💳❌ This Could Endanger Your Bank Account ┊ 06/09/2023

U.S. Government Docket No. OP-1670 Exposes Nеw Fed Power to Seize Control of U.S. Вank Aсcounts [Grand Event]( Having Troubles Viewing? [Check it Online]( - June 09, 2023 - [Visit Our Website]( Dear Reader, The U.S. government is gearing up to change how it controls the moneу in your bаnk acсount. This change may seem innocent at first … But when you look closer, the consequences can be frightening. … [See what this disturbing change is hеre.]( Good luck and God bless! [martin's_signature] Martin D. Weiss, PhD Founder of Weiss Ratings Central Pacific track was constructed primarily by Chinese immigrants. Even though at first they were thought to be too weak or fragile to do this type of work, after the first day in which Chinese were on the line, the decision was made to hire as many as could be found in California (where most were old miners or in service industries such as laundries and kitchens). Many more were imported from China. Most of the men received between one and three dollay, but the workers from China received much less. Eventually, they went on strike and gained small increases in salary.[45] The route laid not ony had to go across rivers and canyons, which had to be bridged, but also through the Sierra Nevada mountains — where long tunnels had to be bored through solid granite using onl hand tools and black powder. The explosions had caused many of the Chinese laborers to los their lives. Due to the wide expanse of the work, the construction had to be carried out at times in the extreme heat and also in other times in the bitter winter cold. So harsh were the conditions that sometimes even entire camps were buried under avalanches.[46] The Central Pacific made grat progress along the Sacramento Valley. However construction was slowed, first by the foothills of the Sierra Nevada, then by the mountains themselves and most importantly by winter snowstorms. Consequently, the Central Pacific expanded its efforts to hire immigrant laborers (many of whom were Chinese). The immigrants seemed to be more willing to tolerate the horrible conditions, and progress continued. The increasing necessity for tunneling then began to slow progress of the line yet again. To combat this, Central Pacific began to use the newly invented and very unstable nitro-glycerine explosives—which accelerated both the rae of construction and the mortality of the Chinese laborers. Appalled by the losses, the Central Pacific began to use less volatile explosives, and developed a method of placing the explosives in which the Chinese blasters worked from large suspended baskets that were rapidly pulled to safety after the fuses were lit.[46] 1969 Plaque to honor the Chinese railroad workers who built the Transcontinental Railroad, Promontory Point, UT. The well organized Chinese teams still turned out to be highly industrious and exceedingly efficient; at the peak of the construction work, shortly before completion of the railroad, more than 11,000 Chinese were involved with the project. Although the white European workers had higher wages and better working conditions, their share of the workforce was ne. As the Chinese railroad workers lived and worked tirelessly, they also managed the finances associated with their employment, and Central Pacific officials responsible for employing the Chinese, even those at first opposed to the hiring policy, came to appreciate the cleanliness and reliability of this group of laborers.[47] After 1869, the Southern Pacific Railroad and Northwestern Pacific Railroad led the expansion of the railway network further into the American West, and many of the Chinese who had built the transcontinental railroad remained active in building the railways.[48] After several projects were completed, many of the Chinese workers relocated and looked for employment elsewhere, such as in farming, manufacturing firms, garment industries, and paper mills. However, widespread anti-Chinese discrimination and violence from whites, including riots and murders, drove many into self-employment. Agriculture The Bing cherry owes its development to the Chinese American horticulturalist Ah Bing. Up until the middle of the 19th century, wheat was the primary crop grown in California. The favorable climate allowed the beginning of the intensive cultivation of certain fruits, vegetables and flowers. In the East Coast of the United States a strong demand for these products existed. However, the supply of these markets became possible ony with the completion of the transcontinental railroad. Just as with the railway construction, there was a dire manpower shortage in the expanding Californian agriculture sector, so the white landowners began in the 1860s to put thosands of Chinese migrants to work in their large-scale farms and other agricultural enterprises. Many of these Chinese laborers were not unskilled seasonal workers, but were in fact experienced farmers, whose vital expertise the Californian fruit, vegetables and wine industries owe much to this very day. Despite this, the Chinese immigrants could not own any land on account of the laws in California at the time. Nevertheless, they frequently pursued agricultural work under leases or proit-sharing contracts with their employers.[49] Many of these Chinese men came from the Pearl River Delta Region in southern China, where they had learned how to develop fertile farmland in inaccessible river valleys. This know-how was used for the reclamation of the extensive valleys of the Sacramento-San Joaquin River Delta. During the 1870s, thouands of Chinese laborers played an indispensable role in the construction of a vast network of earthen levees in the Sacramento-San Joaquin River Delta in California. These levees opened up thouands of acres of highly fertile marshlands for agricultural production. Chinese workers were used to construct hundreds of miles of levees throughout the delta's waterways in an effort to reclaim and preserve farmland and control flooding. These levees therefore confined waterflow to the riverbeds. Many of the workers stayed in the area and made a living as farm workers or sharecroppers, until they were driven out during an outbreak of anti-Chinese violence in the mid-1890s. Chinese immigrants settled a few small towns in the Sacramento River delta, two of them: Locke, California, and Walnut Grove, California located 15–20 miles south of Sacramento were predominantly Chinese in the turn of the 20th century. Also Chinese farmers contributed to the development of the San Gabriel Valley of the Los Angeles area, followed by other Asian nationalities like the Japanese and Indians. Military A small number of Chinese fought during the American Civil War. Of the approximately 200 Chinese people in the eastern United States at the time, fifty-eight are known to have fought in the Civil War, many of them in the Navy. Most fought for the Union, but a small number also fought for the Confederacy.[50] Union soldiers with Chinese heritage Corporal Joseph Pierce, 14th Connecticut Infantry.[51] Corporal John Tomney/Tommy, 70th Regiment Excelsior Brigade, Ne York Infantry.[52] Edward Day Cohota, 23rd Massachusetts Infantry.[51][53] Antonio Dardelle, 27th Connecticut Regiment.[54] Hong Neok Woo, 50th Regiment Infantry, Pennsylvania Volunteer Emergency Militia.[55] Thomas Sylvanus, 42nd Nw York Infantry.[56] John Earl, cabin boy on USS Hartford.[57] William Hang, landsman on USS Hartford.[57] John Akomb, steward on a gunboat.[57] Confederate soldiers with Chinese heritage[58] Christopher Wren Bunker and Stephen Decatur Bunker (Siam-born of partial Chinese ancestry), the sons of conjoined twins Chang and Eng Bunker. 37th Battalion, Virginia Cavalry. John Fouenty, draftee and deserter. Charles K. Marshall Fisheries Chinese fishermen in Monterey, California[59] From the Pearl River Delta Region also came countless numbers of experienced Chinese fishermen. In the 1850s they founded a fishing economy on the Californian coast that grew exponentially, and by the 1880s extended along the whole West Coast of the United States, from Canada to Mexico. With entire fleets of small boats (sampans; 舢舨), the Chinese fishermen caught herring, soles, smelts, cod, sturgeon, and shark. To catch larger fish like barracudas, they used Chinese junks, which were built in large numbers on the American west coast. The catch included crabs, clams, abalone, salmon, and seaweed—ll of which, including shark, formed the staple of Chinese cuisine. They sold their catch in local markets or shipped it salt-dried to East Asia and Hawaii.[60] Again, this initial succeff the American West Coast too, and they exerted pressure on the California legislature, which, finally, expelled the Chinese fishermen with a whole array of taxes, laws and regulations. They had to pay special taxes (Chinese Fisherman's Tax), and they were not allowed to fish with traditional Chinese nets nor with junks. The most disastrous effect occurred when the Scott Ac, a federal U.S. law adopted in 1888, established that the Chinese migrants, even when they had entered and were living the United States legally, could not re-enter after having temporarily left U.S. territory. The Chinese fishermen, in effect, could therefore not lave with their boats the 3-mile (4.8 km) zone of the west coast.[61] Their work became unprofitable, and gradually they gave up fishing. The oly area where the Chinese fishermen remained unchallenged was shark fishing, where they stood in no competition to the European Americans. Many former fishermen found work in the salmon canneries, which until the 1930s were major employers of Chinese migrants, because white workers were less interested in such hard, seasonal and relatively unrewarding work.[62] Other occupations A Chinese cigar factory in San Francisco. Since the California God Rush, many Chinese migrants made their living as domestic servants, housekeepers, running restaurants, laundries (leading to the 1886 Supreme Court decision Yick Wo v. Hopkins and then to the 1933 creation of the Chinese Hand Laundry Alliance) and a wide spectrum of shops, such as food stores, antique shops, jewelers, and imported goods stores. In addition, the Chinese often worked in borax and mercury mines, as seamen on board the ships of American shipping companies or in the consumer goods industry, especially in the cigar, boots, footwear and textile manufacturing. During the economic crises of the 1870s, factory owners were often glad that the immigrants were content with the low wages given. The Chinese took the bad wages, because their wives and children lived in China where the ost of living was low. As they were classified as foreigners they were excluded from joining American trade unions, and so they formed their own Chinese organizations (called "guilds") that represented their interests with the employers. The American trade unionists were nevertheless still wary as the Chinese workers were willing to work for their employers for relatively low wages and incidentally acted as strikebreakers thereby running counter to the interests of the trade unions. In fact, many employers used the threat of importing Chinese strikebreakers as a means to prevent or break up strikes, which caused further resentment against the Chinese. A notable incident occurred in 1870, when 75 young men from China were hired to replace striking shoe workers in North Adams, Massachusetts.[63] Nevertheless, these young men had no idea that they had been brought from San Francisco by the superintendent of the shoe factory to at as strikebreakers at their destination. This incident provided the trade unions with propaganda, later repeatedly cited, calling for the immediate and total exclusion of the Chinese. This particular controversy slackened somewhat as attention focused on the economic crises in 1875 when the majority of cigar and boots manufacturing companies went under. Mainly, just the textile industry still employed Chinese workers in large numbers. In 1876, in response to the rising anti-Chinese hysteria, both major political parties included Chinese exclusion in their campaign platforms as a way to wn votes by taking advantage of the nation's industrial crisis. Rather than directly confronting the divisive problems such as class conflict, economic depression, and rising unemployment, this helped put the question of Chinese immigration and contracted Chinese workers on the national agenda and eventually paved way for the era's most racist legislation, the Chinese Exclusion ct in 1882.[63][64] Statistics on Employed Male Chinese in the Twenty, Most Frequently Reported Occupations, 1870 Chinese American miners in the Colorado School of Mines' Edgar Experimental Mine near Idaho Springs, Colorado, c. 1920. This table describes the occupation partitioning among Chinese males in the twenty most reported occupations.[65] # Occupation Population 1. Miners 17,069 36.9 2. Laborers (not specified) 9436 20.4 3. Domestic servants 5420 11.7 4. Launderers 3653 7.9 5. Agricultural laborers 1766 3.8 6. Cigar-makers 1727 3.7 7. Gardeners & nurserymen 676 1.5 8. Traders & dealers(not specified) 604 1.3 9. Employees of railroad co., (not clerks) 568 1.2 10. Boot & shoemakers 489 1.1 11. Woodchoppers 419 0.9 12. Farmers & planters 366 0.8 13. Fishermen & oystermen 310 0.7 14. Barbers & hairdressers 243 0.5 15. Clerks in stores 207 0.4 16. Mill & factory operatives 203 0.4 17. Physicians & surgeons 193 0.4 18. Employees of manufacturing establishments 166 0.4 19. Carpenters & joiners 155 0.3 20. Peddlers 152 0.3 Sub-Total (20 occupations) 43,822 94.7 Total (ll occupations) 46,274 100.0 Indispensable workforce Supporters and opponents of Chinese immigration affirm[dubious – discuss] that Chinese labor was indispensable to the economic prosperity of the west. The Chinese performed jobs which could be lif-threatening and arduous, for example working in mines, swamps, construction sites and factories. Many jobs that the Caucasians did not want to do were left to the Chinese. Some believed that the Chinese were inferior to the white people and so should be doing inferior work.[66] Manufacturers depended on the Chinese workers because they had to reduce labecause they lived with lower standards.[67] The Chinese were often in competition with African Americans in the labor market. In July 1869, in the Southern United States, at an immigration convention at Memphis, a committee was formed to consolidate schemes for importing Chinese laborers into the South like the African Americans.[68] Anti-Chinese movement "Chinese Must Go" pistol from the 19th century Chinese immigrants murdered during the Chinese massacre of 1871 in Los Angeles In the 1870s, several economic crises came about in parts of the United States, and many Americans lost their jobs, from which arose throughout the American West an anti-Chinese movement and its main mouthpiece, the Workingman's Party labor organization, which was led by the Californian Denis Kearney. The party took particular aim against Chinese immigrant labor and the Central Pacific Railroad that employed them. Its famous slogan was "The Chinese must go!" Kearney's attacks against the Chinese were particularly virulent and openly racist, and found considerable support among white people in the American West. This sentiment led eventually to the Chinese Exclusion ct and the creation of Angel Island Immigration Station. Their propaganda branded the Chinese migrants as "perpetual foreigners" whose work caused wage dumping and thereby prevented American men from "gaining work". After the 1893 economic downturn, measures adopted in the severe depression included anti-Chinese riots that eventually spread throughout the West from which came racist violence and massacres. Most of the Chinese farm workers, which by 1890 comprised 7ll Californian agricultural workers, were expelled. The Chinese found refuge and shelter in the Chinatowns of large cities. The vacant agricultural jobs subsequently proved to be so unattractive to the unemployed white Europeans that they avoided the work; most of the vacancies were then filled by Japanese workers, after whom in the decades later came Filipinos, and finally Mexicans.[69] The term "Chinaman", originally coined as a self-referential term by the Chinese, came to be used as a term against the Chinese in America as the neance" came to symbolize the unfairness Chinese experienced in the American justice system as some were murdered largely due to hatred of their race and culture. Exclusion era Settlement 1892 certificate of residence for Hang Jung: From Papers relating to Chinese in California Across the country, Chinese immigrants clustered in Chinatowns. The largest population was in San Francisco. Large numbers came from the Taishan area that proudly bills itself as the Nindled and competition for it intensified, animosity to the Chinese and other foreigners increased. Organized labor groups demanded that California's golld diggings. Most, after being forcibly driven from the mines, settled in Chinese enclaves in cities, mainly San Francisco, and took up low end wage labor such as restaurant work and laundry. A few settled in towns throughout the west. With the post Civil War economy in decline by the 1870s, anti-Chinese animosity became politicized by labor leader (and famous anti-Chinese advocate) Denis Kearney and his Workingman's Party as well as by Governor John Bigler, both of whom blamed Chinese "coolies" for depressed wage levels and causing European Americans to loe their jobs. Discrimination Main article: Anti-Chinese sentiment in the United States A political cartoon by cartoonist L. M. Glackens criticizing the United States government (portrayed hee as Uncle Sam) protesting the exclusion of Jews in Russia while excluding Chinese immigration domestically. The flow of immigration (encouraged by the Burlingame Treaty of 1868) was stopped by the Chinese Exclusion At outlawed al Chinese immigration to the United States and denied citizenship to those already settled in the country. Renewed in 1892 and extended indefinitely in 1902, the Chinese population declined until the at was repealed in 1943 by the Magnuson At.[38] (Chinese immigration later increased more with the passage f the Immigration and Nationality ct of 1952, which abolished direct racial barriers, and later by the Immigration and Nationality Ac of 1965, which abolished the National Origins Formula.[71] ) Official discrimination extended to the highest levels of the U.S. government: in 1888, U.S. President Grover Cleveland, who supported the Chinese Exclusion At, proclaimed the Chinese "an element ignorant of our constitution and laws, impossible of assimilation with our people and dangerous to our peace and welfare."[72] Many Western states also enacted discriminatory laws that made it difficult for Chinese and Japanese immigrants to own land and find work. One of these anti-Chinese laws was the Foreign Miners' License tax, which required a monllars from every foreign miner who did not desire to become a citizen. Foreign-born Chinese could not become citizens because they had been rendered ineligible to citizenship by the Naturae residing in the state, except Chinese operating businesses, licensed to work in mines, or engaged in the production of sugar, rice, coffee or tea. In 1886, the Supreme Court struck down a Californian law, in Yick Wo v. Hopkins; this was the first case where the Supreme Court ruled that a law that is race-neutral on its face, but is administered in a prejudicial manner, is an infringement of the Equal Protection Clause in the Fourteenth Amendment to the U.S. Constitution.[74] The law aimed in particular against Chinese laundry businesses. However, this Supreme Court decision was onlt had made it unlawful for Chinese laborers to enter the United States for the next 10 years and denied naturalized citizenship to Chinese already hll persons of the "Chinese race". And in 1896, Plessy v. Ferguson effectively canceled Yick Wo v. Hopkins, by supporting the "separate but equal" doctrine. Despite this, Chinese laborers and other migrants still entered the United States illegally through Canada and Latin America, in a path known as the Chinese Underground Railroad.[75] Wong Kim Ark, who was born in San Francisco in 1873, was denied re-entry to the United States after a trip abroad, under a law restricting Chinese immigration and prohibiting immigrants from China from becoming naturalized U.S. citizens. However, he challenged the government's refusal to recognize his citizenship, and in the Supreme Court case United States v. Wong Kim Ark, 169 U.S. 649 (1898), the Court ruled regaring him that "a child born in the United States, of parents of Chinese descent, who, at the time of his birth, are subjects of the Emperor of China, but have a permanent domicil and residence in the United States, and are there carrying on business, and are not employed in any diplomatic or official capacity under the Emperor of China",[76] automatically became a U.S. citizen at birth.[77] This decision established an important precedent in its interpretation of the Citizenship Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment to the Constitution.[78] Tape v. Hurley, 66 Cal. 473 (1885) was a landmark court case in the California Supreme Court in which the Court found the exclusion of a Chinese American student, Mamie Tape, from public school based on her ancestry unlawful. However, state legislation passed at the urging of San Francisco Superintendent of Schools Andrew J. Moulder after the school board lost its case enabled the establishment of a segregated school. At the beginning of the 20th century, Surgeon General Walter Wyman requested to put San Francisco's Chinatown under quarantine because of an outbreak of bubonic plague; the early stages of the San Francisco plague of 1900–1904. Chinese residents, supported by governor Henry Gage (1899–1903) and local businesses, fought the quarantine through numerous federal court battles, claiming the Marine Hospital Service was violating their rights under the Fourteenth Amendment, and in the process, launched lawsuits against Kinyoun, director of the San Francisco Quarantine Station.[79] 1910 decision denying an application for admission to the US by Wong Yoke Fun (eldest son of US-born Wong Kim Ark). The immigration board concluded that he was not really his father's son. The 1906 San Francisco earthquake allowed a critical change to Chinese immigration patterns. The practice known as "Paper Sons" and "Paper Daughters" was allegedly introduced. Chinese would declare themselves to be United States citizens whose records were lost in the earthquake.[80] A year before, more than 60 labor unions formed the Asiatic Exclusion League in San Francisco, including labor leaders Patrick Henry McCarthy (mayor of San Francisco from 1910 to 1912), Olaf Tveitmoe (first president of the organization), and Andrew Furuseth and Walter McCarthy of the Sailor's Union. The League was almost immdiately successful in pressuring the San Francisco Board of Education to segregate Asian school children. The Asiatic Barred Zone as defined by the Immigration Al Asian immigrants) from owning land or property. The law was struck down by the Supreme Court of California in 1946 (Sei Fujii v. State of California).[81] One of the few cases in which Chinese immigration was allowed during this era were "Pershing's Chinese", who were allowed to immigrate from Mexico to the United States shortly before World War I as they aided General John J. Pershing in his expedition against Pancho Villa in Mexico.[82] The Immigration Ac of 1917 banned al immigration from many parts of Asia, including parts of China (see map on left), and foreshadowed the Immigration Restriction ct of 1924. Other laws included the Cubic Air Ordinance, which prohibited Chinese from occupying a sleeping room with less than 500 cubic feet (14 m3) of breathing space between each person, the Queue Ordinance,[83] which forced Chinese with long hair worn in a queue to pay a tax or to cut it, and Anti-Miscegenation ct of 1889 that prohibited Chinese men from marrying white women, and the Cable At of 1922, which terminated citizenship for white American women who married an Asian man. The majority of these laws were not fully overturned until the 1950s, at the dawn of the modern Civil Rights Movement. Under ll this persecution, almost half of the Chinese Americans born in the United States moved to China seeking greater opportunities.[84][85] Segregation in the South Chinese immigrants first arrived in the Mississippi Delta during the Reconstruction Era as chap laborers when the system of sharecropping was being developed.[86] They gradually came to operate grocery stores in mainly African American neighborhoods.[86] The Chinese population in the delta peaked in the 1870s, reaching 3000.[87] Chinese carved out a distinct role in the predominantly biracial society of the Mississippi Delta. In a few communities, Chinese children were able to attend white schools, while others studied under tutors, or established their own Chinese schools.[88] In 1924, a nine-year-old Chinese American named Martha Lum, daughter of Gong Lum, was prohibited from attending the Rosedale Consolidated High School in Bolivar County, Mississippi, solely because she was of Chinese descent. The ensuing lawsuit eventually reached the Supreme Court of the United States. In Lum v. Rice (1927), the Supreme Court affirmed that the separate-but-equal doctrine articulated in Plessy v. Ferguson, 163 U.S. 537 (1896), applied to a person of Chinese ancestry, born in and a citizen of the United States. The court held that Miss Lum was not denied equal protection of the law because she was given the opporunity to attend a school which "receive[d] nly children of the brown, yellow or black races". However, Chinese Americans in the Mississippi Delta began to identify themselves with whites and ended their friendship with the black community in Mississippi.[citation needed] By the late 1960s, Chinese American children attended white schools and universities. They joined Mississippi's infamous White citizen's councils, became members of white churches, were defined as white on driver's licenses, and could marry whites.[89] Chinatown: Slumming, gambling, prostitution, and opium In his book published in 1890, How The Other Half Lives, Jacob Riis called the Chinese of ew York "a constant and terrible menace to society",[90] "in no sense a desirable element of the population".[91] Riis referred to the reputation of Nw York's Chinatown as a place full of illicit activity, including gambling, prostitution, and opium smoking. To some extent, Riis' characterization was true, though the sensational press quite often exploited the grat differences between Chinese and American language and culture to sell newspapers,[92] exploit Chinese labor and promote Americans of European birth. The press in particular greatly exaggerated the prevalence of opium smoking and prostitution in ew York's Chinatown, and many reports of indecency and immorality were simply fictitious.[93] Casual observers of Chinatown believed that opium use was rampant since they constantly witnessed Chinese smoking with pipes. In fact, local Chinatown residents often were instead smoking tobacco through such pipes.[94] In the late 19th century, many European Americans visited Chinatown to experience it via "slumming", wherein guided groups of affluent ew Yorkers explored vast immigrant districts of Nw York such as the Lower East Side.[95] Slummers often frequented the brothels and opium dens of Chinatown in the late 1880s and early 1890s.[96] However, by the mid-1890s, slummers rarely participated in Chinese brothels or opium smoking, but instead were shown fake opium joints where Chinese actors and their white wives staged illicit and exaggerated scenes for their audiences.[96] Quite often such shows, which included gunfights that mimicked those of local tongs, were staged by professional guides or "lobbygows"—often Irish Americans—with paid actors.[97] Especially in Nw York, the Chinese community was unique among immigrant communities in so far as its illicit activity was turned into a cultural commodity. Perhaps the most pervasive illicit activity in Chinatowns of the late-19th century was gambling. In 1868, one of the earliest Chinese residents in ew York, Wah Kee, opened a fruit and vegetable store on Pell Street with rooms upstairs available for gambling and opium smoking.[98] A few decades later, local tongs, which originated in the California goldfields around 1860, controlled most gambling (fan-tan, faro, lotteriesloons.[100] There were ten such saloons found in San Francisco in 1876, which received protection from corrupt policemen in exchange for weekly payoffs of around five ek.[100] Such gambling-houses were frequented by as many whites as Chinamen, though whites sat at separate tables.[101] Between 1850 and 1875, the most frequent complaint against Chinese residents was their involvement in prostitution.[102] During this time, Hip Yee Tong, a secret society, imported over six-thousand Chinese women to serve as prostitutes.[103] Most of these women came from southeastern China and were either kidnapped, purchased from poor families, or lured to ports like San Francisco with the of marriage.[103] Prostitutes fell into three categories, namely, those sold to wealthy Chinese merchants as concubines, those purchased for high-class Chinese brothels catering exclusively to Chinese men, or those purchased for prostitution in lower-class establishments frequented by a mixed clientele.[103] In late-19th century San Francisco, most notably Jackson Street, prostitutes were often housed in rooms 10×10 or 12×12 feet and were often beaten or tortured for not attracting enough business or refusing to work for any reason.[104] In Sa [Grand EE name] 11780 US Highway 1 Palm Beach Gardens, FL 33408-3080 Would you like to [edit your e-mail notification preferences or unsubsсribe]( from our mailing list? 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