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[Here's where testing shows the biggest COVID-19 outbreaks in US prisons](
Nicole Caldwell
[ Here's where testing shows the biggest COVID-19 outbreaks in US
prisons
](
[See full slideshow »](
Social distancing is thebest way to avoid spreading COVID-19, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC).
But in today’s prisons—designed in the late-18th century to mitigate the spread of disease and criminal behavior among prisoners—social distancing is virtually impossible except for those in solitary confinement. At any given time, nearly2.3 million people are being held by the American criminal justice system. The facilities to house these individuals include 110 federal prisons and 1,833 state prisons. More than 55,000people being held (often at local jails) have not been convicted or sentenced.
TheU.S. has the highest prison rate in the world, with 698 people imprisoned for every 10,000 residents, according to the Prison Policy Initiative. The Department of Justice in a 2020 report stated federal prison inmate populations are, on average, 12% to 19% higher than the prisons’ rated capacity. Overcrowding like this breeds higher contagion rates, increases the likelihood of insufficient medical care, and can spell a lack of access to personal hygiene products. When combined, it’s a perfect storm for the spread of a virus such as COVID-19.
As of May 13, there were 8,831 confirmed cases of COVID-19 among staff at U.S. jails and prisons and 27,336 confirmed cases among residents at those facilities, according to the University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA) COVID-19 Behind Bars Data Project, spearheaded by Professor Sharon Dolovich. The project is monitoring cases and deaths of residents in prisons and jails, as well as local correctional departments’ responses to the pandemic, such as the release of prisoners. Stacker mined that data (updated as of May 11, 2020) to take a closer look at COVID-19 outbreaks in prisons and jails across the country. In basic terms, jail refers to a place that holds individuals who are being temporarily held for minor offenses or awaiting trial; prisons hold those who have been convicted of crimes and sentenced.
Because inmate access to COVID-19 testing and reporting of these results vary wildly from state to state, actual numbers of cases and deaths are likely higher. While such widespread testing remains out of reach for many prison population and staff, prison factories have remained open. In Ohio, mass testing was stopped despite outbreaks of the virus among inmates and staff. Elsewhere, as testing rates increase so too do COVID-19 cases. Complicating matters is the fact that prisoners statistically have higher instances of pre-existing health conditions that put them at more risk for serious symptoms from COVID-19. There are also many people going in and out of prisons all the time—from corrections officers and food service workers to visitors and inmates themselves, increasing the likelihood of spreading contagions. The CDC’s prison guidelines only recommend tests for current inmates exhibiting symptoms.
Keep reading to see where outbreaks of COVID-19 have occurred, and how various states are dealing with these surges, whether by increasing testing, halting visitation, or releasing nonviolent or elderly offenders—as is the case withPaul Manafort’s early release to home confinement.
You may also like: Worst-run cities in America
Visit thestacker.com for similar lists and stories.
© 2020 Stacker Media, LLC; Distributed by Tribune Content Agency, LLC
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[NFL late bloomer QBs](
Andrew Lisa
[ NFL late bloomer QBs
](
[See full slideshow »](
Today’s NFL is so complicated that it’s common for new quarterbacks to sit their first years out and watch from the sidelines to learn the pro game and hit the ground running in year two. Some quarterbacks, however, don’t break out in year two—or years three, four, or five.
With 32 teams in the league, the better half of the NFL is dominated by the top 15 quarterbacks. Many, of course, never make it into that class of signal-callers at all, and those who do tend to establish themselves fairly early on. Some quarterbacks, however, make it into the top 15, but not until they’re mature veterans well into their careers. This list tells their stories.
Stacker compiled a list of NFL late bloomers using 1932–2020 data from Pro Football Reference. The list includes players who did not rank in the top 15 in passing yards until after their first five seasons. The list is in reverse chronological order by year their careers ended, with current players first.
Some of the entries would likely be surprising to most—Hall of Fame players who are household names, at least among anyone remotely interested in football. Others are much more obscure—virtual unknowns who broke into the top 15 only once or twice in the middle or end of their careers. Others began their careers as backups and later went on to achieve significant success after starters retired or were injured. Others were journeymen who bounced around the league before finally settling in with teams that allowed them to thrive.
All, however, hold the distinction of spending at least one season listed among the 15 best quarterbacks. They also stand out for their persistence—five years is a long time to spend in a bruising league like the NFL without the recognition, notoriety, or salaries that come with success under center.
You may also like: 40 other times sports have been temporarily interrupted
Visit thestacker.com for similar lists and stories.
© 2020 Stacker Media, LLC; Distributed by Tribune Content Agency, LLC
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