yigui Zhong, Fairoja Cheenicode Kabeer, Pablo Maldonado, Peter M. Oppeneer, Michael Bauer, Kai Rossnagel, Henry Kapteyn, and Margaret Murnane --------------------------------------------------------------- Social Sciences Economic Sciences [The impact of penalties for wrong answers on the gender gap in test scores]( Katherine B. Coffman and David Klinowski Environmental Sciences [The European Union Emissions Trading System reduced CO2 emissions despite low prices]( Patrick Bayer and Michaël Aklin [Human settlement of East Polynesia earlier, incremental, and coincident with prolonged South Pacific drought]( David A. Sear, Melinda S. Allen, Jonathan D. Hassall, Ashley E. Maloney, Peter G. Langdon, Alex E. Morrison, Andrew C. G. Henderson, Helen Mackay, Ian W. Croudace, Charlotte Clarke, Julian P. Sachs, Georgiana Macdonald, Richard C. Chiverrell, Melanie J. Leng, L. M. Cisneros-Dozal, and Thierry Fonville Psychological and Cognitive Sciences [Inconsistent allocations of harms versus benefits may exacerbate environmental inequality]( Tamar Makov, George E. Newman, and Gal Zauberman [Scaling up psychology via Scientific Regret Minimization]( Mayank Agrawal, Joshua C. Peterson, and Thomas L. Griffiths Social Sciences [Latinos’ deportation fears by citizenship and legal status, 2007 to 2018]( Asad L. Asad --------------------------------------------------------------- Biological Sciences Applied Biological Sciences [Actuation and locomotion driven by moisture in paper made with natural pollen]( Ze Zhao, Youngkyu Hwang, Yun Yang, Tengfei Fan, Juha Song, Subra Suresh, and Nam-Joon Cho Biochemistry [Expanding the genetic code of the human hematopoietic system]( Sida Shao, Minseob Koh, and Peter G. Schultz [Reconstitution of polythioamide antibiotic backbone formation reveals unusual thiotemplated assembly strategy]( Kyle L. Dunbar, Maria Dell, Finn Gude, and Christian Hertweck [CtIP promotes the motor activity of DNA2 to accelerate long-range DNA end resection]( Ilaria Ceppi, Sean M. Howard, Kristina Kasaciunaite, Cosimo Pinto, Roopesh Anand, Ralf Seidel, and Petr Cejka Biophysics and Computational Biology [Modular repeat protein sculpting using rigid helical junctions]( TJ Brunette, Matthew J. Bick, Jesse M. Hansen, Cameron M. Chow, Justin M. Kollman, and David Baker [Tubulin tails and their modifications regulate protein diffusion on microtubules]( Lavi S. Bigman and Yaakov Levy [Kinetic control of stationary flux ratios for a wide range of biochemical processes]( Joel D. Mallory, Anatoly B. Kolomeisky, and Oleg A. Igoshin [Cryo-EM structure of eastern equine encephalitis virus in complex with heparan sulfate analogues]( Chun-Liang Chen, S. Saif Hasan, Thomas Klose, Yingyuan Sun, Geeta Buda, Chengqun Sun, William B. Klimstra, and Michael G. Rossmann Cell Biology [Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase inhibition activates a pathway that branches from the canonical amino acid response in mammalian cells]( Yeonjin Kim, Mark S. Sundrud, Changqian Zhou, Maja Edenius, Davide Zocco, Kristen Powers, Miao Zhang, Ralph Mazitschek, Anjana Rao, Chang-Yeol Yeo, Erika H. Noss, Michael B. Brenner, Malcolm Whitman, and Tracy L. Keller [Primary cilia control glucose homeostasis via islet paracrine interactions]( Jing W. Hughes, Jung Hoon Cho, Hannah E. Conway, Michael R. DiGruccio, Xue Wen Ng, Henry F. Roseman, Damien Abreu, Fumihiko Urano, and David W. Piston [Hog1 activation delays mitotic exit via phosphorylation of Net1]( Silvia Tognetti, Javier Jiménez, Matteo Viganò, Alba Duch, Ethel Queralt, Eulàlia de Nadal, and Francesc Posas Evolution [A model for the interplay between plastic tradeoffs and evolution in changing environments]( Mikhail Tikhonov, Shamit Kachru, and Daniel S. Fisher [Bacterial flagellar motor PL-ring disassembly subcomplexes are widespread and ancient]( Mohammed Kaplan, Michael J. Sweredoski, João P. G. L. M. Rodrigues, Elitza I. Tocheva, Yi-Wei Chang, Davi R. Ortega, Morgan Beeby, and Grant J. Jensen [Exceptional diversity of opsin expression patterns in Neogonodactylus oerstedii (Stomatopoda) retinas]( Megan L. Porter, Hiroko Awata, Michael J. Bok, and Thomas W. Cronin [Convergent evolution of olfactory and thermoregulatory capacities in small amphibious mammals]( Quentin Martinez, Julien Clavel, Jacob A. Esselstyn, Anang S. Achmadi, Camille Grohé, Nelly Pirot, and Pierre-Henri Fabre [Aquatic stem group myriapods close a gap between molecular divergence dates and the terrestrial fossil record]( Gregory D. Edgecombe, Christine Strullu-Derrien, Tomasz Góral, Alexander J. Hetherington, Christine Thompson, and Markus Koch [Trade-off between somatic and germline repair in a vertebrate supports the expensive germ line hypothesis]( Hwei-yen Chen, Cecile Jolly, Kasparas Bublys, Daniel Marcu, and Simone Immler [Derived alleles of two axis proteins affect meiotic traits in autotetraploid Arabidopsis arenosa]( Chris Morgan, Huakun Zhang, Clare E. Henry, F. Chris H. Franklin, and Kirsten Bomblies Genetics [The spatiotemporal spread of human migrations during the European Holocene]( Fernando Racimo, Jessie Woodbridge, Ralph M. Fyfe, Martin Sikora, Karl-Göran Sjögren, Kristian Kristiansen, and Marc Vander Linden [Mapping the cis-regulatory architecture of the human retina reveals noncoding genetic variation in disease]( Timothy J. Cherry, Marty G. Yang, David A. Harmin, Peter Tao, Andrew E. Timms, Miriam Bauwens, Rando Allikmets, Evan M. Jones, Rui Chen, Elfride De Baere, and Michael E. Greenberg [Gene drive and resilience through renewal with next generation Cleave and Rescue selfish genetic elements]( Georg Oberhofer, Tobin Ivy, and Bruce A. Hay [The T1D-associated lncRNA Lnc13 modulates human pancreatic β cell inflammation by allele-specific stabilization of STAT1 mRNA]( Itziar Gonzalez-Moro, Ane Olazagoitia-Garmendia, Maikel L. Colli, Nadia Cobo-Vuilleumier, Thomas S. Postler, Lorella Marselli, Piero Marchetti, Sankar Ghosh, Benoit R. Gauthier, Decio L. Eizirik, Ainara Castellanos-Rubio, and Izortze Santin [Cell-autonomous expression of the acid hydrolase galactocerebrosidase]( Christina R. Mikulka, Joshua T. Dearborn, Bruno A. Benitez, Amy Strickland, Lin Liu, Jeffrey Milbrandt, and Mark S. Sands Immunology and Inflammation [Noncoding RNA MaIL1 is an integral component of the TLR4–TRIF pathway]( Marina Aznaourova, Harshavardhan Janga, Stephanie Sefried, Andreas Kaufmann, Jens Dorna, Sarah M. Volkers, Philipp Georg, Marcus Lechner, Judith Hoppe, Simon Dökel, Nils Schmerer, Achim D. Gruber, Uwe Linne, Stefan Bauer, Leif E. Sander, Bernd Schmeck, and Leon N. Schulte [Combined proinflammatory cytokine and cognate activation of invariant natural killer T cells enhances anti-DNA antibody responses]( Saikiran K. Sedimbi, Thomas Hägglöf, Manasa G. Garimella, Shan Wang, Amanda Duhlin, Ana Coelho, Katrine Ingelshed, Emma Mondoc, Stephen G. Malin, Rikard Holmdahl, David P. Lane, Elizabeth A. Leadbetter, and Mikael C. I. Karlsson Medical Sciences [PHIP drives glioblastoma motility and invasion by regulating the focal adhesion complex]( David de Semir, Vladimir Bezrookove, Mehdi Nosrati, Kara R. Scanlon, Eric Singer, Jonathon Judkins, Christopher Rieken, Clayton Wu, Julia Shen, Christina Schmudermayer, Altaf A. Dar, James R. Miller III, Charles Cobbs, Garret Yount, Pierre-Yves Desprez, Robert J. Debs, Nathan Salomonis, Sean McAllister, James E. Cleaver, Liliana Soroceanu, and Mohammed Kashani-Sabet Microbiology [A common polymorphism in the mechanosensitive ion channel PIEZO1 is associated with protection from severe malaria in humans]( Christian N. Nguetse, Natasha Purington, Emily R. Ebel, Bikash Shakya, Marilou Tetard, Peter G. Kremsner, Thirumalaisamy P. Velavan, and Elizabeth S. Egan Neuroscience [A dual effect of ursolic acid to the treatment of multiple sclerosis through both immunomodulation and direct remyelination]( Yuan Zhang, Xing Li, Bogoljub Ciric, Mark T. Curtis, Wan-Jun Chen, Abdolmohamad Rostami, and Guang-Xian Zhang [Activity in grafted human iPS cell–derived cortical neurons integrated in stroke-injured rat brain regulates motor behavior]( Sara Palma-Tortosa, Daniel Tornero, Marita Grønning Hansen, Emanuela Monni, Mazin Hajy, Sopiko Kartsivadze, Sibel Aktay, Oleg Tsupykov, Malin Parmar, Karl Deisseroth, Galyna Skibo, Olle Lindvall, and Zaal Kokaia Plant Biology [A Sec14 domain protein is required for photoautotrophic growth and chloroplast vesicle formation in Arabidopsis thaliana]( Alexander P. Hertle, José G. García-Cerdán, Ute Armbruster, Robert Shih, Jimmy J. Lee, Winnie Wong, and Krishna K. Niyogi [Distinct modes of manipulation of rice auxin response factor OsARF17 by different plant RNA viruses for infection]( Hehong Zhang, Lulu Li, Yuqing He, Qingqing Qin, Changhai Chen, Zhongyan Wei, Xiaoxiang Tan, Kaili Xie, Ruifang Zhang, Gaojie Hong, Jing Li, Junmin Li, Chengqi Yan, Fei Yan, Yi Li, Jianping Chen, and Zongtao Sun Population Biology [Projecting hospital utilization during the COVID-19 outbreaks in the United States]( Seyed M. Moghadas, Affan Shoukat, Meagan C. Fitzpatrick, Chad R. Wells, Pratha Sah, Abhishek Pandey, Jeffrey D. Sachs, Zheng Wang, Lauren A. Meyers, Burton H. Singer, and Alison P. Galvani --------------------------------------------------------------- Correction [Correction for Johnson et al., Officer characteristics and racial disparities in fatal officer-involved shootings]( [Cover] --------------------------------------------------------------- This message was sent to {EMAIL}. [Unsubscribe]( from or [edit]( your subscription for this service. 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