Neuron: July 19, 2023 (Volume 111, Issue 14)

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[Webinar: Single-cell genomics for clinical samples](%2F%2Fwww.workcast.com%2Fregister%3Fcpak=9066443499831518%26referrer=etoc/1/010001896f1a664d-d740896a-bed9-483c-9b71-87925d927222-000000/VvSUyHalHNxfsovGAEEm_eJiLnNsyr46yPIJoR1VgEE=310) August 2, 2023, 11:00 am ET | available live & on demand Featured articles --------------------------------------------------------------- [A dynamical systems approach for multiscale synthesis of Alzheimer's pathogenesis](%2F%2Fwww.cell.com%2Fneuron%2Ffulltext%2FS0896-6273(23)00303-3/1/010001896f1a664d-d740896a-bed9-483c-9b71-87925d927222-000000/Wq42e5nVUvbpN4SFzPuAZ4Pz4TvJME2JXuLt381X8bs=310) Rollo et al. [Non-coding RNA in the wiring and remodeling of neural circuits](%2F%2Fwww.cell.com%2Fneuron%2Ffulltext%2FS0896-6273(23)00341-0/1/010001896f1a664d-d740896a-bed9-483c-9b71-87925d927222-000000/K-8I-WCg5Ud53f-wKZPJtDXAWHCvO4a66YEOYqze7ME=310) Soutschek et al. [Cholecystokinin neurons in mouse suprachiasmatic nucleus regulate the robustness of circadian clock](%2F%2Fwww.cell.com%2Fneuron%2Ffulltext%2FS0896-6273(23)00301-X/1/010001896f1a664d-d740896a-bed9-483c-9b71-87925d927222-000000/_e7GIyxn5mlsfq26Xu7fGvm_3IGWNKdrZ7c1F2ZioaA=310) Xie et al. [The indirect pathway of the basal ganglia promotes transient punishment but not motor suppression](%2F%2Fwww.cell.com%2Fneuron%2Ffulltext%2FS0896-6273(23)00302-1/1/010001896f1a664d-d740896a-bed9-483c-9b71-87925d927222-000000/zg3zcSRugFygJ67xGKFP6BjlBH9m0zzai8LlQL2mblw=310) Isett et al. Online now --------------------------------------------------------------- [Excitatory neuron-specific suppression of the integrated stress response contributes to autism-related phenotypes in fragile X syndrome](%2F%2Fwww.cell.com%2Fneuron%2Ffulltext%2FS0896-6273(23)00476-2/1/010001896f1a664d-d740896a-bed9-483c-9b71-87925d927222-000000/ErzDCT7v-yuMuZcngW3cO0nN49GVhVd1yKBrkyEQIoI=310) Hooshmandi et al. [Memory-related processing is the primary driver of human hippocampal theta oscillations](%2F%2Fwww.cell.com%2Fneuron%2Ffulltext%2FS0896-6273(23)00474-9/1/010001896f1a664d-d740896a-bed9-483c-9b71-87925d927222-000000/eUDJibS6y9cek4hBxjwqwHhs-O79kpKHTM5d_D-cRu8=310) Seger et al. [Hippocampal GABAergic interneurons and memory](%2F%2Fwww.cell.com%2Fneuron%2Ffulltext%2FS0896-6273(23)00475-0/1/010001896f1a664d-d740896a-bed9-483c-9b71-87925d927222-000000/lrmTgTXYqz8yrn4CNIy9NsKkxbB5knzHyqeWHcpurIs=310) Tzilivaki et al. [Synaptic and circuit functions of multitransmitter neurons in the mammalian brain](%2F%2Fwww.cell.com%2Fneuron%2Ffulltext%2FS0896-6273(23)00438-5/1/010001896f1a664d-d740896a-bed9-483c-9b71-87925d927222-000000/6o6uq-_tdNKxnvZXsJm-fQjLQhhTFzH4Nlqpta75tTI=310) Wallace et al. Table of Contents Previews --------------------------------------------------------------- [Clock cells ticking in summer](%2F%2Fwww.cell.com%2Fneuron%2Ffulltext%2FS0896-6273(23)00481-6%3Fdgcid=raven_jbs_etoc_email/1/010001896f1a664d-d740896a-bed9-483c-9b71-87925d927222-000000/SrJoaf4iv5IltN6cjHFwEPcBMRuhcHvXVC28KzPQfn0=310) Michihiro Mieda In this issue of Neuron, Xie et al. highlight a role of cholecystokinin (CCK) neurons in the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) central clock for tracking the onset of circadian activities, adapting circadian rhythms to long photoperiods, and regulating circadian phase resetting. [Columnar and diffuse topographies in the marmoset prefrontal connectome](%2F%2Fwww.cell.com%2Fneuron%2Ffulltext%2FS0896-6273(23)00469-5%3Fdgcid=raven_jbs_etoc_email/1/010001896f1a664d-d740896a-bed9-483c-9b71-87925d927222-000000/W3KqhPUDoNyY8Xc13-rzYk6A-k6Ehw4FJ-2urfEqS4E=310) Vishal Kapoor In this issue of Neuron, Watakabe et al. utilize serial two-photon tomography to reveal that the intra- and inter-regional prefrontal cortex projections in the marmoset brain terminate with two characteristic patterns, columnar and diffused, both of which display a topographically organized gradient. Obituary --------------------------------------------------------------- [Lawrence Baruch Cohen (1939–2023)](%2F%2Fwww.cell.com%2Fneuron%2Ffulltext%2FS0896-6273(23)00507-X%3Fdgcid=raven_jbs_etoc_email/1/010001896f1a664d-d740896a-bed9-483c-9b71-87925d927222-000000/xU6JDosVfECAmEGW4q3DdEYum3MKhnSwaKtUeTfUYO8=310) David Kleinfeld Perspective --------------------------------------------------------------- [A dynamical systems approach for multiscale synthesis of Alzheimer’s pathogenesis](%2F%2Fwww.cell.com%2Fneuron%2Ffulltext%2FS0896-6273(23)00303-3%3Fdgcid=raven_jbs_etoc_email/1/010001896f1a664d-d740896a-bed9-483c-9b71-87925d927222-000000/lDGqOXTCzWn1FYOXzDygTab_C4ga5W53266tnCwgiDU=310) Jennifer Rollo, John Crawford, John Hardy The paper is a call to action, proposing a different way the Alzheimer’s community can work together to embrace the multiscale complexity of the disease to develop new hypotheses and intervention strategies that are beyond reach with current approaches. Review --------------------------------------------------------------- [Non-coding RNA in the wiring and remodeling of neural circuits](%2F%2Fwww.cell.com%2Fneuron%2Ffulltext%2FS0896-6273(23)00341-0%3Fdgcid=raven_jbs_etoc_email/1/010001896f1a664d-d740896a-bed9-483c-9b71-87925d927222-000000/oHVgQksLjfrblCiCo-6HUrmtudtJRdIMoGeQx2g6Uq8=310) Michael Soutschek, Gerhard Schratt In this review, Soutschek and Schratt summarize recent progress related to the function of different non-coding RNA families in the development and plasticity of neural circuits in vertebrates. They further highlight implications for human brain evolution and neuropsychiatric disorders. NeuroResource --------------------------------------------------------------- [Age-dependent immune and lymphatic responses after spinal cord injury](%2F%2Fwww.cell.com%2Fneuron%2Ffulltext%2FS0896-6273(23)00296-9%3Fdgcid=raven_jbs_etoc_email/1/010001896f1a664d-d740896a-bed9-483c-9b71-87925d927222-000000/U1IaLN7iVASvIh-5cxp_HatbS2Vmt0MMVfD3TIzZkZY=310) Andrea Francesca M. Salvador, Taitea Dykstra, Justin Rustenhoven, Wenqing Gao, Susan M. Blackburn, Kesshni Bhasiin, Michael Q. Dong, Rafaela Mano Guimarães, Sriharsha Gonuguntla, Igor Smirnov, Jonathan Kipnis, Jasmin Herz Salvador et al. identify cellular and transcriptional age-dependent changes in infiltrating and resident immune cells of the spinal cord after contusive injury. They also reveal the formation of ectopic lymphangiogenesis in the spinal cord meninges upon injury, a process directed by myeloid cells. Articles --------------------------------------------------------------- [Synaptic oligomeric tau in Alzheimer’s disease — A potential culprit in the spread of tau pathology through the brain](%2F%2Fwww.cell.com%2Fneuron%2Ffulltext%2FS0896-6273(23)00305-7%3Fdgcid=raven_jbs_etoc_email/1/010001896f1a664d-d740896a-bed9-483c-9b71-87925d927222-000000/4P1rStV9mB2XM2fwci61aAAtnzS1kJs47C0GCuof-Jk=310) Martí Colom-Cadena, Caitlin Davies, Sònia Sirisi, Ji-Eun Lee, Elizabeth M. Simzer, Makis Tzioras, Marta Querol-Vilaseca, Érika Sánchez-Aced, Ya Yin Chang, Kristjan Holt, Robert I. McGeachan, Jamie Rose, Jane Tulloch, Lewis Wilkins, Colin Smith, Teodora Andrian, Olivia Belbin, Sílvia Pujals, Mathew H. Horrocks, Alberto Lleó, Tara L. Spires-Jones Open Access Colom-Cadena and colleagues demonstrate using sub-diffraction-limit microscopy that synaptic oligomeric tau is a likely culprit in the spread of tau pathology through the brain in Alzheimer’s disease. These data indicate that reducing oligomeric tau at synapses may be a promising therapeutic strategy to stop disease progression. [Prox2 and Runx3 vagal sensory neurons regulate esophageal motility](%2F%2Fwww.cell.com%2Fneuron%2Ffulltext%2FS0896-6273(23)00332-X%3Fdgcid=raven_jbs_etoc_email/1/010001896f1a664d-d740896a-bed9-483c-9b71-87925d927222-000000/w7fern3mAwlvu0rZF6q8aMDmch0tqnWP2uxCdy18Y6k=310) Elijah D. Lowenstein, Pierre-Louis Ruffault, Aristotelis Misios, Kate L. Osman, Huimin Li, Rachel S. Greenberg, Rebecca Thompson, Kun Song, Stephan Dietrich, Xun Li, Nikita Vladimirov, Andrew Woehler, Jean-François Brunet, Niccolò Zampieri, Ralf Kühn, Stephen D. Liberles, Shiqi Jia, Gary R. Lewin, Nikolaus Rajewsky, Teresa E. Lever, Carmen Birchmeier Open Access The vagal sensory neurons that monitor esophageal stretch and distension belong to the MM2 and MM8 subtypes of Prox2/Runx3 neurons. These two subtypes are key for swallowing in vivo, as their ablation causes severe esophageal dysmotility. Knowledge about their molecular makeup might help treat esophageal disease. [Cholecystokinin neurons in mouse suprachiasmatic nucleus regulate the robustness of circadian clock](%2F%2Fwww.cell.com%2Fneuron%2Ffulltext%2FS0896-6273(23)00301-X%3Fdgcid=raven_jbs_etoc_email/1/010001896f1a664d-d740896a-bed9-483c-9b71-87925d927222-000000/Z1FjcT9rECVc0eZ5Irvw0p6TMEntYiEGKuVN4KtFHuY=310) Lucheng Xie, Yangyang Xiong, Danyi Ma, Kaiwen Shi, Jiu Chen, Qiaoqiao Yang, Jun Yan The mouse central circadian clock residing in the SCN consists of multiple neuronal subtypes. Xie et al. uncover a neural circuit involving CCK neurons that times the onset of circadian activities and regulates circadian behaviors under a long-day photoperiod and phase shift in jet lag. [The indirect pathway of the basal ganglia promotes transient punishment but not motor suppression](%2F%2Fwww.cell.com%2Fneuron%2Ffulltext%2FS0896-6273(23)00302-1%3Fdgcid=raven_jbs_etoc_email/1/010001896f1a664d-d740896a-bed9-483c-9b71-87925d927222-000000/mzgxt-BtElyfDXtqXeC9XJt_iLKXHuu7idu4RdwCoUc=310) Brian R. Isett, Katrina P. Nguyen, Jenna C. Schwenk, Jeff R. Yurek, Christen N. Snyder, Maxime V. Vounatsos, Kendra A. Adegbesan, Ugne Ziausyte, Aryn H. Gittis Optogenetic stimulation of A2A-SPNs suppresses movement and drives transient punishment, behavioral effects attributed to activity along the indirect pathway. Isett, Nguyen et al. challenge this assumption by demonstrating that the A2A-SPN → GPe pathway is necessary and sufficient for transient punishment but not motor suppression. [Social odor discrimination and its enhancement by associative learning in the hippocampal CA2 region](%2F%2Fwww.cell.com%2Fneuron%2Ffulltext%2FS0896-6273(23)00333-1%3Fdgcid=raven_jbs_etoc_email/1/010001896f1a664d-d740896a-bed9-483c-9b71-87925d927222-000000/24IxdLqYwSsb2CGhgIf8UIf8Ta3NtD3wyaEtdy4bY60=310) Sami I. Hassan, Shivani Bigler, Steven A. Siegelbaum The hippocampal CA2 region is critical for social memory. Hassan et al. report that CA2 responds to and discriminates social odors (urine) from different mice. Social odor-reward learning enhances this discrimination. This suggests that a pre-existing social odor code may incorporate information about rewarding social experiences into social episodic memories. [A genetically defined tecto-thalamic pathway drives a system of superior-colliculus-dependent visual cortices](%2F%2Fwww.cell.com%2Fneuron%2Ffulltext%2FS0896-6273(23)00307-0%3Fdgcid=raven_jbs_etoc_email/1/010001896f1a664d-d740896a-bed9-483c-9b71-87925d927222-000000/JOcGeLCcWxP6SIDuYMp2mlh9sm5K6A3J5nyQF7kBcUU=310) Joshua M. Brenner, Riccardo Beltramo, Charles R. Gerfen, Sarah Ruediger, Massimo Scanziani Open Access Brenner et al. report that several mouse lateral visual cortical areas depend on the superior colliculus (SC) for visually evoked activity. Genetically defined pulvinar-projecting SC neurons drive these areas in a topographically organized manner along a lateromedial gradient. SC-dependent visual cortices distinguish between self and externally generated motion. [Local and long-distance organization of prefrontal cortex circuits in the marmoset brain](%2F%2Fwww.cell.com%2Fneuron%2Ffulltext%2FS0896-6273(23)00338-0%3Fdgcid=raven_jbs_etoc_email/1/010001896f1a664d-d740896a-bed9-483c-9b71-87925d927222-000000/lAN1knwBJwf72f1azmoff6iBD6woSlTs_Sek_X5uycs=310) Akiya Watakabe, Henrik Skibbe, Ken Nakae, Hiroshi Abe, Noritaka Ichinohe, Muhammad Febrian Rachmadi, Jian Wang, Masafumi Takaji, Hiroaki Mizukami, Alexander Woodward, Rui Gong, Junichi Hata, David C. Van Essen, Hideyuki Okano, Shin Ishii, Tetsuo Yamamori Open Access In this article, Watakabe et al. perform extensive tracer mapping of the marmoset PFC, finding two types of projections (patchy and diffuse) to be topographically arranged in the cortex and striatum. Fine-grained analyses enabled by this new resource deepen our understanding of local and long-range connectivity of the primate PFC. 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