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 [November 19, 2019; Vol. 116, No. 47](
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This Week in PNAS
[In This Issue](
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Core Concepts
[Core Concept: What are the chances of a hazardous solar superflare?](
Stephen Battersby
A brief introduction to emerging topics in science.
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QnAs
[QnAs with Sheng Yang He](
Sandeep Ravindran
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Commentaries
[Lasting coastal hazards from past greenhouse gas emissions](
Tony E. Wong
[SOD2 acetylation and deacetylation: Another tale of Jekyll and Hyde in cancer](
Anita B. Hjelmeland and Rakesh P. Patel
[Feasting yeast and the sweetness of diversity](
Mark A. Lewis
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Letters
[The harmonic mean p-value: Strong versus weak control, and the assumption of independence](
Jelle J. Goeman, Jonathan D. Rosenblatt, and Thomas E. Nichols
[Reply to Goeman et al.: Trade-offs in model averaging using multilevel tests](
Daniel J. Wilson
[Evolution of the human MHC: New haplotype frequency analysis is not informative](
Philip W. Hedrick and William Klitz
[Reply to Hedrick and Klitz: High haplotype discovery rate in the HLA locus](
Yoram Louzoun, Alexander E. Lobkovsky, Lee Levi, Yuri I. Wolf, Martin Maiers, Loren Gragert, Idan Alter, and Eugene V. Koonin
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Physical Sciences
Applied Mathematics
[Message passing on networks with loops](
George T. Cantwell and M. E. J. Newman
[Markovian approaches to modeling intracellular reaction processes with molecular memory](
Jiajun Zhang and Tianshou Zhou
Applied Physical Sciences
[Pressure-induced semiconductor-to-metal phase transition of a charge-ordered indium halide perovskite](
Jia Lin, Hong Chen, Yang Gao, Yao Cai, Jianbo Jin, Ahmed S. Etman, Joohoon Kang, Teng Lei, Zhenni Lin, Maria C. Folgueras, Li Na Quan, Qiao Kong, Matthew Sherburne, Mark Asta, Junliang Sun, Michael F. Toney, Junqiao Wu, and Peidong Yang
[Nucleation and dissociation of methane clathrate embryo at the gas–water interface](
Rongda Liang, Huijie Xu, Yuneng Shen, Shumei Sun, Jiyu Xu, Sheng Meng, Y. Ron Shen, and Chuanshan Tian
[Nonequilibrium site distribution governs charge-transfer electroluminescence at disordered organic heterointerfaces](
Armantas Melianas, Nikolaos Felekidis, Yuttapoom Puttisong, Stefan C. J. Meskers, Olle Inganäs, Weimin M. Chen, and Martijn Kemerink
Biophysics and Computational Biology
[Pericytes enable effective angiogenesis in the presence of proinflammatory signals](
Tae-Yun Kang, Federico Bocci, Mohit Kumar Jolly, Herbert Levine, José Nelson Onuchic, and Andre Levchenko
[Defining the layers of a sensory cilium with STORM and cryoelectron nanoscopy](
Michael A. Robichaux, Valencia L. Potter, Zhixian Zhang, Feng He, Jun Liu, Michael F. Schmid, and Theodore G. Wensel
[Cooperation mitigates diversity loss in a spatially expanding microbial population](
Saurabh R. Gandhi, Kirill S. Korolev, and Jeff Gore
Chemistry
[N,N′-Diacetyl-p-phenylenediamine restores microglial phagocytosis and improves cognitive defects in Alzheimer’s disease transgenic mice](
Min Hee Park, Misun Lee, Geewoo Nam, Mingeun Kim, Juhye Kang, Byung Jo Choi, Min Seock Jeong, Kang Ho Park, Wan Hui Han, Eunyoung Tak, Min Sun Kim, Juri Lee, Yuxi Lin, Young-Ho Lee, Im-Sook Song, Min-Koo Choi, Joo-Yong Lee, Hee Kyung Jin, Jae-sung Bae, and Mi Hee Lim
[Membrane intercalation-enhanced photodynamic inactivation of bacteria by a metallacycle and TAT-decorated virus coat protein](
Sijia Gao, Xuzhou Yan, Guocheng Xie, Meng Zhu, Xiaoyan Ju, Peter J. Stang, Ye Tian, and Zhongwei Niu
[The frequency-domain infrared spectrum of ammonia encodes changes in molecular dynamics caused by a DC electric field](
Youngwook Park, Hani Kang, Robert W. Field, and Heon Kang
Earth, Atmospheric, and Planetary Sciences
[Flow directionality of pristine meandering rivers is embedded in the skewing of high-amplitude bends and neck cutoffs](
Xingyan Guo, Dong Chen, and Gary Parker
[Precession modulation of the South Pacific westerly wind belt over the past million years](
Frank Lamy, John C. H. Chiang, Gema MartĂnez-MĂ©ndez, Mieke Thierens, Helge W. Arz, Joyce Bosmans, Dierk Hebbeln, Fabrice Lambert, Lester Lembke-Jene, and Jan-Berend Stuut
[Rapid condensation of the first Solar System solids](
Yves Marrocchi, Johan Villeneuve, Emmanuel Jacquet, Maxime Piralla, and Marc Chaussidon
Engineering
[Universality in the viscous-to-inertial coalescence of liquid droplets](
Xi Xia, Chengming He, and Peng Zhang
Environmental Sciences
[Short O–O separation in layered oxide Na0.67CoO2 enables an ultrafast oxygen evolution reaction](
Hao Wang, Jinpeng Wu, Andrei Dolocan, Yutao Li, Xujie LĂĽ, Nan Wu, Kyusung Park, Sen Xin, Ming Lei, Wanli Yang, and John B. Goodenough
Physics
[Phoamtonic designs yield sizeable 3D photonic band gaps](
Michael A. Klatt, Paul J. Steinhardt, and Salvatore Torquato
Sustainability Science
[Attributing long-term sea-level rise to Paris Agreement emission pledges](
Alexander Nauels, Johannes GĂĽtschow, Matthias Mengel, Malte Meinshausen, Peter U. Clark, and Carl-Friedrich Schleussner
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Social Sciences
Anthropology
[Rare pre-Columbian settlement on the Florida Gulf Coast revealed through high-resolution drone LiDAR](
Terry E. Barbour, Kenneth E. Sassaman, Angelica Maria Almeyda Zambrano, Eben North Broadbent, Ben Wilkinson, and Richard Kanaski
Psychological and Cognitive Sciences
[Cognitive and noncognitive predictors of success](
Angela L. Duckworth, Abigail Quirk, Robert Gallop, Rick H. Hoyle, Dennis R. Kelly, and Michael D. Matthews
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Biological Sciences
Applied Biological Sciences
[A single combination gene therapy treats multiple age-related diseases](
Noah Davidsohn, Matthew Pezzone, Andyna Vernet, Amanda Graveline, Daniel Oliver, Shimyn Slomovic, Sukanya Punthambaker, Xiaoming Sun, Ronglih Liao, Joseph V. Bonventre, and George M. Church
Biochemistry
[N,N′-Diacetyl-p-phenylenediamine restores microglial phagocytosis and improves cognitive defects in Alzheimer’s disease transgenic mice](
Min Hee Park, Misun Lee, Geewoo Nam, Mingeun Kim, Juhye Kang, Byung Jo Choi, Min Seock Jeong, Kang Ho Park, Wan Hui Han, Eunyoung Tak, Min Sun Kim, Juri Lee, Yuxi Lin, Young-Ho Lee, Im-Sook Song, Min-Koo Choi, Joo-Yong Lee, Hee Kyung Jin, Jae-sung Bae, and Mi Hee Lim
[Pat1 activates late steps in mRNA decay by multiple mechanisms](
Joseph H. Lobel, Ryan W. Tibble, and John D. Gross
[Deubiquitination of phosphoribosyl-ubiquitin conjugates by phosphodiesterase-domain–containing Legionella effectors](
Min Wan, Alan G. Sulpizio, Anil Akturk, Wendy H. J. Beck, Michael Lanz, Vitor M. Faça, Marcus B. Smolka, Joseph P. Vogel, and Yuxin Mao
[POT1-TPP1 differentially regulates telomerase via POT1 His266 and as a function of single-stranded telomere DNA length](
Mengyuan Xu, Janna Kiselar, Tawna L. Whited, Wilnelly Hernandez-Sanchez, and Derek J. Taylor
[SOD2 acetylation on lysine 68 promotes stem cell reprogramming in breast cancer](
Chenxia He, Jeanne M. Danes, Peter C. Hart, Yueming Zhu, Yunping Huang, Andre Luelsdorf de Abreu, Joseph O’Brien, Angela J. Mathison, Binwu Tang, Jonna M. Frasor, Lalage M. Wakefield, Douglas Ganini, Erich Stauder, Jacek Zielonka, Benjamin N. Gantner, Raul A. Urrutia, David Gius, and Marcelo G. Bonini
Biophysics and Computational Biology
[Markovian approaches to modeling intracellular reaction processes with molecular memory](
Jiajun Zhang and Tianshou Zhou
[Pericytes enable effective angiogenesis in the presence of proinflammatory signals](
Tae-Yun Kang, Federico Bocci, Mohit Kumar Jolly, Herbert Levine, José Nelson Onuchic, and Andre Levchenko
Cell Biology
[Defining the layers of a sensory cilium with STORM and cryoelectron nanoscopy](
Michael A. Robichaux, Valencia L. Potter, Zhixian Zhang, Feng He, Jun Liu, Michael F. Schmid, and Theodore G. Wensel
[Sec17 (α-SNAP) and Sec18 (NSF) restrict membrane fusion to R-SNAREs, Q-SNAREs, and SM proteins from identical compartments](
Youngsoo Jun and William Wickner
Ecology
[Cooperation mitigates diversity loss in a spatially expanding microbial population](
Saurabh R. Gandhi, Kirill S. Korolev, and Jeff Gore
[Covariation of diet and gut microbiome in African megafauna](
Tyler R. Kartzinel, Julianna C. Hsing, Paul M. Musili, Bianca R. P. Brown, and Robert M. Pringle
Environmental Sciences
[Invasive grasses increase fire occurrence and frequency across US ecoregions](
Emily J. Fusco, John T. Finn, Jennifer K. Balch, R. Chelsea Nagy, and Bethany A. Bradley
[Mercury source changes and food web shifts alter contamination signatures of predatory fish from Lake Michigan](
Ryan F. Lepak, Joel C. Hoffman, Sarah E. Janssen, David P. Krabbenhoft, Jacob M. Ogorek, John F. DeWild, Michael T. Tate, Christopher L. Babiarz, Runsheng Yin, Elizabeth W. Murphy, Daniel R. Engstrom, and James P. Hurley
[Reduction-dependent siderophore assimilation in a model pennate diatom](
Tyler H. Coale, Mark Moosburner, Aleš Horák, Miroslav ObornĂk, Katherine A. Barbeau, and Andrew E. Allen
Genetics
[The in vivo endothelial cell translatome is highly heterogeneous across vascular beds](
Audrey C. A. Cleuren, Martijn A. van der Ent, Hui Jiang, Kristina L. Hunker, Andrew Yee, David R. Siemieniak, Grietje Molema, William C. Aird, Santhi K. Ganesh, and David Ginsburg
[MRTFB suppresses colorectal cancer development through regulating SPDL1 and MCAM](
Takahiro Kodama, Teresa A. Marian, Hubert Lee, Michiko Kodama, Jian Li, Michael S. Parmacek, Nancy A. Jenkins, Neal G. Copeland, and Zhubo Wei
[SHH signaling mediated by a prechordal and brain enhancer controls forebrain organization](
Tomoko Sagai, Takanori Amano, Akiteru Maeno, Rieko Ajima, and Toshihiko Shiroishi
Immunology and Inflammation
[Keratinocyte-intrinsic MHCII expression controls microbiota-induced Th1 cell responses](
Samira Tamoutounour, Seong-Ji Han, Julie Deckers, Michael G. Constantinides, Charlotte Hurabielle, Oliver J. Harrison, Nicolas Bouladoux, Jonathan L. Linehan, Verena M. Link, Ivan Vujkovic-Cvijin, Paula Juliana Perez-Chaparro, Stephan P. Rosshart, Barbara Rehermann, Vanja Lazarevic, and Yasmine Belkaid
[Identification of U11snRNA as an endogenous agonist of TLR7-mediated immune pathogenesis](
Hideo Negishi, Nobuyasu Endo, Yuki Nakajima, Tatsuaki Nishiyama, Yuichiro Tabunoki, Junko Nishio, Ryuji Koshiba, Atsushi Matsuda, Kosuke Matsuki, Tomohisa Okamura, Takako Negishi-Koga, Takeshi Ichinohe, Shunji Takemura, Hiroyuki Ishiwata, Shun-ichiro Iemura, Tohru Natsume, Takaya Abe, Hiroshi Kiyonari, Takeshi Doi, Sho Hangai, Hideyuki Yanai, Keishi Fujio, Kazuhiko Yamamoto, and Tadatsugu Taniguchi
[Immunological ignorance is an enabling feature of the oligo-clonal T cell response to melanoma neoantigens](
Gerald P. Linette, Michelle Becker-Hapak, Zachary L. Skidmore, Miren Lorea Baroja, Chong Xu, Jasreet Hundal, David H. Spencer, Weixuan Fu, Casey Cummins, Maya Robnett, Saghar Kaabinejadian, William H. Hildebrand, Vincent Magrini, Ryan Demeter, Alexander S. Krupnick, Obi L. Griffith, Malachi Griffith, Elaine R. Mardis, and Beatriz M. Carreno
[Sterile activation of invariant natural killer T cells by ER-stressed antigen-presenting cells](
Melissa Bedard, Dilip Shrestha, David A. Priestman, Yuting Wang, Falk Schneider, Juan D. Matute, Shankar S. Iyer, Uzi Gileadi, Gennaro Prota, Matheswaran Kandasamy, Natacha Veerapen, Gurdyal Besra, Marco Fritzsche, Sebastian Zeissig, Andrej Shevchenko, John C. Christianson, Frances M. Platt, Christian Eggeling, Richard S. Blumberg, Mariolina Salio, and Vincenzo Cerundolo
[Resilience of T cell-intrinsic dysfunction in transplantation tolerance](
Michelle L. Miller, Christine M. McIntosh, Ying Wang, Luqiu Chen, Peter Wang, Yuk Man Lei, Melvin D. Daniels, Elyse Watkins, Carolina Mora Solano, Anita S. Chong, and Maria-Luisa Alegre
Medical Sciences
[Improving breast cancer sensitivity to paclitaxel by increasing aneuploidy](
Sylvie Rodrigues-Ferreira, Anne Nehlig, Hadia Moindjie, Clarisse Monchecourt, Cynthia Seiler, Elisabetta Marangoni, Sophie Chateau-Joubert, Marie-Eglantine Dujaric, Nicolas Servant, Bernard Asselain, Patricia de Cremoux, Magali Lacroix-Triki, Monica Arnedos, Jean-Yves Pierga, Fabrice André, and Clara Nahmias
[ATP-based therapy prevents vascular calcification and extends longevity in a mouse model of Hutchinson–Gilford progeria syndrome](
Ricardo Villa-Bellosta
[RIP1 kinase mediates angiogenesis by modulating macrophages in experimental neovascularization](
Takashi Ueta, Kenji Ishihara, Shoji Notomi, Jong-Jer Lee, Daniel E. Maidana, Nikolaos E. Efstathiou, Yusuke Murakami, Eiichi Hasegawa, Kunihiro Azuma, Tetsuya Toyono, Eleftherios I. Paschalis, Makoto Aihara, Joan W. Miller, and Demetrios G. Vavvas
[Therapeutic targeting of tumor-associated myeloid cells synergizes with radiation therapy for glioblastoma](
Peng Zhang, Jason Miska, Catalina Lee-Chang, Aida Rashidi, Wojciech K. Panek, Shejuan An, Markella Zannikou, Aurora Lopez-Rosas, Yu Han, Ting Xiao, Katarzyna C. Pituch, Deepak Kanojia, Irina V. Balyasnikova, and Maciej S. Lesniak
[Genetic LAMP2 deficiency accelerates the age-associated formation of basal laminar deposits in the retina](
Shoji Notomi, Kenji Ishihara, Nikolaos E. Efstathiou, Jong-Jer Lee, Toshio Hisatomi, Takashi Tachibana, Eleni K. Konstantinou, Takashi Ueta, Yusuke Murakami, Daniel E. Maidana, Yasuhiro Ikeda, Shinji Kume, Hiroto Terasaki, Shozo Sonoda, Judith Blanz, Lucy Young, Taiji Sakamoto, Koh-Hei Sonoda, Paul Saftig, Tatsuro Ishibashi, Joan W. Miller, Guido Kroemer, and Demetrios G. Vavvas
Microbiology
[Unintegrated HIV-1 DNAs are loaded with core and linker histones and transcriptionally silenced](
Franziska K. Geis and Stephen P. Goff
Neuroscience
[Maternal diabetes induces autism-like behavior by hyperglycemia-mediated persistent oxidative stress and suppression of superoxide dismutase 2](
Xiumin Wang, Jianping Lu, Weiguo Xie, Xiaoyun Lu, Yujie Liang, Min Li, Zichen Wang, Xiaodong Huang, Mingxi Tang, Donald W. Pfaff, Ya-Ping Tang, and Paul Yao
[Extended high-frequency hearing enhances speech perception in noise](
Lina Motlagh Zadeh, Noah H. Silbert, Katherine Sternasty, De Wet Swanepoel, Lisa L. Hunter, and David R. Moore
[Rhes, a striatal-enriched protein, promotes mitophagy via Nix](
Manish Sharma, Uri Nimrod RamĂrez JarquĂn, Oscar Rivera, Melissa Kazantzis, Mehdi Eshraghi, Neelam Shahani, Vishakha Sharma, Ricardo Tapia, and Srinivasa Subramaniam
[The generation and propagation of the human alpha rhythm](
Milan Halgren, István Ulbert, Hélène Bastuji, Dániel Fabó, Lorand Erőss, Marc Rey, Orrin Devinsky, Werner K. Doyle, Rachel Mak-McCully, Eric Halgren, Lucia Wittner, Patrick Chauvel, Gary Heit, Emad Eskandar, Arnold Mandell, and Sydney S. Cash
[Rapid and sustained homeostatic control of presynaptic exocytosis at a central synapse](
Igor Delvendahl, Katarzyna Kita, and Martin MĂĽller
[ABCA7 haplodeficiency disturbs microglial immune responses in the mouse brain](
Tomonori Aikawa, Yingxue Ren, Yu Yamazaki, Masaya Tachibana, Madeleine R. Johnson, Casey T. Anderson, Yuka A. Martens, Marie-Louise Holm, Yan W. Asmann, Takashi Saito, Takaomi C. Saido, Michael L. Fitzgerald, Guojun Bu, and Takahisa Kanekiyo
[Evidence for an attentional priority map in inferotemporal cortex](
Heiko Stemmann and Winrich A. Freiwald
Physiology
[Sex differences in the circadian misalignment effects on energy regulation](
Jingyi Qian, Christopher J. Morris, Rosanna Caputo, Wei Wang, Marta Garaulet, and Frank A. J. L. Scheer
[Ketone body receptor GPR43 regulates lipid metabolism under ketogenic conditions](
Junki Miyamoto, Ryuji Ohue-Kitano, Hiromi Mukouyama, Akari Nishida, Keita Watanabe, Miki Igarashi, Junichiro Irie, Gozoh Tsujimoto, Noriko Satoh-Asahara, Hiroshi Itoh, and Ikuo Kimura
[Adipose tissue NAD+ biosynthesis is required for regulating adaptive thermogenesis and whole-body energy homeostasis in mice](
Shintaro Yamaguchi, Michael P. Franczyk, Maria Chondronikola, Nathan Qi, Subhadra C. Gunawardana, Kelly L. Stromsdorfer, Lane C. Porter, David F. Wozniak, Yo Sasaki, Nicholas Rensing, Michael Wong, David W. Piston, Samuel Klein, and Jun Yoshino
[Swim exercise in Caenorhabditis elegans extends neuromuscular and gut healthspan, enhances learning ability, and protects against neurodegeneration](
Ricardo Laranjeiro, Girish Harinath, Jennifer E. Hewitt, Jessica H. Hartman, Mary Anne Royal, Joel N. Meyer, Siva A. Vanapalli, and Monica Driscoll
Plant Biology
[Challenging battles of plants with phloem-feeding insects and prokaryotic pathogens](
Yanjuan Jiang, Chuan-Xi Zhang, Rongzhi Chen, and Sheng Yang He
[Comprehensive mapping of abiotic stress inputs into the soybean circadian clock](
Meina Li, Lijun Cao, Musoki Mwimba, Yan Zhou, Ling Li, Mian Zhou, Patrick S. Schnable, Jamie A. O’Rourke, Xinnian Dong, and Wei Wang
[Overexpression of zmm28 increases maize grain yield in the field](
Jingrui Wu, Shai J. Lawit, Ben Weers, Jindong Sun, Nick Mongar, John Van Hemert, Rosana Melo, Xin Meng, Mary Rupe, Joshua Clapp, Kristin Haug Collet, Libby Trecker, Keith Roesler, Layton Peddicord, Jill Thomas, Joanne Hunt, Wengang Zhou, Zhenglin Hou, Matthew Wimmer, Justin Jantes, Hua Mo, Lu Liu, Yiwei Wang, Carl Walker, Olga Danilevskaya, Renee H. Lafitte, Jeffrey R. Schussler, Bo Shen, and Jeffrey E. Habben
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Corrections
[Correction for Huet et al., Capsid expansion of bacteriophage T5 revealed by high resolution cryoelectron microscopy](
[Correction for Cadete Martini et al., Amyloid-beta impairs TOM1-mediated IL-1R1 signaling](
[Correction for Chen et al., Sugar starvation-regulated MYBS2 and 14-3-3 protein interactions enhance plant growth, stress tolerance, and grain weight in rice](
[Correction for Gurrieri et al., Arabidopsis and Chlamydomonas phosphoribulokinase crystal structures complete the redox structural proteome of the Calvin–Benson cycle](
[Cover]
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