Sky-high gas prices⦠[Effective Stock Habbits]( A special message from the Editor of Effective Stock Habbits: We are often approached by other businesses with special offers for our readers. While many donât make the cut, the message below is one we believe deserves your consideration. Fragments of ancient planets circling two white dwarfs, "blue" WDJ1922+0233 and "red" WDJ2147-4035, as imagined by an artist. Source: University of Warwick/Dr Mark Garlick At one time, most stars, such as our Sun, will eventually become white dwarfs. This is an object that has exhausted its fuel, lost its outer layers, and has gone into a process of compression and cooling. During this period, the orbits of the parent star planets will be disrupted and in some cases the planets themselves will collapse. Then their fragments will rotate around the white dwarf. Astronomers have discovered one of the oldest stars in our galaxy, WDJ2147-4035, which is still accumulating fragments of planetesimals rotating around it. This dim white dwarf and the icy remnants of planets around it, more than 10 billion years old, are only 90 light-years away, making this system the oldest ever discovered in the Milky Way. The results of her analysis led by the University of Vorits were published on November 5 in Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. For this study, astronomers modeled two unusual white dwarfs discovered by the GAIA space observatory. Both stars are littered around them with debris from the planets. One of them, namely WDJ1922 + 0233, is located at a distance of 128.5 light years from us and is extremely blue, the other, mentioned above, is dimmer and redder. Using spectroscopic and photometric data from GAIA, as well as the Dark Energy Survey and the European Southern Observatory's X-Shooter instrument, astronomers have calculated how long the stars have been cooling. So, for example, the age of a red star was discovered - 10.7 billion years, of which 10.2 continued the process of its transformation into a white dwarf. In addition, spectroscopic analysis showed that WDJ2147-4035 contains metals such as sodium, lithium and potassium, as well as one representative of non-metals - carbon. This also makes it possible to classify it as the oldest white dwarf with such an abundance of metals. The blue star, a little younger than its neighbor, has accumulated around itself fragments of planets with the same composition as the continental crust, and its color is due to a non-standard mixture of helium and hydrogen in the atmosphere. Such metal-laden stars show that our Earth is not unique. There are other planetary systems with a similar composition. 97% of the stars will become white dwarfs, and they are so common now that it is important to study them, especially those that are already cooling. Formed from the oldest stars in the Milky Way, cool white dwarfs give us insight into the formation and evolution of planetary systems. It's exciting to imagine that they existed billions of years ago and died before our planet even formed. Abbigail Elmes, lead author of the study Astronomers will be able to use the spectrum of these stars to detect how quickly metals sink into their cores. This will allow you to look into the past and find out how much of this or that metal the planetary body had. Comparing this number with the amount of materials in the bodies of the solar system, you can get an idea of what the planets looked like before the death of the star. However, the solution of such a problem with the white dwarf WDJ2147-4035 will be somewhat complicated. The red star is a mystery because the planetary debris around it is very rich in lithium and potassium, unlike any other known object in the solar system. This is a very rare interesting star with a very cold surface temperature, a variety of metals and a decent age. When these stars formed more than 10 billion years ago, the universe was less saturated with metals than it is today, as they are formed in evolving stars and in the process of giant explosions. These two white dwarfs shed light on the formation of planets in an environment poor in metals but rich in gas, which is very different from the conditions in which our system was formed. Pierre-Emmanuel Tremblay, University of Vorits Fellow Investor, [Biden has made America the laughingstock of the world.]( We are the greatest country on the planet, so why are we dealing with: Baby formula shortages⦠Sky-high gas prices⦠And chaos at the border? It all comes down to Bidenâs failure of leadership. But itâs about to get even worse.
[Because an ex-CIA economist just exposed Bidenâs next disasterâ¦]( And what he found out shook me to my core. The media wonât cover it because they love Biden⦠But it could seriously hurt a lot of Americans. Especially those who have money invested in the markets. What is Biden up to now? [Click the video below to find out what the former CIA official is exposing to the worldâ¦and the best way to keep yourself safe from it.]( [Video preview]( Sincerely,
Roger Michalski
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